ceilometer/ceilometer/utils.py

# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# Copyright 2011 Justin Santa Barbara

# All Rights Reserved.
#
#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
#    a copy of the License at
#
#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
#    under the License.

"""Utilities and helper functions."""

import calendar
import copy
import datetime
import decimal
import multiprocessing

from oslo.utils import timeutils
from oslo.utils import units
import six


def recursive_keypairs(d, separator=':'):
    """Generator that produces sequence of keypairs for nested dictionaries."""
    for name, value in sorted(six.iteritems(d)):
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            for subname, subvalue in recursive_keypairs(value, separator):
                yield ('%s%s%s' % (name, separator, subname), subvalue)
        elif isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
            # When doing a pair of JSON encode/decode operations to the tuple,
            # the tuple would become list. So we have to generate the value as
            # list here.

            # in the special case of the list item itself being a dict,
            # create an equivalent dict with a predictable insertion order
            # to avoid inconsistencies in the message signature computation
            # for equivalent payloads modulo ordering
            first = lambda i: i[0]
            m = map(lambda x: six.text_type(dict(sorted(x.items(), key=first))
                                            if isinstance(x, dict)
                                            else x).encode('utf-8'),
                    value)
            yield name, list(m)
        else:
            yield name, value


def restore_nesting(d, separator=':'):
    """Unwinds a flattened dict to restore nesting."""
    d = copy.copy(d) if any([separator in k for k in d.keys()]) else d
    for k, v in d.copy().items():
        if separator in k:
            top, rem = k.split(separator, 1)
            nest = d[top] if isinstance(d.get(top), dict) else {}
            nest[rem] = v
            d[top] = restore_nesting(nest, separator)
            del d[k]
    return d


def dt_to_decimal(utc):
    """Datetime to Decimal.

    Some databases don't store microseconds in datetime
    so we always store as Decimal unixtime.
    """
    if utc is None:
        return None

    decimal.getcontext().prec = 30
    return (decimal.Decimal(str(calendar.timegm(utc.utctimetuple()))) +
            (decimal.Decimal(str(utc.microsecond)) /
            decimal.Decimal("1000000.0")))


def decimal_to_dt(dec):
    """Return a datetime from Decimal unixtime format."""
    if dec is None:
        return None

    integer = int(dec)
    micro = (dec - decimal.Decimal(integer)) * decimal.Decimal(units.M)
    daittyme = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(integer)
    return daittyme.replace(microsecond=int(round(micro)))


def sanitize_timestamp(timestamp):
    """Return a naive utc datetime object."""
    if not timestamp:
        return timestamp
    if not isinstance(timestamp, datetime.datetime):
        timestamp = timeutils.parse_isotime(timestamp)
    return timeutils.normalize_time(timestamp)


def stringify_timestamps(data):
    """Stringify any datetimes in given dict."""
    isa_timestamp = lambda v: isinstance(v, datetime.datetime)
    return dict((k, v.isoformat() if isa_timestamp(v) else v)
                for (k, v) in six.iteritems(data))


def dict_to_keyval(value, key_base=None):
    """Expand a given dict to its corresponding key-value pairs.

    Generated keys are fully qualified, delimited using dot notation.
    ie. key = 'key.child_key.grandchild_key[0]'
    """
    val_iter, key_func = None, None
    if isinstance(value, dict):
        val_iter = six.iteritems(value)
        key_func = lambda k: key_base + '.' + k if key_base else k
    elif isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
        val_iter = enumerate(value)
        key_func = lambda k: key_base + '[%d]' % k

    if val_iter:
        for k, v in val_iter:
            key_gen = key_func(k)
            if isinstance(v, dict) or isinstance(v, (tuple, list)):
                for key_gen, v in dict_to_keyval(v, key_gen):
                    yield key_gen, v
            else:
                yield key_gen, v


def lowercase_keys(mapping):
    """Converts the values of the keys in mapping to lowercase."""
    items = mapping.items()
    for key, value in items:
        del mapping[key]
        mapping[key.lower()] = value


def lowercase_values(mapping):
    """Converts the values in the mapping dict to lowercase."""
    items = mapping.items()
    for key, value in items:
        mapping[key] = value.lower()


def update_nested(original_dict, updates):
    """Updates the leaf nodes in a nest dict.

     Updates occur without replacing entire sub-dicts.
    """
    dict_to_update = copy.deepcopy(original_dict)
    for key, value in six.iteritems(updates):
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            sub_dict = update_nested(dict_to_update.get(key, {}), value)
            dict_to_update[key] = sub_dict
        else:
            dict_to_update[key] = updates[key]
    return dict_to_update


def cpu_count():
    try:
        return multiprocessing.cpu_count() or 1
    except NotImplementedError:
        return 1


def uniq(dupes, attrs):
    """Exclude elements of dupes with a duplicated set of attribute values."""
    key = lambda d: '/'.join([getattr(d, a) or '' for a in attrs])
    keys = []
    deduped = []
    for d in dupes:
        if key(d) not in keys:
            deduped.append(d)
            keys.append(key(d))
    return deduped