Sync charm-helpers.

This commit is contained in:
Corey Bryant 2015-07-16 20:17:53 +00:00
parent 35e5a1b5b9
commit c1d7e8119f
16 changed files with 869 additions and 190 deletions
hooks/charmhelpers
tests/charmhelpers/contrib
amulet
openstack/amulet

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@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ class OpenStackAmuletDeployment(AmuletDeployment):
services.append(this_service)
use_source = ['mysql', 'mongodb', 'rabbitmq-server', 'ceph',
'ceph-osd', 'ceph-radosgw']
# Openstack subordinate charms do not expose an origin option as that
# is controlled by the principle
ignore = ['neutron-openvswitch']
# Most OpenStack subordinate charms do not expose an origin option
# as that is controlled by the principle.
ignore = ['cinder-ceph', 'hacluster', 'neutron-openvswitch']
if self.openstack:
for svc in services:
@ -148,3 +148,36 @@ class OpenStackAmuletDeployment(AmuletDeployment):
return os_origin.split('%s-' % self.series)[1].split('/')[0]
else:
return releases[self.series]
def get_ceph_expected_pools(self, radosgw=False):
"""Return a list of expected ceph pools in a ceph + cinder + glance
test scenario, based on OpenStack release and whether ceph radosgw
is flagged as present or not."""
if self._get_openstack_release() >= self.trusty_kilo:
# Kilo or later
pools = [
'rbd',
'cinder',
'glance'
]
else:
# Juno or earlier
pools = [
'data',
'metadata',
'rbd',
'cinder',
'glance'
]
if radosgw:
pools.extend([
'.rgw.root',
'.rgw.control',
'.rgw',
'.rgw.gc',
'.users.uid'
])
return pools

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@ -14,16 +14,20 @@
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with charm-helpers. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
import amulet
import json
import logging
import os
import six
import time
import urllib
import cinderclient.v1.client as cinder_client
import glanceclient.v1.client as glance_client
import heatclient.v1.client as heat_client
import keystoneclient.v2_0 as keystone_client
import novaclient.v1_1.client as nova_client
import swiftclient
from charmhelpers.contrib.amulet.utils import (
AmuletUtils
@ -171,6 +175,16 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.debug('Checking if tenant exists ({})...'.format(tenant))
return tenant in [t.name for t in keystone.tenants.list()]
def authenticate_cinder_admin(self, keystone_sentry, username,
password, tenant):
"""Authenticates admin user with cinder."""
# NOTE(beisner): cinder python client doesn't accept tokens.
service_ip = \
keystone_sentry.relation('shared-db',
'mysql:shared-db')['private-address']
ept = "http://{}:5000/v2.0".format(service_ip.strip().decode('utf-8'))
return cinder_client.Client(username, password, tenant, ept)
def authenticate_keystone_admin(self, keystone_sentry, user, password,
tenant):
"""Authenticates admin user with the keystone admin endpoint."""
@ -212,9 +226,29 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
return nova_client.Client(username=user, api_key=password,
project_id=tenant, auth_url=ep)
def authenticate_swift_user(self, keystone, user, password, tenant):
"""Authenticates a regular user with swift api."""
self.log.debug('Authenticating swift user ({})...'.format(user))
ep = keystone.service_catalog.url_for(service_type='identity',
endpoint_type='publicURL')
return swiftclient.Connection(authurl=ep,
user=user,
key=password,
tenant_name=tenant,
auth_version='2.0')
def create_cirros_image(self, glance, image_name):
"""Download the latest cirros image and upload it to glance."""
self.log.debug('Creating glance image ({})...'.format(image_name))
"""Download the latest cirros image and upload it to glance,
validate and return a resource pointer.
:param glance: pointer to authenticated glance connection
:param image_name: display name for new image
:returns: glance image pointer
"""
self.log.debug('Creating glance cirros image '
'({})...'.format(image_name))
# Download cirros image
http_proxy = os.getenv('AMULET_HTTP_PROXY')
self.log.debug('AMULET_HTTP_PROXY: {}'.format(http_proxy))
if http_proxy:
@ -223,33 +257,51 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
else:
opener = urllib.FancyURLopener()
f = opener.open("http://download.cirros-cloud.net/version/released")
f = opener.open('http://download.cirros-cloud.net/version/released')
version = f.read().strip()
cirros_img = "cirros-{}-x86_64-disk.img".format(version)
cirros_img = 'cirros-{}-x86_64-disk.img'.format(version)
local_path = os.path.join('tests', cirros_img)
if not os.path.exists(local_path):
cirros_url = "http://{}/{}/{}".format("download.cirros-cloud.net",
cirros_url = 'http://{}/{}/{}'.format('download.cirros-cloud.net',
version, cirros_img)
opener.retrieve(cirros_url, local_path)
f.close()
# Create glance image
with open(local_path) as f:
image = glance.images.create(name=image_name, is_public=True,
disk_format='qcow2',
container_format='bare', data=f)
count = 1
status = image.status
while status != 'active' and count < 10:
time.sleep(3)
image = glance.images.get(image.id)
status = image.status
self.log.debug('image status: {}'.format(status))
count += 1
if status != 'active':
self.log.error('image creation timed out')
return None
# Wait for image to reach active status
img_id = image.id
ret = self.resource_reaches_status(glance.images, img_id,
expected_stat='active',
msg='Image status wait')
if not ret:
msg = 'Glance image failed to reach expected state.'
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Re-validate new image
self.log.debug('Validating image attributes...')
val_img_name = glance.images.get(img_id).name
val_img_stat = glance.images.get(img_id).status
val_img_pub = glance.images.get(img_id).is_public
val_img_cfmt = glance.images.get(img_id).container_format
val_img_dfmt = glance.images.get(img_id).disk_format
msg_attr = ('Image attributes - name:{} public:{} id:{} stat:{} '
'container fmt:{} disk fmt:{}'.format(
val_img_name, val_img_pub, img_id,
val_img_stat, val_img_cfmt, val_img_dfmt))
if val_img_name == image_name and val_img_stat == 'active' \
and val_img_pub is True and val_img_cfmt == 'bare' \
and val_img_dfmt == 'qcow2':
self.log.debug(msg_attr)
else:
msg = ('Volume validation failed, {}'.format(msg_attr))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
return image
@ -260,22 +312,7 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.warn('/!\\ DEPRECATION WARNING: use '
'delete_resource instead of delete_image.')
self.log.debug('Deleting glance image ({})...'.format(image))
num_before = len(list(glance.images.list()))
glance.images.delete(image)
count = 1
num_after = len(list(glance.images.list()))
while num_after != (num_before - 1) and count < 10:
time.sleep(3)
num_after = len(list(glance.images.list()))
self.log.debug('number of images: {}'.format(num_after))
count += 1
if num_after != (num_before - 1):
self.log.error('image deletion timed out')
return False
return True
return self.delete_resource(glance.images, image, msg='glance image')
def create_instance(self, nova, image_name, instance_name, flavor):
"""Create the specified instance."""
@ -308,22 +345,8 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.warn('/!\\ DEPRECATION WARNING: use '
'delete_resource instead of delete_instance.')
self.log.debug('Deleting instance ({})...'.format(instance))
num_before = len(list(nova.servers.list()))
nova.servers.delete(instance)
count = 1
num_after = len(list(nova.servers.list()))
while num_after != (num_before - 1) and count < 10:
time.sleep(3)
num_after = len(list(nova.servers.list()))
self.log.debug('number of instances: {}'.format(num_after))
count += 1
if num_after != (num_before - 1):
self.log.error('instance deletion timed out')
return False
return True
return self.delete_resource(nova.servers, instance,
msg='nova instance')
def create_or_get_keypair(self, nova, keypair_name="testkey"):
"""Create a new keypair, or return pointer if it already exists."""
@ -339,6 +362,88 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
_keypair = nova.keypairs.create(name=keypair_name)
return _keypair
def create_cinder_volume(self, cinder, vol_name="demo-vol", vol_size=1,
img_id=None, src_vol_id=None, snap_id=None):
"""Create cinder volume, optionally from a glance image, OR
optionally as a clone of an existing volume, OR optionally
from a snapshot. Wait for the new volume status to reach
the expected status, validate and return a resource pointer.
:param vol_name: cinder volume display name
:param vol_size: size in gigabytes
:param img_id: optional glance image id
:param src_vol_id: optional source volume id to clone
:param snap_id: optional snapshot id to use
:returns: cinder volume pointer
"""
# Handle parameter input and avoid impossible combinations
if img_id and not src_vol_id and not snap_id:
# Create volume from image
self.log.debug('Creating cinder volume from glance image...')
bootable = 'true'
elif src_vol_id and not img_id and not snap_id:
# Clone an existing volume
self.log.debug('Cloning cinder volume...')
bootable = cinder.volumes.get(src_vol_id).bootable
elif snap_id and not src_vol_id and not img_id:
# Create volume from snapshot
self.log.debug('Creating cinder volume from snapshot...')
snap = cinder.volume_snapshots.find(id=snap_id)
vol_size = snap.size
snap_vol_id = cinder.volume_snapshots.get(snap_id).volume_id
bootable = cinder.volumes.get(snap_vol_id).bootable
elif not img_id and not src_vol_id and not snap_id:
# Create volume
self.log.debug('Creating cinder volume...')
bootable = 'false'
else:
# Impossible combination of parameters
msg = ('Invalid method use - name:{} size:{} img_id:{} '
'src_vol_id:{} snap_id:{}'.format(vol_name, vol_size,
img_id, src_vol_id,
snap_id))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Create new volume
try:
vol_new = cinder.volumes.create(display_name=vol_name,
imageRef=img_id,
size=vol_size,
source_volid=src_vol_id,
snapshot_id=snap_id)
vol_id = vol_new.id
except Exception as e:
msg = 'Failed to create volume: {}'.format(e)
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Wait for volume to reach available status
ret = self.resource_reaches_status(cinder.volumes, vol_id,
expected_stat="available",
msg="Volume status wait")
if not ret:
msg = 'Cinder volume failed to reach expected state.'
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Re-validate new volume
self.log.debug('Validating volume attributes...')
val_vol_name = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).display_name
val_vol_boot = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).bootable
val_vol_stat = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).status
val_vol_size = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).size
msg_attr = ('Volume attributes - name:{} id:{} stat:{} boot:'
'{} size:{}'.format(val_vol_name, vol_id,
val_vol_stat, val_vol_boot,
val_vol_size))
if val_vol_boot == bootable and val_vol_stat == 'available' \
and val_vol_name == vol_name and val_vol_size == vol_size:
self.log.debug(msg_attr)
else:
msg = ('Volume validation failed, {}'.format(msg_attr))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
return vol_new
def delete_resource(self, resource, resource_id,
msg="resource", max_wait=120):
"""Delete one openstack resource, such as one instance, keypair,
@ -350,6 +455,8 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
:param max_wait: maximum wait time in seconds
:returns: True if successful, otherwise False
"""
self.log.debug('Deleting OpenStack resource '
'{} ({})'.format(resource_id, msg))
num_before = len(list(resource.list()))
resource.delete(resource_id)
@ -411,3 +518,87 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.debug('{} never reached expected status: '
'{}'.format(resource_id, expected_stat))
return False
def get_ceph_osd_id_cmd(self, index):
"""Produce a shell command that will return a ceph-osd id."""
return ("`initctl list | grep 'ceph-osd ' | "
"awk 'NR=={} {{ print $2 }}' | "
"grep -o '[0-9]*'`".format(index + 1))
def get_ceph_pools(self, sentry_unit):
"""Return a dict of ceph pools from a single ceph unit, with
pool name as keys, pool id as vals."""
pools = {}
cmd = 'sudo ceph osd lspools'
output, code = sentry_unit.run(cmd)
if code != 0:
msg = ('{} `{}` returned {} '
'{}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
cmd, code, output))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Example output: 0 data,1 metadata,2 rbd,3 cinder,4 glance,
for pool in str(output).split(','):
pool_id_name = pool.split(' ')
if len(pool_id_name) == 2:
pool_id = pool_id_name[0]
pool_name = pool_id_name[1]
pools[pool_name] = int(pool_id)
self.log.debug('Pools on {}: {}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
pools))
return pools
def get_ceph_df(self, sentry_unit):
"""Return dict of ceph df json output, including ceph pool state.
:param sentry_unit: Pointer to amulet sentry instance (juju unit)
:returns: Dict of ceph df output
"""
cmd = 'sudo ceph df --format=json'
output, code = sentry_unit.run(cmd)
if code != 0:
msg = ('{} `{}` returned {} '
'{}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
cmd, code, output))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
return json.loads(output)
def get_ceph_pool_sample(self, sentry_unit, pool_id=0):
"""Take a sample of attributes of a ceph pool, returning ceph
pool name, object count and disk space used for the specified
pool ID number.
:param sentry_unit: Pointer to amulet sentry instance (juju unit)
:param pool_id: Ceph pool ID
:returns: List of pool name, object count, kb disk space used
"""
df = self.get_ceph_df(sentry_unit)
pool_name = df['pools'][pool_id]['name']
obj_count = df['pools'][pool_id]['stats']['objects']
kb_used = df['pools'][pool_id]['stats']['kb_used']
self.log.debug('Ceph {} pool (ID {}): {} objects, '
'{} kb used'.format(pool_name, pool_id,
obj_count, kb_used))
return pool_name, obj_count, kb_used
def validate_ceph_pool_samples(self, samples, sample_type="resource pool"):
"""Validate ceph pool samples taken over time, such as pool
object counts or pool kb used, before adding, after adding, and
after deleting items which affect those pool attributes. The
2nd element is expected to be greater than the 1st; 3rd is expected
to be less than the 2nd.
:param samples: List containing 3 data samples
:param sample_type: String for logging and usage context
:returns: None if successful, Failure message otherwise
"""
original, created, deleted = range(3)
if samples[created] <= samples[original] or \
samples[deleted] >= samples[created]:
return ('Ceph {} samples ({}) '
'unexpected.'.format(sample_type, samples))
else:
self.log.debug('Ceph {} samples (OK): '
'{}'.format(sample_type, samples))
return None

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@ -122,12 +122,14 @@ def config_flags_parser(config_flags):
of specifying multiple key value pairs within the same string. For
example, a string in the format of 'key1=value1, key2=value2' will
return a dict of:
{'key1': 'value1',
'key2': 'value2'}.
2. A string in the above format, but supporting a comma-delimited list
of values for the same key. For example, a string in the format of
'key1=value1, key2=value3,value4,value5' will return a dict of:
{'key1', 'value1',
'key2', 'value2,value3,value4'}
@ -136,6 +138,7 @@ def config_flags_parser(config_flags):
used to specify more complex key value pairs. For example,
a string in the format of 'key1: subkey1=value1, subkey2=value2' will
return a dict of:
{'key1', 'subkey1=value1, subkey2=value2'}
The provided config_flags string may be a list of comma-separated values
@ -891,8 +894,6 @@ class NeutronContext(OSContextGenerator):
return ctxt
def __call__(self):
self._ensure_packages()
if self.network_manager not in ['quantum', 'neutron']:
return {}

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@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
###############################################################################
[global]
{% if auth -%}
auth_supported = {{ auth }}
keyring = /etc/ceph/$cluster.$name.keyring
mon host = {{ mon_hosts }}
auth_supported = {{ auth }}
keyring = /etc/ceph/$cluster.$name.keyring
mon host = {{ mon_hosts }}
{% endif -%}
log to syslog = {{ use_syslog }}
err to syslog = {{ use_syslog }}
clog to syslog = {{ use_syslog }}
log to syslog = {{ use_syslog }}
err to syslog = {{ use_syslog }}
clog to syslog = {{ use_syslog }}

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@ -522,6 +522,7 @@ def git_clone_and_install(projects_yaml, core_project, depth=1):
Clone/install all specified OpenStack repositories.
The expected format of projects_yaml is:
repositories:
- {name: keystone,
repository: 'git://git.openstack.org/openstack/keystone.git',
@ -529,11 +530,13 @@ def git_clone_and_install(projects_yaml, core_project, depth=1):
- {name: requirements,
repository: 'git://git.openstack.org/openstack/requirements.git',
branch: 'stable/icehouse'}
directory: /mnt/openstack-git
http_proxy: squid-proxy-url
https_proxy: squid-proxy-url
The directory, http_proxy, and https_proxy keys are optional.
"""
global requirements_dir
parent_dir = '/mnt/openstack-git'
@ -555,9 +558,10 @@ def git_clone_and_install(projects_yaml, core_project, depth=1):
pip_create_virtualenv(os.path.join(parent_dir, 'venv'))
# Upgrade setuptools from default virtualenv version. The default version
# in trusty breaks update.py in global requirements master branch.
pip_install('setuptools', upgrade=True, proxy=http_proxy,
# Upgrade setuptools and pip from default virtualenv versions. The default
# versions in trusty break master OpenStack branch deployments.
for p in ['pip', 'setuptools']:
pip_install(p, upgrade=True, proxy=http_proxy,
venv=os.path.join(parent_dir, 'venv'))
for p in projects['repositories']:

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@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ KEYRING = '/etc/ceph/ceph.client.{}.keyring'
KEYFILE = '/etc/ceph/ceph.client.{}.key'
CEPH_CONF = """[global]
auth supported = {auth}
keyring = {keyring}
mon host = {mon_hosts}
log to syslog = {use_syslog}
err to syslog = {use_syslog}
clog to syslog = {use_syslog}
auth supported = {auth}
keyring = {keyring}
mon host = {mon_hosts}
log to syslog = {use_syslog}
err to syslog = {use_syslog}
clog to syslog = {use_syslog}
"""

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@ -21,7 +21,9 @@
# Charm Helpers Developers <juju@lists.ubuntu.com>
from __future__ import print_function
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
from functools import wraps
import glob
import os
import json
import yaml
@ -242,29 +244,7 @@ class Config(dict):
self.path = os.path.join(charm_dir(), Config.CONFIG_FILE_NAME)
if os.path.exists(self.path):
self.load_previous()
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""For regular dict lookups, check the current juju config first,
then the previous (saved) copy. This ensures that user-saved values
will be returned by a dict lookup.
"""
try:
return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
except KeyError:
return (self._prev_dict or {})[key]
def get(self, key, default=None):
try:
return self[key]
except KeyError:
return default
def keys(self):
prev_keys = []
if self._prev_dict is not None:
prev_keys = self._prev_dict.keys()
return list(set(prev_keys + list(dict.keys(self))))
atexit(self._implicit_save)
def load_previous(self, path=None):
"""Load previous copy of config from disk.
@ -283,6 +263,9 @@ class Config(dict):
self.path = path or self.path
with open(self.path) as f:
self._prev_dict = json.load(f)
for k, v in self._prev_dict.items():
if k not in self:
self[k] = v
def changed(self, key):
"""Return True if the current value for this key is different from
@ -314,13 +297,13 @@ class Config(dict):
instance.
"""
if self._prev_dict:
for k, v in six.iteritems(self._prev_dict):
if k not in self:
self[k] = v
with open(self.path, 'w') as f:
json.dump(self, f)
def _implicit_save(self):
if self.implicit_save:
self.save()
@cached
def config(scope=None):
@ -587,10 +570,14 @@ class Hooks(object):
hooks.execute(sys.argv)
"""
def __init__(self, config_save=True):
def __init__(self, config_save=None):
super(Hooks, self).__init__()
self._hooks = {}
self._config_save = config_save
# For unknown reasons, we allow the Hooks constructor to override
# config().implicit_save.
if config_save is not None:
config().implicit_save = config_save
def register(self, name, function):
"""Register a hook"""
@ -598,13 +585,16 @@ class Hooks(object):
def execute(self, args):
"""Execute a registered hook based on args[0]"""
_run_atstart()
hook_name = os.path.basename(args[0])
if hook_name in self._hooks:
try:
self._hooks[hook_name]()
if self._config_save:
cfg = config()
if cfg.implicit_save:
cfg.save()
except SystemExit as x:
if x.code is None or x.code == 0:
_run_atexit()
raise
_run_atexit()
else:
raise UnregisteredHookError(hook_name)
@ -732,13 +722,80 @@ def leader_get(attribute=None):
@translate_exc(from_exc=OSError, to_exc=NotImplementedError)
def leader_set(settings=None, **kwargs):
"""Juju leader set value(s)"""
log("Juju leader-set '%s'" % (settings), level=DEBUG)
# Don't log secrets.
# log("Juju leader-set '%s'" % (settings), level=DEBUG)
cmd = ['leader-set']
settings = settings or {}
settings.update(kwargs)
for k, v in settings.iteritems():
for k, v in settings.items():
if v is None:
cmd.append('{}='.format(k))
else:
cmd.append('{}={}'.format(k, v))
subprocess.check_call(cmd)
@cached
def juju_version():
"""Full version string (eg. '1.23.3.1-trusty-amd64')"""
# Per https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju-core/+bug/1455368/comments/1
jujud = glob.glob('/var/lib/juju/tools/machine-*/jujud')[0]
return subprocess.check_output([jujud, 'version'],
universal_newlines=True).strip()
@cached
def has_juju_version(minimum_version):
"""Return True if the Juju version is at least the provided version"""
return LooseVersion(juju_version()) >= LooseVersion(minimum_version)
_atexit = []
_atstart = []
def atstart(callback, *args, **kwargs):
'''Schedule a callback to run before the main hook.
Callbacks are run in the order they were added.
This is useful for modules and classes to perform initialization
and inject behavior. In particular:
- Run common code before all of your hooks, such as logging
the hook name or interesting relation data.
- Defer object or module initialization that requires a hook
context until we know there actually is a hook context,
making testing easier.
- Rather than requiring charm authors to include boilerplate to
invoke your helper's behavior, have it run automatically if
your object is instantiated or module imported.
This is not at all useful after your hook framework as been launched.
'''
global _atstart
_atstart.append((callback, args, kwargs))
def atexit(callback, *args, **kwargs):
'''Schedule a callback to run on successful hook completion.
Callbacks are run in the reverse order that they were added.'''
_atexit.append((callback, args, kwargs))
def _run_atstart():
'''Hook frameworks must invoke this before running the main hook body.'''
global _atstart
for callback, args, kwargs in _atstart:
callback(*args, **kwargs)
del _atstart[:]
def _run_atexit():
'''Hook frameworks must invoke this after the main hook body has
successfully completed. Do not invoke it if the hook fails.'''
global _atexit
for callback, args, kwargs in reversed(_atexit):
callback(*args, **kwargs)
del _atexit[:]

View File

@ -63,6 +63,36 @@ def service_reload(service_name, restart_on_failure=False):
return service_result
def service_pause(service_name, init_dir=None):
"""Pause a system service.
Stop it, and prevent it from starting again at boot."""
if init_dir is None:
init_dir = "/etc/init"
stopped = service_stop(service_name)
# XXX: Support systemd too
override_path = os.path.join(
init_dir, '{}.conf.override'.format(service_name))
with open(override_path, 'w') as fh:
fh.write("manual\n")
return stopped
def service_resume(service_name, init_dir=None):
"""Resume a system service.
Reenable starting again at boot. Start the service"""
# XXX: Support systemd too
if init_dir is None:
init_dir = "/etc/init"
override_path = os.path.join(
init_dir, '{}.conf.override'.format(service_name))
if os.path.exists(override_path):
os.unlink(override_path)
started = service_start(service_name)
return started
def service(action, service_name):
"""Control a system service"""
cmd = ['service', service_name, action]
@ -140,11 +170,7 @@ def add_group(group_name, system_group=False):
def add_user_to_group(username, group):
"""Add a user to a group"""
cmd = [
'gpasswd', '-a',
username,
group
]
cmd = ['gpasswd', '-a', username, group]
log("Adding user {} to group {}".format(username, group))
subprocess.check_call(cmd)

View File

@ -128,15 +128,18 @@ class ServiceManager(object):
"""
Handle the current hook by doing The Right Thing with the registered services.
"""
hookenv._run_atstart()
try:
hook_name = hookenv.hook_name()
if hook_name == 'stop':
self.stop_services()
else:
self.reconfigure_services()
self.provide_data()
cfg = hookenv.config()
if cfg.implicit_save:
cfg.save()
except SystemExit as x:
if x.code is None or x.code == 0:
hookenv._run_atexit()
hookenv._run_atexit()
def provide_data(self):
"""

View File

@ -240,11 +240,11 @@ class TemplateCallback(ManagerCallback):
:param str source: The template source file, relative to
`$CHARM_DIR/templates`
:param str target: The target to write the rendered template to
:param str owner: The owner of the rendered file
:param str group: The group of the rendered file
:param int perms: The permissions of the rendered file
"""
def __init__(self, source, target,
owner='root', group='root', perms=0o444):

View File

@ -215,9 +215,9 @@ def apt_purge(packages, fatal=False):
_run_apt_command(cmd, fatal)
def apt_hold(packages, fatal=False):
"""Hold one or more packages"""
cmd = ['apt-mark', 'hold']
def apt_mark(packages, mark, fatal=False):
"""Flag one or more packages using apt-mark"""
cmd = ['apt-mark', mark]
if isinstance(packages, six.string_types):
cmd.append(packages)
else:
@ -225,9 +225,17 @@ def apt_hold(packages, fatal=False):
log("Holding {}".format(packages))
if fatal:
subprocess.check_call(cmd)
subprocess.check_call(cmd, universal_newlines=True)
else:
subprocess.call(cmd)
subprocess.call(cmd, universal_newlines=True)
def apt_hold(packages, fatal=False):
return apt_mark(packages, 'hold', fatal=fatal)
def apt_unhold(packages, fatal=False):
return apt_mark(packages, 'unhold', fatal=fatal)
def add_source(source, key=None):
@ -370,8 +378,9 @@ def install_remote(source, *args, **kwargs):
for handler in handlers:
try:
installed_to = handler.install(source, *args, **kwargs)
except UnhandledSource:
pass
except UnhandledSource as e:
log('Install source attempt unsuccessful: {}'.format(e),
level='WARNING')
if not installed_to:
raise UnhandledSource("No handler found for source {}".format(source))
return installed_to

View File

@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ class ArchiveUrlFetchHandler(BaseFetchHandler):
def can_handle(self, source):
url_parts = self.parse_url(source)
if url_parts.scheme not in ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'file'):
# XXX: Why is this returning a boolean and a string? It's
# doomed to fail since "bool(can_handle('foo://'))" will be True.
return "Wrong source type"
if get_archive_handler(self.base_url(source)):
return True
@ -155,7 +157,11 @@ class ArchiveUrlFetchHandler(BaseFetchHandler):
else:
algorithms = hashlib.algorithms_available
if key in algorithms:
check_hash(dld_file, value, key)
if len(value) != 1:
raise TypeError(
"Expected 1 hash value, not %d" % len(value))
expected = value[0]
check_hash(dld_file, expected, key)
if checksum:
check_hash(dld_file, checksum, hash_type)
return extract(dld_file, dest)

View File

@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class GitUrlFetchHandler(BaseFetchHandler):
try:
self.clone(source, dest_dir, branch, depth)
except GitCommandError as e:
raise UnhandledSource(e.message)
raise UnhandledSource(e)
except OSError as e:
raise UnhandledSource(e.strerror)
return dest_dir

View File

@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with charm-helpers. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
import amulet
import ConfigParser
import distro_info
import io
@ -173,6 +174,11 @@ class AmuletUtils(object):
Verify that the specified section of the config file contains
the expected option key:value pairs.
Compare expected dictionary data vs actual dictionary data.
The values in the 'expected' dictionary can be strings, bools, ints,
longs, or can be a function that evaluates a variable and returns a
bool.
"""
self.log.debug('Validating config file data ({} in {} on {})'
'...'.format(section, config_file,
@ -185,9 +191,20 @@ class AmuletUtils(object):
for k in expected.keys():
if not config.has_option(section, k):
return "section [{}] is missing option {}".format(section, k)
if config.get(section, k) != expected[k]:
actual = config.get(section, k)
v = expected[k]
if (isinstance(v, six.string_types) or
isinstance(v, bool) or
isinstance(v, six.integer_types)):
# handle explicit values
if actual != v:
return "section [{}] {}:{} != expected {}:{}".format(
section, k, config.get(section, k), k, expected[k])
section, k, actual, k, expected[k])
# handle function pointers, such as not_null or valid_ip
elif not v(actual):
return "section [{}] {}:{} != expected {}:{}".format(
section, k, actual, k, expected[k])
return None
def _validate_dict_data(self, expected, actual):
@ -195,7 +212,7 @@ class AmuletUtils(object):
Compare expected dictionary data vs actual dictionary data.
The values in the 'expected' dictionary can be strings, bools, ints,
longs, or can be a function that evaluate a variable and returns a
longs, or can be a function that evaluates a variable and returns a
bool.
"""
self.log.debug('actual: {}'.format(repr(actual)))
@ -206,8 +223,10 @@ class AmuletUtils(object):
if (isinstance(v, six.string_types) or
isinstance(v, bool) or
isinstance(v, six.integer_types)):
# handle explicit values
if v != actual[k]:
return "{}:{}".format(k, actual[k])
# handle function pointers, such as not_null or valid_ip
elif not v(actual[k]):
return "{}:{}".format(k, actual[k])
else:
@ -406,3 +425,109 @@ class AmuletUtils(object):
"""Convert a relative file path to a file URL."""
_abs_path = os.path.abspath(file_rel_path)
return urlparse.urlparse(_abs_path, scheme='file').geturl()
def check_commands_on_units(self, commands, sentry_units):
"""Check that all commands in a list exit zero on all
sentry units in a list.
:param commands: list of bash commands
:param sentry_units: list of sentry unit pointers
:returns: None if successful; Failure message otherwise
"""
self.log.debug('Checking exit codes for {} commands on {} '
'sentry units...'.format(len(commands),
len(sentry_units)))
for sentry_unit in sentry_units:
for cmd in commands:
output, code = sentry_unit.run(cmd)
if code == 0:
self.log.debug('{} `{}` returned {} '
'(OK)'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
cmd, code))
else:
return ('{} `{}` returned {} '
'{}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
cmd, code, output))
return None
def get_process_id_list(self, sentry_unit, process_name):
"""Get a list of process ID(s) from a single sentry juju unit
for a single process name.
:param sentry_unit: Pointer to amulet sentry instance (juju unit)
:param process_name: Process name
:returns: List of process IDs
"""
cmd = 'pidof {}'.format(process_name)
output, code = sentry_unit.run(cmd)
if code != 0:
msg = ('{} `{}` returned {} '
'{}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
cmd, code, output))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
return str(output).split()
def get_unit_process_ids(self, unit_processes):
"""Construct a dict containing unit sentries, process names, and
process IDs."""
pid_dict = {}
for sentry_unit, process_list in unit_processes.iteritems():
pid_dict[sentry_unit] = {}
for process in process_list:
pids = self.get_process_id_list(sentry_unit, process)
pid_dict[sentry_unit].update({process: pids})
return pid_dict
def validate_unit_process_ids(self, expected, actual):
"""Validate process id quantities for services on units."""
self.log.debug('Checking units for running processes...')
self.log.debug('Expected PIDs: {}'.format(expected))
self.log.debug('Actual PIDs: {}'.format(actual))
if len(actual) != len(expected):
return ('Unit count mismatch. expected, actual: {}, '
'{} '.format(len(expected), len(actual)))
for (e_sentry, e_proc_names) in expected.iteritems():
e_sentry_name = e_sentry.info['unit_name']
if e_sentry in actual.keys():
a_proc_names = actual[e_sentry]
else:
return ('Expected sentry ({}) not found in actual dict data.'
'{}'.format(e_sentry_name, e_sentry))
if len(e_proc_names.keys()) != len(a_proc_names.keys()):
return ('Process name count mismatch. expected, actual: {}, '
'{}'.format(len(expected), len(actual)))
for (e_proc_name, e_pids_length), (a_proc_name, a_pids) in \
zip(e_proc_names.items(), a_proc_names.items()):
if e_proc_name != a_proc_name:
return ('Process name mismatch. expected, actual: {}, '
'{}'.format(e_proc_name, a_proc_name))
a_pids_length = len(a_pids)
if e_pids_length != a_pids_length:
return ('PID count mismatch. {} ({}) expected, actual: '
'{}, {} ({})'.format(e_sentry_name, e_proc_name,
e_pids_length, a_pids_length,
a_pids))
else:
self.log.debug('PID check OK: {} {} {}: '
'{}'.format(e_sentry_name, e_proc_name,
e_pids_length, a_pids))
return None
def validate_list_of_identical_dicts(self, list_of_dicts):
"""Check that all dicts within a list are identical."""
hashes = []
for _dict in list_of_dicts:
hashes.append(hash(frozenset(_dict.items())))
self.log.debug('Hashes: {}'.format(hashes))
if len(set(hashes)) == 1:
self.log.debug('Dicts within list are identical')
else:
return 'Dicts within list are not identical'
return None

View File

@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ class OpenStackAmuletDeployment(AmuletDeployment):
services.append(this_service)
use_source = ['mysql', 'mongodb', 'rabbitmq-server', 'ceph',
'ceph-osd', 'ceph-radosgw']
# Openstack subordinate charms do not expose an origin option as that
# is controlled by the principle
ignore = ['neutron-openvswitch']
# Most OpenStack subordinate charms do not expose an origin option
# as that is controlled by the principle.
ignore = ['cinder-ceph', 'hacluster', 'neutron-openvswitch']
if self.openstack:
for svc in services:
@ -148,3 +148,36 @@ class OpenStackAmuletDeployment(AmuletDeployment):
return os_origin.split('%s-' % self.series)[1].split('/')[0]
else:
return releases[self.series]
def get_ceph_expected_pools(self, radosgw=False):
"""Return a list of expected ceph pools in a ceph + cinder + glance
test scenario, based on OpenStack release and whether ceph radosgw
is flagged as present or not."""
if self._get_openstack_release() >= self.trusty_kilo:
# Kilo or later
pools = [
'rbd',
'cinder',
'glance'
]
else:
# Juno or earlier
pools = [
'data',
'metadata',
'rbd',
'cinder',
'glance'
]
if radosgw:
pools.extend([
'.rgw.root',
'.rgw.control',
'.rgw',
'.rgw.gc',
'.users.uid'
])
return pools

View File

@ -14,16 +14,20 @@
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with charm-helpers. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
import amulet
import json
import logging
import os
import six
import time
import urllib
import cinderclient.v1.client as cinder_client
import glanceclient.v1.client as glance_client
import heatclient.v1.client as heat_client
import keystoneclient.v2_0 as keystone_client
import novaclient.v1_1.client as nova_client
import swiftclient
from charmhelpers.contrib.amulet.utils import (
AmuletUtils
@ -171,6 +175,16 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.debug('Checking if tenant exists ({})...'.format(tenant))
return tenant in [t.name for t in keystone.tenants.list()]
def authenticate_cinder_admin(self, keystone_sentry, username,
password, tenant):
"""Authenticates admin user with cinder."""
# NOTE(beisner): cinder python client doesn't accept tokens.
service_ip = \
keystone_sentry.relation('shared-db',
'mysql:shared-db')['private-address']
ept = "http://{}:5000/v2.0".format(service_ip.strip().decode('utf-8'))
return cinder_client.Client(username, password, tenant, ept)
def authenticate_keystone_admin(self, keystone_sentry, user, password,
tenant):
"""Authenticates admin user with the keystone admin endpoint."""
@ -212,9 +226,29 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
return nova_client.Client(username=user, api_key=password,
project_id=tenant, auth_url=ep)
def authenticate_swift_user(self, keystone, user, password, tenant):
"""Authenticates a regular user with swift api."""
self.log.debug('Authenticating swift user ({})...'.format(user))
ep = keystone.service_catalog.url_for(service_type='identity',
endpoint_type='publicURL')
return swiftclient.Connection(authurl=ep,
user=user,
key=password,
tenant_name=tenant,
auth_version='2.0')
def create_cirros_image(self, glance, image_name):
"""Download the latest cirros image and upload it to glance."""
self.log.debug('Creating glance image ({})...'.format(image_name))
"""Download the latest cirros image and upload it to glance,
validate and return a resource pointer.
:param glance: pointer to authenticated glance connection
:param image_name: display name for new image
:returns: glance image pointer
"""
self.log.debug('Creating glance cirros image '
'({})...'.format(image_name))
# Download cirros image
http_proxy = os.getenv('AMULET_HTTP_PROXY')
self.log.debug('AMULET_HTTP_PROXY: {}'.format(http_proxy))
if http_proxy:
@ -223,33 +257,51 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
else:
opener = urllib.FancyURLopener()
f = opener.open("http://download.cirros-cloud.net/version/released")
f = opener.open('http://download.cirros-cloud.net/version/released')
version = f.read().strip()
cirros_img = "cirros-{}-x86_64-disk.img".format(version)
cirros_img = 'cirros-{}-x86_64-disk.img'.format(version)
local_path = os.path.join('tests', cirros_img)
if not os.path.exists(local_path):
cirros_url = "http://{}/{}/{}".format("download.cirros-cloud.net",
cirros_url = 'http://{}/{}/{}'.format('download.cirros-cloud.net',
version, cirros_img)
opener.retrieve(cirros_url, local_path)
f.close()
# Create glance image
with open(local_path) as f:
image = glance.images.create(name=image_name, is_public=True,
disk_format='qcow2',
container_format='bare', data=f)
count = 1
status = image.status
while status != 'active' and count < 10:
time.sleep(3)
image = glance.images.get(image.id)
status = image.status
self.log.debug('image status: {}'.format(status))
count += 1
if status != 'active':
self.log.error('image creation timed out')
return None
# Wait for image to reach active status
img_id = image.id
ret = self.resource_reaches_status(glance.images, img_id,
expected_stat='active',
msg='Image status wait')
if not ret:
msg = 'Glance image failed to reach expected state.'
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Re-validate new image
self.log.debug('Validating image attributes...')
val_img_name = glance.images.get(img_id).name
val_img_stat = glance.images.get(img_id).status
val_img_pub = glance.images.get(img_id).is_public
val_img_cfmt = glance.images.get(img_id).container_format
val_img_dfmt = glance.images.get(img_id).disk_format
msg_attr = ('Image attributes - name:{} public:{} id:{} stat:{} '
'container fmt:{} disk fmt:{}'.format(
val_img_name, val_img_pub, img_id,
val_img_stat, val_img_cfmt, val_img_dfmt))
if val_img_name == image_name and val_img_stat == 'active' \
and val_img_pub is True and val_img_cfmt == 'bare' \
and val_img_dfmt == 'qcow2':
self.log.debug(msg_attr)
else:
msg = ('Volume validation failed, {}'.format(msg_attr))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
return image
@ -260,22 +312,7 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.warn('/!\\ DEPRECATION WARNING: use '
'delete_resource instead of delete_image.')
self.log.debug('Deleting glance image ({})...'.format(image))
num_before = len(list(glance.images.list()))
glance.images.delete(image)
count = 1
num_after = len(list(glance.images.list()))
while num_after != (num_before - 1) and count < 10:
time.sleep(3)
num_after = len(list(glance.images.list()))
self.log.debug('number of images: {}'.format(num_after))
count += 1
if num_after != (num_before - 1):
self.log.error('image deletion timed out')
return False
return True
return self.delete_resource(glance.images, image, msg='glance image')
def create_instance(self, nova, image_name, instance_name, flavor):
"""Create the specified instance."""
@ -308,22 +345,8 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.warn('/!\\ DEPRECATION WARNING: use '
'delete_resource instead of delete_instance.')
self.log.debug('Deleting instance ({})...'.format(instance))
num_before = len(list(nova.servers.list()))
nova.servers.delete(instance)
count = 1
num_after = len(list(nova.servers.list()))
while num_after != (num_before - 1) and count < 10:
time.sleep(3)
num_after = len(list(nova.servers.list()))
self.log.debug('number of instances: {}'.format(num_after))
count += 1
if num_after != (num_before - 1):
self.log.error('instance deletion timed out')
return False
return True
return self.delete_resource(nova.servers, instance,
msg='nova instance')
def create_or_get_keypair(self, nova, keypair_name="testkey"):
"""Create a new keypair, or return pointer if it already exists."""
@ -339,6 +362,88 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
_keypair = nova.keypairs.create(name=keypair_name)
return _keypair
def create_cinder_volume(self, cinder, vol_name="demo-vol", vol_size=1,
img_id=None, src_vol_id=None, snap_id=None):
"""Create cinder volume, optionally from a glance image, OR
optionally as a clone of an existing volume, OR optionally
from a snapshot. Wait for the new volume status to reach
the expected status, validate and return a resource pointer.
:param vol_name: cinder volume display name
:param vol_size: size in gigabytes
:param img_id: optional glance image id
:param src_vol_id: optional source volume id to clone
:param snap_id: optional snapshot id to use
:returns: cinder volume pointer
"""
# Handle parameter input and avoid impossible combinations
if img_id and not src_vol_id and not snap_id:
# Create volume from image
self.log.debug('Creating cinder volume from glance image...')
bootable = 'true'
elif src_vol_id and not img_id and not snap_id:
# Clone an existing volume
self.log.debug('Cloning cinder volume...')
bootable = cinder.volumes.get(src_vol_id).bootable
elif snap_id and not src_vol_id and not img_id:
# Create volume from snapshot
self.log.debug('Creating cinder volume from snapshot...')
snap = cinder.volume_snapshots.find(id=snap_id)
vol_size = snap.size
snap_vol_id = cinder.volume_snapshots.get(snap_id).volume_id
bootable = cinder.volumes.get(snap_vol_id).bootable
elif not img_id and not src_vol_id and not snap_id:
# Create volume
self.log.debug('Creating cinder volume...')
bootable = 'false'
else:
# Impossible combination of parameters
msg = ('Invalid method use - name:{} size:{} img_id:{} '
'src_vol_id:{} snap_id:{}'.format(vol_name, vol_size,
img_id, src_vol_id,
snap_id))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Create new volume
try:
vol_new = cinder.volumes.create(display_name=vol_name,
imageRef=img_id,
size=vol_size,
source_volid=src_vol_id,
snapshot_id=snap_id)
vol_id = vol_new.id
except Exception as e:
msg = 'Failed to create volume: {}'.format(e)
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Wait for volume to reach available status
ret = self.resource_reaches_status(cinder.volumes, vol_id,
expected_stat="available",
msg="Volume status wait")
if not ret:
msg = 'Cinder volume failed to reach expected state.'
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Re-validate new volume
self.log.debug('Validating volume attributes...')
val_vol_name = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).display_name
val_vol_boot = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).bootable
val_vol_stat = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).status
val_vol_size = cinder.volumes.get(vol_id).size
msg_attr = ('Volume attributes - name:{} id:{} stat:{} boot:'
'{} size:{}'.format(val_vol_name, vol_id,
val_vol_stat, val_vol_boot,
val_vol_size))
if val_vol_boot == bootable and val_vol_stat == 'available' \
and val_vol_name == vol_name and val_vol_size == vol_size:
self.log.debug(msg_attr)
else:
msg = ('Volume validation failed, {}'.format(msg_attr))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
return vol_new
def delete_resource(self, resource, resource_id,
msg="resource", max_wait=120):
"""Delete one openstack resource, such as one instance, keypair,
@ -350,6 +455,8 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
:param max_wait: maximum wait time in seconds
:returns: True if successful, otherwise False
"""
self.log.debug('Deleting OpenStack resource '
'{} ({})'.format(resource_id, msg))
num_before = len(list(resource.list()))
resource.delete(resource_id)
@ -411,3 +518,87 @@ class OpenStackAmuletUtils(AmuletUtils):
self.log.debug('{} never reached expected status: '
'{}'.format(resource_id, expected_stat))
return False
def get_ceph_osd_id_cmd(self, index):
"""Produce a shell command that will return a ceph-osd id."""
return ("`initctl list | grep 'ceph-osd ' | "
"awk 'NR=={} {{ print $2 }}' | "
"grep -o '[0-9]*'`".format(index + 1))
def get_ceph_pools(self, sentry_unit):
"""Return a dict of ceph pools from a single ceph unit, with
pool name as keys, pool id as vals."""
pools = {}
cmd = 'sudo ceph osd lspools'
output, code = sentry_unit.run(cmd)
if code != 0:
msg = ('{} `{}` returned {} '
'{}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
cmd, code, output))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
# Example output: 0 data,1 metadata,2 rbd,3 cinder,4 glance,
for pool in str(output).split(','):
pool_id_name = pool.split(' ')
if len(pool_id_name) == 2:
pool_id = pool_id_name[0]
pool_name = pool_id_name[1]
pools[pool_name] = int(pool_id)
self.log.debug('Pools on {}: {}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
pools))
return pools
def get_ceph_df(self, sentry_unit):
"""Return dict of ceph df json output, including ceph pool state.
:param sentry_unit: Pointer to amulet sentry instance (juju unit)
:returns: Dict of ceph df output
"""
cmd = 'sudo ceph df --format=json'
output, code = sentry_unit.run(cmd)
if code != 0:
msg = ('{} `{}` returned {} '
'{}'.format(sentry_unit.info['unit_name'],
cmd, code, output))
amulet.raise_status(amulet.FAIL, msg=msg)
return json.loads(output)
def get_ceph_pool_sample(self, sentry_unit, pool_id=0):
"""Take a sample of attributes of a ceph pool, returning ceph
pool name, object count and disk space used for the specified
pool ID number.
:param sentry_unit: Pointer to amulet sentry instance (juju unit)
:param pool_id: Ceph pool ID
:returns: List of pool name, object count, kb disk space used
"""
df = self.get_ceph_df(sentry_unit)
pool_name = df['pools'][pool_id]['name']
obj_count = df['pools'][pool_id]['stats']['objects']
kb_used = df['pools'][pool_id]['stats']['kb_used']
self.log.debug('Ceph {} pool (ID {}): {} objects, '
'{} kb used'.format(pool_name, pool_id,
obj_count, kb_used))
return pool_name, obj_count, kb_used
def validate_ceph_pool_samples(self, samples, sample_type="resource pool"):
"""Validate ceph pool samples taken over time, such as pool
object counts or pool kb used, before adding, after adding, and
after deleting items which affect those pool attributes. The
2nd element is expected to be greater than the 1st; 3rd is expected
to be less than the 2nd.
:param samples: List containing 3 data samples
:param sample_type: String for logging and usage context
:returns: None if successful, Failure message otherwise
"""
original, created, deleted = range(3)
if samples[created] <= samples[original] or \
samples[deleted] >= samples[created]:
return ('Ceph {} samples ({}) '
'unexpected.'.format(sample_type, samples))
else:
self.log.debug('Ceph {} samples (OK): '
'{}'.format(sample_type, samples))
return None