Files
deb-python-cassandra-driver/cqlengine/columns.py
2013-10-24 17:27:16 -07:00

874 lines
27 KiB
Python

#column field types
from copy import deepcopy
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import date
import re
from uuid import uuid1, uuid4
from cql.query import cql_quote
from cqlengine.exceptions import ValidationError
class BaseValueManager(object):
def __init__(self, instance, column, value):
self.instance = instance
self.column = column
self.previous_value = deepcopy(value)
self.value = value
@property
def deleted(self):
return self.value is None and self.previous_value is not None
@property
def changed(self):
"""
Indicates whether or not this value has changed.
:rtype: boolean
"""
return self.value != self.previous_value
def reset_previous_value(self):
self.previous_value = deepcopy(self.value)
def getval(self):
return self.value
def setval(self, val):
self.value = val
def delval(self):
self.value = None
def get_property(self):
_get = lambda slf: self.getval()
_set = lambda slf, val: self.setval(val)
_del = lambda slf: self.delval()
if self.column.can_delete:
return property(_get, _set, _del)
else:
return property(_get, _set)
class ValueQuoter(object):
"""
contains a single value, which will quote itself for CQL insertion statements
"""
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
def __str__(self):
raise NotImplementedError
def __repr__(self):
return self.__str__()
def __eq__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
return self.value == other.value
return False
class Column(object):
#the cassandra type this column maps to
db_type = None
value_manager = BaseValueManager
instance_counter = 0
def __init__(self,
primary_key=False,
partition_key=False,
index=False,
db_field=None,
default=None,
required=False,
clustering_order=None,
polymorphic_key=False):
"""
:param primary_key: bool flag, indicates this column is a primary key. The first primary key defined
on a model is the partition key (unless partition keys are set), all others are cluster keys
:param partition_key: indicates that this column should be the partition key, defining
more than one partition key column creates a compound partition key
:param index: bool flag, indicates an index should be created for this column
:param db_field: the fieldname this field will map to in the database
:param default: the default value, can be a value or a callable (no args)
:param required: boolean, is the field required? Model validation will raise and
exception if required is set to True and there is a None value assigned
:param clustering_order: only applicable on clustering keys (primary keys that are not partition keys)
determines the order that the clustering keys are sorted on disk
:param polymorphic_key: boolean, if set to True, this column will be used for saving and loading instances
of polymorphic tables
"""
self.partition_key = partition_key
self.primary_key = partition_key or primary_key
self.index = index
self.db_field = db_field
self.default = default
self.required = required
self.clustering_order = clustering_order
self.polymorphic_key = polymorphic_key
#the column name in the model definition
self.column_name = None
self.value = None
#keep track of instantiation order
self.position = Column.instance_counter
Column.instance_counter += 1
def validate(self, value):
"""
Returns a cleaned and validated value. Raises a ValidationError
if there's a problem
"""
if value is None:
if self.has_default:
return self.get_default()
elif self.required:
raise ValidationError('{} - None values are not allowed'.format(self.column_name or self.db_field))
return value
def to_python(self, value):
"""
Converts data from the database into python values
raises a ValidationError if the value can't be converted
"""
return value
def to_database(self, value):
"""
Converts python value into database value
"""
if value is None and self.has_default:
return self.get_default()
return value
@property
def has_default(self):
return self.default is not None
@property
def is_primary_key(self):
return self.primary_key
@property
def can_delete(self):
return not self.primary_key
def get_default(self):
if self.has_default:
if callable(self.default):
return self.default()
else:
return self.default
def get_column_def(self):
"""
Returns a column definition for CQL table definition
"""
return '{} {}'.format(self.cql, self.db_type)
def set_column_name(self, name):
"""
Sets the column name during document class construction
This value will be ignored if db_field is set in __init__
"""
self.column_name = name
@property
def db_field_name(self):
""" Returns the name of the cql name of this column """
return self.db_field or self.column_name
@property
def db_index_name(self):
""" Returns the name of the cql index """
return 'index_{}'.format(self.db_field_name)
@property
def cql(self):
return self.get_cql()
def get_cql(self):
return '"{}"'.format(self.db_field_name)
def _val_is_null(self, val):
""" determines if the given value equates to a null value for the given column type """
return val is None
class Bytes(Column):
db_type = 'blob'
def to_database(self, value):
val = super(Bytes, self).to_database(value)
if val is None: return
return val.encode('hex')
class Ascii(Column):
db_type = 'ascii'
class Text(Column):
db_type = 'text'
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.min_length = kwargs.pop('min_length', 1 if kwargs.get('required', False) else None)
self.max_length = kwargs.pop('max_length', None)
super(Text, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def validate(self, value):
value = super(Text, self).validate(value)
if value is None: return
if not isinstance(value, (basestring, bytearray)) and value is not None:
raise ValidationError('{} is not a string'.format(type(value)))
if self.max_length:
if len(value) > self.max_length:
raise ValidationError('{} is longer than {} characters'.format(self.column_name, self.max_length))
if self.min_length:
if len(value) < self.min_length:
raise ValidationError('{} is shorter than {} characters'.format(self.column_name, self.min_length))
return value
class Integer(Column):
db_type = 'int'
def validate(self, value):
val = super(Integer, self).validate(value)
if val is None: return
try:
return long(val)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
raise ValidationError("{} can't be converted to integral value".format(value))
def to_python(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
def to_database(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
class BigInt(Integer):
db_type = 'bigint'
class VarInt(Column):
db_type = 'varint'
def validate(self, value):
val = super(VarInt, self).validate(value)
if val is None:
return
try:
return long(val)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
raise ValidationError(
"{} can't be converted to integral value".format(value))
def to_python(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
def to_database(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
class CounterValueManager(BaseValueManager):
def __init__(self, instance, column, value):
super(CounterValueManager, self).__init__(instance, column, value)
self.value = self.value or 0
self.previous_value = self.previous_value or 0
class Counter(Integer):
db_type = 'counter'
value_manager = CounterValueManager
def __init__(self,
index=False,
db_field=None,
required=False):
super(Counter, self).__init__(
primary_key=False,
partition_key=False,
index=index,
db_field=db_field,
default=0,
required=required,
)
def get_update_statement(self, val, prev, ctx):
val = self.to_database(val)
prev = self.to_database(prev or 0)
field_id = uuid4().hex
delta = val - prev
sign = '-' if delta < 0 else '+'
delta = abs(delta)
ctx[field_id] = delta
return ['"{0}" = "{0}" {1} {2}'.format(self.db_field_name, sign, delta)]
class DateTime(Column):
db_type = 'timestamp'
def to_python(self, value):
if isinstance(value, datetime):
return value
elif isinstance(value, date):
return datetime(*(value.timetuple()[:6]))
return datetime.utcfromtimestamp(value)
def to_database(self, value):
value = super(DateTime, self).to_database(value)
if value is None: return
if not isinstance(value, datetime):
if isinstance(value, date):
value = datetime(value.year, value.month, value.day)
else:
raise ValidationError("'{}' is not a datetime object".format(value))
epoch = datetime(1970, 1, 1, tzinfo=value.tzinfo)
offset = epoch.tzinfo.utcoffset(epoch).total_seconds() if epoch.tzinfo else 0
return long(((value - epoch).total_seconds() - offset) * 1000)
class Date(Column):
db_type = 'timestamp'
def to_python(self, value):
if isinstance(value, datetime):
return value.date()
elif isinstance(value, date):
return value
return datetime.utcfromtimestamp(value).date()
def to_database(self, value):
value = super(Date, self).to_database(value)
if isinstance(value, datetime):
value = value.date()
if not isinstance(value, date):
raise ValidationError("'{}' is not a date object".format(repr(value)))
return long((value - date(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds() * 1000)
class UUID(Column):
"""
Type 1 or 4 UUID
"""
db_type = 'uuid'
re_uuid = re.compile(r'[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12}')
def validate(self, value):
val = super(UUID, self).validate(value)
if val is None: return
from uuid import UUID as _UUID
if isinstance(val, _UUID): return val
if isinstance(val, basestring) and self.re_uuid.match(val):
return _UUID(val)
raise ValidationError("{} is not a valid uuid".format(value))
def to_python(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
def to_database(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
from uuid import UUID as pyUUID, getnode
class TimeUUID(UUID):
"""
UUID containing timestamp
"""
db_type = 'timeuuid'
@classmethod
def from_datetime(self, dt):
"""
generates a UUID for a given datetime
:param dt: datetime
:type dt: datetime
:return:
"""
global _last_timestamp
epoch = datetime(1970, 1, 1, tzinfo=dt.tzinfo)
offset = epoch.tzinfo.utcoffset(epoch).total_seconds() if epoch.tzinfo else 0
timestamp = (dt - epoch).total_seconds() - offset
node = None
clock_seq = None
nanoseconds = int(timestamp * 1e9)
timestamp = int(nanoseconds // 100) + 0x01b21dd213814000L
if clock_seq is None:
import random
clock_seq = random.randrange(1 << 14L) # instead of stable storage
time_low = timestamp & 0xffffffffL
time_mid = (timestamp >> 32L) & 0xffffL
time_hi_version = (timestamp >> 48L) & 0x0fffL
clock_seq_low = clock_seq & 0xffL
clock_seq_hi_variant = (clock_seq >> 8L) & 0x3fL
if node is None:
node = getnode()
return pyUUID(fields=(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_version,
clock_seq_hi_variant, clock_seq_low, node), version=1)
class Boolean(Column):
db_type = 'boolean'
class Quoter(ValueQuoter):
""" Cassandra 1.2.5 is stricter about boolean values """
def __str__(self):
return 'true' if self.value else 'false'
def to_python(self, value):
return bool(value)
def to_database(self, value):
return self.Quoter(bool(value))
class Float(Column):
db_type = 'double'
def __init__(self, double_precision=True, **kwargs):
self.db_type = 'double' if double_precision else 'float'
super(Float, self).__init__(**kwargs)
def validate(self, value):
value = super(Float, self).validate(value)
if value is None: return
try:
return float(value)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
raise ValidationError("{} is not a valid float".format(value))
def to_python(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
def to_database(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
class Decimal(Column):
db_type = 'decimal'
def validate(self, value):
from decimal import Decimal as _Decimal
from decimal import InvalidOperation
val = super(Decimal, self).validate(value)
if val is None: return
try:
return _Decimal(val)
except InvalidOperation:
raise ValidationError("'{}' can't be coerced to decimal".format(val))
def to_python(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
def to_database(self, value):
return self.validate(value)
class BaseContainerColumn(Column):
"""
Base Container type
"""
def __init__(self, value_type, **kwargs):
"""
:param value_type: a column class indicating the types of the value
"""
inheritance_comparator = issubclass if isinstance(value_type, type) else isinstance
if not inheritance_comparator(value_type, Column):
raise ValidationError('value_type must be a column class')
if inheritance_comparator(value_type, BaseContainerColumn):
raise ValidationError('container types cannot be nested')
if value_type.db_type is None:
raise ValidationError('value_type cannot be an abstract column type')
if isinstance(value_type, type):
self.value_type = value_type
self.value_col = self.value_type()
else:
self.value_col = value_type
self.value_type = self.value_col.__class__
super(BaseContainerColumn, self).__init__(**kwargs)
def get_column_def(self):
"""
Returns a column definition for CQL table definition
"""
db_type = self.db_type.format(self.value_type.db_type)
return '{} {}'.format(self.db_field_name, db_type)
def get_update_statement(self, val, prev, ctx):
"""
Used to add partial update statements
"""
raise NotImplementedError
def _val_is_null(self, val):
return not val
class BaseContainerQuoter(ValueQuoter):
def __nonzero__(self):
return bool(self.value)
class Set(BaseContainerColumn):
"""
Stores a set of unordered, unique values
http://www.datastax.com/docs/1.2/cql_cli/using/collections
"""
db_type = 'set<{}>'
class Quoter(BaseContainerQuoter):
def __str__(self):
cq = cql_quote
return '{' + ', '.join([cq(v) for v in self.value]) + '}'
def __init__(self, value_type, strict=True, default=set, **kwargs):
"""
:param value_type: a column class indicating the types of the value
:param strict: sets whether non set values will be coerced to set
type on validation, or raise a validation error, defaults to True
"""
self.strict = strict
super(Set, self).__init__(value_type, default=default, **kwargs)
def validate(self, value):
val = super(Set, self).validate(value)
if val is None: return
types = (set,) if self.strict else (set, list, tuple)
if not isinstance(val, types):
if self.strict:
raise ValidationError('{} is not a set object'.format(val))
else:
raise ValidationError('{} cannot be coerced to a set object'.format(val))
return {self.value_col.validate(v) for v in val}
def to_python(self, value):
if value is None: return set()
return {self.value_col.to_python(v) for v in value}
def to_database(self, value):
if value is None: return None
if isinstance(value, self.Quoter): return value
return self.Quoter({self.value_col.to_database(v) for v in value})
def get_update_statement(self, val, prev, ctx):
"""
Returns statements that will be added to an object's update statement
also updates the query context
:param val: the current column value
:param prev: the previous column value
:param ctx: the values that will be passed to the query
:rtype: list
"""
# remove from Quoter containers, if applicable
val = self.to_database(val)
prev = self.to_database(prev)
if isinstance(val, self.Quoter): val = val.value
if isinstance(prev, self.Quoter): prev = prev.value
if val is None or val == prev:
# don't return anything if the new value is the same as
# the old one, or if the new value is none
return []
elif prev is None or not any({v in prev for v in val}):
field = uuid1().hex
ctx[field] = self.Quoter(val)
return ['"{}" = :{}'.format(self.db_field_name, field)]
else:
# partial update time
to_create = val - prev
to_delete = prev - val
statements = []
if to_create:
field_id = uuid1().hex
ctx[field_id] = self.Quoter(to_create)
statements += ['"{0}" = "{0}" + :{1}'.format(self.db_field_name, field_id)]
if to_delete:
field_id = uuid1().hex
ctx[field_id] = self.Quoter(to_delete)
statements += ['"{0}" = "{0}" - :{1}'.format(self.db_field_name, field_id)]
return statements
class List(BaseContainerColumn):
"""
Stores a list of ordered values
http://www.datastax.com/docs/1.2/cql_cli/using/collections_list
"""
db_type = 'list<{}>'
class Quoter(BaseContainerQuoter):
def __str__(self):
cq = cql_quote
return '[' + ', '.join([cq(v) for v in self.value]) + ']'
def __nonzero__(self):
return bool(self.value)
def __init__(self, value_type, default=set, **kwargs):
return super(List, self).__init__(value_type=value_type, default=default, **kwargs)
def validate(self, value):
val = super(List, self).validate(value)
if val is None: return
if not isinstance(val, (set, list, tuple)):
raise ValidationError('{} is not a list object'.format(val))
return [self.value_col.validate(v) for v in val]
def to_python(self, value):
if value is None: return []
return [self.value_col.to_python(v) for v in value]
def to_database(self, value):
if value is None: return None
if isinstance(value, self.Quoter): return value
return self.Quoter([self.value_col.to_database(v) for v in value])
def get_update_statement(self, val, prev, values):
"""
Returns statements that will be added to an object's update statement
also updates the query context
"""
# remove from Quoter containers, if applicable
val = self.to_database(val)
prev = self.to_database(prev)
if isinstance(val, self.Quoter): val = val.value
if isinstance(prev, self.Quoter): prev = prev.value
def _insert():
field_id = uuid1().hex
values[field_id] = self.Quoter(val)
return ['"{}" = :{}'.format(self.db_field_name, field_id)]
if val is None or val == prev:
return []
elif prev is None:
return _insert()
elif len(val) < len(prev):
# if elements have been removed,
# rewrite the whole list
return _insert()
elif len(prev) == 0:
# if we're updating from an empty
# list, do a complete insert
return _insert()
else:
# the prepend and append lists,
# if both of these are still None after looking
# at both lists, an insert statement will be returned
prepend = None
append = None
# the max start idx we want to compare
search_space = len(val) - max(0, len(prev)-1)
# the size of the sub lists we want to look at
search_size = len(prev)
for i in range(search_space):
#slice boundary
j = i + search_size
sub = val[i:j]
idx_cmp = lambda idx: prev[idx] == sub[idx]
if idx_cmp(0) and idx_cmp(-1) and prev == sub:
prepend = val[:i]
append = val[j:]
break
# create update statements
if prepend is append is None:
return _insert()
statements = []
if prepend:
field_id = uuid1().hex
# CQL seems to prepend element at a time, starting
# with the element at idx 0, we can either reverse
# it here, or have it inserted in reverse
prepend.reverse()
values[field_id] = self.Quoter(prepend)
statements += ['"{0}" = :{1} + "{0}"'.format(self.db_field_name, field_id)]
if append:
field_id = uuid1().hex
values[field_id] = self.Quoter(append)
statements += ['"{0}" = "{0}" + :{1}'.format(self.db_field_name, field_id)]
return statements
class Map(BaseContainerColumn):
"""
Stores a key -> value map (dictionary)
http://www.datastax.com/docs/1.2/cql_cli/using/collections_map
"""
db_type = 'map<{}, {}>'
class Quoter(BaseContainerQuoter):
def __str__(self):
cq = cql_quote
return '{' + ', '.join([cq(k) + ':' + cq(v) for k,v in self.value.items()]) + '}'
def __init__(self, key_type, value_type, default=dict, **kwargs):
"""
:param key_type: a column class indicating the types of the key
:param value_type: a column class indicating the types of the value
"""
inheritance_comparator = issubclass if isinstance(key_type, type) else isinstance
if not inheritance_comparator(key_type, Column):
raise ValidationError('key_type must be a column class')
if inheritance_comparator(key_type, BaseContainerColumn):
raise ValidationError('container types cannot be nested')
if key_type.db_type is None:
raise ValidationError('key_type cannot be an abstract column type')
if isinstance(key_type, type):
self.key_type = key_type
self.key_col = self.key_type()
else:
self.key_col = key_type
self.key_type = self.key_col.__class__
super(Map, self).__init__(value_type, default=default, **kwargs)
def get_column_def(self):
"""
Returns a column definition for CQL table definition
"""
db_type = self.db_type.format(
self.key_type.db_type,
self.value_type.db_type
)
return '{} {}'.format(self.db_field_name, db_type)
def validate(self, value):
val = super(Map, self).validate(value)
if val is None: return
if not isinstance(val, dict):
raise ValidationError('{} is not a dict object'.format(val))
return {self.key_col.validate(k):self.value_col.validate(v) for k,v in val.items()}
def to_python(self, value):
if value is None:
return {}
if value is not None:
return {self.key_col.to_python(k): self.value_col.to_python(v) for k,v in value.items()}
def to_database(self, value):
if value is None: return None
if isinstance(value, self.Quoter): return value
return self.Quoter({self.key_col.to_database(k):self.value_col.to_database(v) for k,v in value.items()})
def get_update_statement(self, val, prev, ctx):
"""
http://www.datastax.com/docs/1.2/cql_cli/using/collections_map#deletion
"""
# remove from Quoter containers, if applicable
val = self.to_database(val)
prev = self.to_database(prev)
if isinstance(val, self.Quoter): val = val.value
if isinstance(prev, self.Quoter): prev = prev.value
val = val or {}
prev = prev or {}
#get the updated map
update = {k:v for k,v in val.items() if v != prev.get(k)}
statements = []
for k,v in update.items():
key_id = uuid1().hex
val_id = uuid1().hex
ctx[key_id] = k
ctx[val_id] = v
statements += ['"{}"[:{}] = :{}'.format(self.db_field_name, key_id, val_id)]
return statements
def get_delete_statement(self, val, prev, ctx):
"""
Returns statements that will be added to an object's delete statement
also updates the query context, used for removing keys from a map
"""
if val is prev is None:
return []
val = self.to_database(val)
prev = self.to_database(prev)
if isinstance(val, self.Quoter): val = val.value
if isinstance(prev, self.Quoter): prev = prev.value
old_keys = set(prev.keys()) if prev else set()
new_keys = set(val.keys()) if val else set()
del_keys = old_keys - new_keys
del_statements = []
for key in del_keys:
field_id = uuid1().hex
ctx[field_id] = key
del_statements += ['"{}"[:{}]'.format(self.db_field_name, field_id)]
return del_statements
class _PartitionKeysToken(Column):
"""
virtual column representing token of partition columns.
Used by filter(pk__token=Token(...)) filters
"""
def __init__(self, model):
self.partition_columns = model._partition_keys.values()
super(_PartitionKeysToken, self).__init__(partition_key=True)
def to_database(self, value):
raise NotImplementedError
def get_cql(self):
return "token({})".format(", ".join(c.cql for c in self.partition_columns))