diff --git a/autobahn/asyncio/wamp.py b/autobahn/asyncio/wamp.py
index 87693af1..09e10efa 100644
--- a/autobahn/asyncio/wamp.py
+++ b/autobahn/asyncio/wamp.py
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 ###############################################################################
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
+import signal
 
 from autobahn.wamp import protocol
 from autobahn.wamp.types import ComponentConfig
@@ -158,8 +159,15 @@ class ApplicationRunner(object):
         txaio.use_asyncio()
         txaio.config.loop = loop
         coro = loop.create_connection(transport_factory, host, port, ssl=ssl)
-        loop.run_until_complete(coro)
+        (transport, protocol) = loop.run_until_complete(coro)
+        loop.add_signal_handler(signal.SIGTERM, loop.stop)
 
         # 4) now enter the asyncio event loop
-        loop.run_forever()
+        try:
+            loop.run_forever()
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            # wait until we send Goodbye if user hit ctrl-c
+            # (done outside this except so SIGTERM gets the same handling)
+            pass
+        loop.run_until_complete(protocol._session.leave())
         loop.close()
diff --git a/autobahn/twisted/test/test_application_runner.py b/autobahn/twisted/test/test_application_runner.py
index e5393765..de75a5e0 100644
--- a/autobahn/twisted/test/test_application_runner.py
+++ b/autobahn/twisted/test/test_application_runner.py
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ if os.environ.get('USE_TWISTED', False):
 
             # shouldn't have actually connected to anything
             # successfully, and the run() call shouldn't have inserted
-            # any of its own call/errbacks.
+            # any of its own call/errbacks. (except the cleanup handler)
             self.assertFalse(d.called)
-            self.assertEqual(0, len(d.callbacks))
+            self.assertEqual(1, len(d.callbacks))
 
             # neither reactor.run() NOR reactor.stop() should have been called
             # (just connectTCP() will have been called)
diff --git a/autobahn/twisted/wamp.py b/autobahn/twisted/wamp.py
index 2bfc04d7..7a242328 100644
--- a/autobahn/twisted/wamp.py
+++ b/autobahn/twisted/wamp.py
@@ -208,6 +208,16 @@ class ApplicationRunner(object):
 
         d = client.connect(transport_factory)
 
+        # as the reactor shuts down, we wish to wait until we've sent
+        # out our "Goodbye" message; leave() returns a Deferred that
+        # fires when the transport gets to STATE_CLOSED
+        def cleanup(proto):
+            if hasattr(proto, '_session') and proto._session is not None:
+                return proto._session.leave()
+        # if we connect successfully, the arg is a WampWebSocketClientProtocol
+        d.addCallback(lambda proto: reactor.addSystemEventTrigger(
+            'before', 'shutdown', cleanup, proto))
+
         # if the user didn't ask us to start the reactor, then they
         # get to deal with any connect errors themselves.
         if start_reactor:
diff --git a/autobahn/wamp/interfaces.py b/autobahn/wamp/interfaces.py
index ccfceadf..bef343c2 100644
--- a/autobahn/wamp/interfaces.py
+++ b/autobahn/wamp/interfaces.py
@@ -303,6 +303,8 @@ class ISession(object):
         :param message: An optional (human readable) closing message, intended for
                         logging purposes.
         :type message: str
+
+        :return: may return a Future/Deferred that fires when we've disconnected
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
diff --git a/autobahn/wamp/protocol.py b/autobahn/wamp/protocol.py
index 5a97d2ec..0b9c0f03 100644
--- a/autobahn/wamp/protocol.py
+++ b/autobahn/wamp/protocol.py
@@ -978,6 +978,8 @@ class ApplicationSession(BaseSession):
             msg = wamp.message.Goodbye(reason=reason, message=log_message)
             self._transport.send(msg)
             self._goodbye_sent = True
+            # deferred that fires when transport actually hits CLOSED
+            return self._transport.is_closed
         else:
             raise SessionNotReady(u"Already requested to close the session")
 
diff --git a/autobahn/wamp/test/test_runner.py b/autobahn/wamp/test/test_runner.py
index c9a4980b..adf2ba96 100644
--- a/autobahn/wamp/test/test_runner.py
+++ b/autobahn/wamp/test/test_runner.py
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ else:
             ApplicationRunner.
             '''
             loop = Mock()
-            loop.create_connection = Mock()
+            loop.run_until_complete = Mock(return_value=(Mock(), Mock()))
             with patch.object(asyncio, 'get_event_loop', return_value=loop):
                 ssl = {}
                 runner = ApplicationRunner('ws://127.0.0.1:8080/ws', 'realm',
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ else:
             ApplicationRunner and the websocket URL starts with "ws:".
             '''
             loop = Mock()
-            loop.create_connection = Mock()
+            loop.run_until_complete = Mock(return_value=(Mock(), Mock()))
             with patch.object(asyncio, 'get_event_loop', return_value=loop):
                 runner = ApplicationRunner('ws://127.0.0.1:8080/ws', 'realm')
                 runner.run('_unused_')
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ else:
             ApplicationRunner and the websocket URL starts with "wss:".
             '''
             loop = Mock()
-            loop.create_connection = Mock()
+            loop.run_until_complete = Mock(return_value=(Mock(), Mock()))
             with patch.object(asyncio, 'get_event_loop', return_value=loop):
                 runner = ApplicationRunner('wss://127.0.0.1:8080/wss', 'realm')
                 runner.run('_unused_')
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ else:
             but only a "ws:" URL.
             '''
             loop = Mock()
-            loop.create_connection = Mock()
+            loop.run_until_complete = Mock(return_value=(Mock(), Mock()))
             with patch.object(asyncio, 'get_event_loop', return_value=loop):
                 runner = ApplicationRunner('ws://127.0.0.1:8080/wss', 'realm',
                                            ssl=True)
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ else:
                 context = ssl.create_default_context()
 
             loop = Mock()
-            loop.create_connection = Mock()
+            loop.run_until_complete = Mock(return_value=(Mock(), Mock()))
             with patch.object(asyncio, 'get_event_loop', return_value=loop):
                 runner = ApplicationRunner('ws://127.0.0.1:8080/wss', 'realm',
                                            ssl=context)
diff --git a/autobahn/wamp/websocket.py b/autobahn/wamp/websocket.py
index ed069d6e..39fefd5b 100644
--- a/autobahn/wamp/websocket.py
+++ b/autobahn/wamp/websocket.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #
 ###############################################################################
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
+from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function
 
 import traceback
 
@@ -79,9 +79,8 @@ class WampWebSocketProtocol(object):
                     print("WAMP-over-WebSocket transport lost: wasClean = {0}, code = {1}, reason = '{2}'".format(wasClean, code, reason))
                 self._session.onClose(wasClean)
             except Exception:
-                # silently ignore exceptions raised here ..
-                if self.factory.debug_wamp:
-                    traceback.print_exc()
+                print("Error invoking onClose():")
+                traceback.print_exc()
             self._session = None
 
     def onMessage(self, payload, isBinary):
diff --git a/autobahn/websocket/protocol.py b/autobahn/websocket/protocol.py
index 327c3924..27c469a9 100755
--- a/autobahn/websocket/protocol.py
+++ b/autobahn/websocket/protocol.py
@@ -660,6 +660,10 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(object):
    Configuration attributes specific to clients.
    """
 
+    def __init__(self):
+        #: a Future/Deferred that fires when we hit STATE_CLOSED
+        self.is_closed = txaio.create_future()
+
     def onOpen(self):
         """
         Implements :func:`autobahn.websocket.interfaces.IWebSocketChannel.onOpen`
@@ -967,7 +971,12 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(object):
             if self.debugCodePaths:
                 self.factory._log("dropping connection")
             self.droppedByMe = True
+
+            # this code-path will be hit (*without* hitting
+            # _connectionLost) in some timeout scenarios (unit-tests
+            # cover these). However, sometimes we hit both.
             self.state = WebSocketProtocol.STATE_CLOSED
+            txaio.resolve(self.is_closed, self)
 
             self._closeConnection(abort)
         else:
@@ -1218,7 +1227,12 @@ class WebSocketProtocol(object):
             self.autoPingTimeoutCall.cancel()
             self.autoPingTimeoutCall = None
 
-        self.state = WebSocketProtocol.STATE_CLOSED
+        # check required here because in some scenarios dropConnection
+        # will already have resolved the Future/Deferred.
+        if self.state != WebSocketProtocol.STATE_CLOSED:
+            self.state = WebSocketProtocol.STATE_CLOSED
+            txaio.resolve(self.is_closed, self)
+
         if self.wasServingFlashSocketPolicyFile:
             if self.debug:
                 self.factory._log("connection dropped after serving Flash Socket Policy File")