openstack/deb-python-eventlet
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c93279086c21b9f838e1f9c9b232d60317fcfc71
deb-python-eventlet/eventlet/green/http/client.py
Jakub Stasiak c93279086c Provide green http without undesired side effects 
The Eventlet patcher and the way we were patching multi-level http
package don't work well[1][2]. I spent a lot of time trying to make it
work but in the end every solution I came up with was breaking something
else and made the patching and providing green http even more
complicated - I wouldn't envy anyone having to debug it in the future.

After a lot of thinking I decided having our own copy of http with the
necessary modifications applied seems like the most straightforward and
the most reliable solution, even considering its downsides (we need to
keep it up to date ourselves and the API won't 100 % match the regular
http module API on older Python 3 versions as our bundled version is the
most recent one and has bug fixes and extra features implemented).

The code introduces by this commit comes from the following Python
commit (development branch):

commit 6251d66ba9a692d3adf5d2e6818b29ac44130787
Author: Xavier de Gaye <xdegaye@users.sourceforge.net>
Date:   2016-06-15 11:35:29 +0200

    Issue #26862: SYS_getdents64 does not need to be defined on android
    API 21.

Changes to the original http package code involve:

* Removing unnecessary import(s)
* Replacing some regular imports with eventlet.green imports
* Replacing fullmatch()[3] usage with match() so we stay Python 3.3
  compatible

I left urllib.parse imports intact as nothing there performs IO.

Green httplib module is also modified because it used to import
http.client using patcher which was breaking things the same way.

A new dependency, enum-compat, is added to ensure that the enum module
is present on Python 3.3 (the http package code comes the latest Python
development branch and uses enum).

[1] https://github.com/getsentry/raven-python/issues/703
[2] https://github.com/eventlet/eventlet/issues/316
[3] https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#re.fullmatch

This patch is contributed by Smarkets Limited.
2016-07-08 16:06:23 +02:00

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# This is part of Python source code with Eventlet-specific modifications.
#
# Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
# 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 Python Software Foundation; All Rights
# Reserved
#
# PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
# --------------------------------------------
#
# 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
# ("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
# otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
# its associated documentation.
#
# 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby
# grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,
# analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,
# distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version,
# provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright,
# i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
# 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 Python Software Foundation; All Rights
# Reserved" are retained in Python alone or in any derivative version prepared by
# Licensee.
#
# 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
# or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
# the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
# Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
# the changes made to Python.
#
# 4. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
# basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
# DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
# FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
# INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
#
# 5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
# FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
# A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
# OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
#
# 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
# breach of its terms and conditions.
#
# 7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
# relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
# Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
# trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
# products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
#
# 8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
# agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
# Agreement.
"""HTTP/1.1 client library
<intro stuff goes here>
<other stuff, too>
HTTPConnection goes through a number of "states", which define when a client
may legally make another request or fetch the response for a particular
request. This diagram details these state transitions:
(null)
|
| HTTPConnection()
v
Idle
|
| putrequest()
v
Request-started
|
| ( putheader() )* endheaders()
v
Request-sent
|\_____________________________
| | getresponse() raises
| response = getresponse() | ConnectionError
v v
Unread-response Idle
[Response-headers-read]
|\____________________
| |
| response.read() | putrequest()
v v
Idle Req-started-unread-response
______/|
/ |
response.read() | | ( putheader() )* endheaders()
v v
Request-started Req-sent-unread-response
|
| response.read()
v
Request-sent
This diagram presents the following rules:
-- a second request may not be started until {response-headers-read}
-- a response [object] cannot be retrieved until {request-sent}
-- there is no differentiation between an unread response body and a
partially read response body
Note: this enforcement is applied by the HTTPConnection class. The
HTTPResponse class does not enforce this state machine, which
implies sophisticated clients may accelerate the request/response
pipeline. Caution should be taken, though: accelerating the states
beyond the above pattern may imply knowledge of the server's
connection-close behavior for certain requests. For example, it
is impossible to tell whether the server will close the connection
UNTIL the response headers have been read; this means that further
requests cannot be placed into the pipeline until it is known that
the server will NOT be closing the connection.
Logical State __state __response
------------- ------- ----------
Idle _CS_IDLE None
Request-started _CS_REQ_STARTED None
Request-sent _CS_REQ_SENT None
Unread-response _CS_IDLE <response_class>
Req-started-unread-response _CS_REQ_STARTED <response_class>
Req-sent-unread-response _CS_REQ_SENT <response_class>
"""
import email.parser
import email.message
import io
import re
import collections
from urllib.parse import urlsplit
from eventlet.green import http, os, socket
# HTTPMessage, parse_headers(), and the HTTP status code constants are
# intentionally omitted for simplicity
__all__ = ["HTTPResponse", "HTTPConnection",
"HTTPException", "NotConnected", "UnknownProtocol",
"UnknownTransferEncoding", "UnimplementedFileMode",
"IncompleteRead", "InvalidURL", "ImproperConnectionState",
"CannotSendRequest", "CannotSendHeader", "ResponseNotReady",
"BadStatusLine", "LineTooLong", "RemoteDisconnected", "error",
"responses"]
HTTP_PORT = 80
HTTPS_PORT = 443
_UNKNOWN = 'UNKNOWN'
# connection states
_CS_IDLE = 'Idle'
_CS_REQ_STARTED = 'Request-started'
_CS_REQ_SENT = 'Request-sent'
# hack to maintain backwards compatibility
globals().update(http.HTTPStatus.__members__)
# another hack to maintain backwards compatibility
# Mapping status codes to official W3C names
responses = {v: v.phrase for v in http.HTTPStatus.__members__.values()}
# maximal amount of data to read at one time in _safe_read
MAXAMOUNT = 1048576
# maximal line length when calling readline().
_MAXLINE = 65536
_MAXHEADERS = 100
# Header name/value ABNF (http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2)
#
# VCHAR = %x21-7E
# obs-text = %x80-FF
# header-field = field-name ":" OWS field-value OWS
# field-name = token
# field-value = *( field-content / obs-fold )
# field-content = field-vchar [ 1*( SP / HTAB ) field-vchar ]
# field-vchar = VCHAR / obs-text
#
# obs-fold = CRLF 1*( SP / HTAB )
# ; obsolete line folding
# ; see Section 3.2.4
# token = 1*tchar
#
# tchar = "!" / "#" / "$" / "%" / "&" / "'" / "*"
# / "+" / "-" / "." / "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~"
# / DIGIT / ALPHA
# ; any VCHAR, except delimiters
#
# VCHAR defined in http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234#appendix-B.1
# the patterns for both name and value are more leniant than RFC
# definitions to allow for backwards compatibility
# Eventlet change: match used instead of fullmatch for Python 3.3 compatibility
_is_legal_header_name = re.compile(rb'[^:\s][^:\r\n]*\Z').match
_is_illegal_header_value = re.compile(rb'\n(?![ \t])|\r(?![ \t\n])').search
# We always set the Content-Length header for these methods because some
# servers will otherwise respond with a 411
_METHODS_EXPECTING_BODY = {'PATCH', 'POST', 'PUT'}
def _encode(data, name='data'):
"""Call data.encode("latin-1") but show a better error message."""
try:
return data.encode("latin-1")
except UnicodeEncodeError as err:
raise UnicodeEncodeError(
err.encoding,
err.object,
err.start,
err.end,
"%s (%.20r) is not valid Latin-1. Use %s.encode('utf-8') "
"if you want to send it encoded in UTF-8." %
(name.title(), data[err.start:err.end], name)) from None
class HTTPMessage(email.message.Message):
# XXX The only usage of this method is in
# http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler. Maybe move the code there so
# that it doesn't need to be part of the public API. The API has
# never been defined so this could cause backwards compatibility
# issues.
def getallmatchingheaders(self, name):
"""Find all header lines matching a given header name.
Look through the list of headers and find all lines matching a given
header name (and their continuation lines). A list of the lines is
returned, without interpretation. If the header does not occur, an
empty list is returned. If the header occurs multiple times, all
occurrences are returned. Case is not important in the header name.
"""
name = name.lower() + ':'
n = len(name)
lst = []
hit = 0
for line in self.keys():
if line[:n].lower() == name:
hit = 1
elif not line[:1].isspace():
hit = 0
if hit:
lst.append(line)
return lst
def parse_headers(fp, _class=HTTPMessage):
"""Parses only RFC2822 headers from a file pointer.
email Parser wants to see strings rather than bytes.
But a TextIOWrapper around self.rfile would buffer too many bytes
from the stream, bytes which we later need to read as bytes.
So we read the correct bytes here, as bytes, for email Parser
to parse.
"""
headers = []
while True:
line = fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("header line")
headers.append(line)
if len(headers) > _MAXHEADERS:
raise HTTPException("got more than %d headers" % _MAXHEADERS)
if line in (b'\r\n', b'\n', b''):
break
hstring = b''.join(headers).decode('iso-8859-1')
return email.parser.Parser(_class=_class).parsestr(hstring)
class HTTPResponse(io.BufferedIOBase):
# See RFC 2616 sec 19.6 and RFC 1945 sec 6 for details.
# The bytes from the socket object are iso-8859-1 strings.
# See RFC 2616 sec 2.2 which notes an exception for MIME-encoded
# text following RFC 2047. The basic status line parsing only
# accepts iso-8859-1.
def __init__(self, sock, debuglevel=0, method=None, url=None):
# If the response includes a content-length header, we need to
# make sure that the client doesn't read more than the
# specified number of bytes. If it does, it will block until
# the server times out and closes the connection. This will
# happen if a self.fp.read() is done (without a size) whether
# self.fp is buffered or not. So, no self.fp.read() by
# clients unless they know what they are doing.
self.fp = sock.makefile("rb")
self.debuglevel = debuglevel
self._method = method
# The HTTPResponse object is returned via urllib. The clients
# of http and urllib expect different attributes for the
# headers. headers is used here and supports urllib. msg is
# provided as a backwards compatibility layer for http
# clients.
self.headers = self.msg = None
# from the Status-Line of the response
self.version = _UNKNOWN # HTTP-Version
self.status = _UNKNOWN # Status-Code
self.reason = _UNKNOWN # Reason-Phrase
self.chunked = _UNKNOWN # is "chunked" being used?
self.chunk_left = _UNKNOWN # bytes left to read in current chunk
self.length = _UNKNOWN # number of bytes left in response
self.will_close = _UNKNOWN # conn will close at end of response
def _read_status(self):
line = str(self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1), "iso-8859-1")
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("status line")
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("reply:", repr(line))
if not line:
# Presumably, the server closed the connection before
# sending a valid response.
raise RemoteDisconnected("Remote end closed connection without"
" response")
try:
version, status, reason = line.split(None, 2)
except ValueError:
try:
version, status = line.split(None, 1)
reason = ""
except ValueError:
# empty version will cause next test to fail.
version = ""
if not version.startswith("HTTP/"):
self._close_conn()
raise BadStatusLine(line)
# The status code is a three-digit number
try:
status = int(status)
if status < 100 or status > 999:
raise BadStatusLine(line)
except ValueError:
raise BadStatusLine(line)
return version, status, reason
def begin(self):
if self.headers is not None:
# we've already started reading the response
return
# read until we get a non-100 response
while True:
version, status, reason = self._read_status()
if status != CONTINUE:
break
# skip the header from the 100 response
while True:
skip = self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(skip) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("header line")
skip = skip.strip()
if not skip:
break
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("header:", skip)
self.code = self.status = status
self.reason = reason.strip()
if version in ("HTTP/1.0", "HTTP/0.9"):
# Some servers might still return "0.9", treat it as 1.0 anyway
self.version = 10
elif version.startswith("HTTP/1."):
self.version = 11 # use HTTP/1.1 code for HTTP/1.x where x>=1
else:
raise UnknownProtocol(version)
self.headers = self.msg = parse_headers(self.fp)
if self.debuglevel > 0:
for hdr in self.headers:
print("header:", hdr, end=" ")
# are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding")
if tr_enc and tr_enc.lower() == "chunked":
self.chunked = True
self.chunk_left = None
else:
self.chunked = False
# will the connection close at the end of the response?
self.will_close = self._check_close()
# do we have a Content-Length?
# NOTE: RFC 2616, S4.4, #3 says we ignore this if tr_enc is "chunked"
self.length = None
length = self.headers.get("content-length")
# are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding")
if length and not self.chunked:
try:
self.length = int(length)
except ValueError:
self.length = None
else:
if self.length < 0: # ignore nonsensical negative lengths
self.length = None
else:
self.length = None
# does the body have a fixed length? (of zero)
if (status == NO_CONTENT or status == NOT_MODIFIED or
100 <= status < 200 or # 1xx codes
self._method == "HEAD"):
self.length = 0
# if the connection remains open, and we aren't using chunked, and
# a content-length was not provided, then assume that the connection
# WILL close.
if (not self.will_close and
not self.chunked and
self.length is None):
self.will_close = True
def _check_close(self):
conn = self.headers.get("connection")
if self.version == 11:
# An HTTP/1.1 proxy is assumed to stay open unless
# explicitly closed.
conn = self.headers.get("connection")
if conn and "close" in conn.lower():
return True
return False
# Some HTTP/1.0 implementations have support for persistent
# connections, using rules different than HTTP/1.1.
# For older HTTP, Keep-Alive indicates persistent connection.
if self.headers.get("keep-alive"):
return False
# At least Akamai returns a "Connection: Keep-Alive" header,
# which was supposed to be sent by the client.
if conn and "keep-alive" in conn.lower():
return False
# Proxy-Connection is a netscape hack.
pconn = self.headers.get("proxy-connection")
if pconn and "keep-alive" in pconn.lower():
return False
# otherwise, assume it will close
return True
def _close_conn(self):
fp = self.fp
self.fp = None
fp.close()
def close(self):
try:
super().close() # set "closed" flag
finally:
if self.fp:
self._close_conn()
# These implementations are for the benefit of io.BufferedReader.
# XXX This class should probably be revised to act more like
# the "raw stream" that BufferedReader expects.
def flush(self):
super().flush()
if self.fp:
self.fp.flush()
def readable(self):
"""Always returns True"""
return True
# End of "raw stream" methods
def isclosed(self):
"""True if the connection is closed."""
# NOTE: it is possible that we will not ever call self.close(). This
# case occurs when will_close is TRUE, length is None, and we
# read up to the last byte, but NOT past it.
#
# IMPLIES: if will_close is FALSE, then self.close() will ALWAYS be
# called, meaning self.isclosed() is meaningful.
return self.fp is None
def read(self, amt=None):
if self.fp is None:
return b""
if self._method == "HEAD":
self._close_conn()
return b""
if amt is not None:
# Amount is given, implement using readinto
b = bytearray(amt)
n = self.readinto(b)
return memoryview(b)[:n].tobytes()
else:
# Amount is not given (unbounded read) so we must check self.length
# and self.chunked
if self.chunked:
return self._readall_chunked()
if self.length is None:
s = self.fp.read()
else:
try:
s = self._safe_read(self.length)
except IncompleteRead:
self._close_conn()
raise
self.length = 0
self._close_conn() # we read everything
return s
def readinto(self, b):
"""Read up to len(b) bytes into bytearray b and return the number
of bytes read.
"""
if self.fp is None:
return 0
if self._method == "HEAD":
self._close_conn()
return 0
if self.chunked:
return self._readinto_chunked(b)
if self.length is not None:
if len(b) > self.length:
# clip the read to the "end of response"
b = memoryview(b)[0:self.length]
# we do not use _safe_read() here because this may be a .will_close
# connection, and the user is reading more bytes than will be provided
# (for example, reading in 1k chunks)
n = self.fp.readinto(b)
if not n and b:
# Ideally, we would raise IncompleteRead if the content-length
# wasn't satisfied, but it might break compatibility.
self._close_conn()
elif self.length is not None:
self.length -= n
if not self.length:
self._close_conn()
return n
def _read_next_chunk_size(self):
# Read the next chunk size from the file
line = self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("chunk size")
i = line.find(b";")
if i >= 0:
line = line[:i] # strip chunk-extensions
try:
return int(line, 16)
except ValueError:
# close the connection as protocol synchronisation is
# probably lost
self._close_conn()
raise
def _read_and_discard_trailer(self):
# read and discard trailer up to the CRLF terminator
### note: we shouldn't have any trailers!
while True:
line = self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("trailer line")
if not line:
# a vanishingly small number of sites EOF without
# sending the trailer
break
if line in (b'\r\n', b'\n', b''):
break
def _get_chunk_left(self):
# return self.chunk_left, reading a new chunk if necessary.
# chunk_left == 0: at the end of the current chunk, need to close it
# chunk_left == None: No current chunk, should read next.
# This function returns non-zero or None if the last chunk has
# been read.
chunk_left = self.chunk_left
if not chunk_left: # Can be 0 or None
if chunk_left is not None:
# We are at the end of chunk. dicard chunk end
self._safe_read(2) # toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk
try:
chunk_left = self._read_next_chunk_size()
except ValueError:
raise IncompleteRead(b'')
if chunk_left == 0:
# last chunk: 1*("0") [ chunk-extension ] CRLF
self._read_and_discard_trailer()
# we read everything; close the "file"
self._close_conn()
chunk_left = None
self.chunk_left = chunk_left
return chunk_left
def _readall_chunked(self):
assert self.chunked != _UNKNOWN
value = []
try:
while True:
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
if chunk_left is None:
break
value.append(self._safe_read(chunk_left))
self.chunk_left = 0
return b''.join(value)
except IncompleteRead:
raise IncompleteRead(b''.join(value))
def _readinto_chunked(self, b):
assert self.chunked != _UNKNOWN
total_bytes = 0
mvb = memoryview(b)
try:
while True:
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
if chunk_left is None:
return total_bytes
if len(mvb) <= chunk_left:
n = self._safe_readinto(mvb)
self.chunk_left = chunk_left - n
return total_bytes + n
temp_mvb = mvb[:chunk_left]
n = self._safe_readinto(temp_mvb)
mvb = mvb[n:]
total_bytes += n
self.chunk_left = 0
except IncompleteRead:
raise IncompleteRead(bytes(b[0:total_bytes]))
def _safe_read(self, amt):
"""Read the number of bytes requested, compensating for partial reads.
Normally, we have a blocking socket, but a read() can be interrupted
by a signal (resulting in a partial read).
Note that we cannot distinguish between EOF and an interrupt when zero
bytes have been read. IncompleteRead() will be raised in this
situation.
This function should be used when <amt> bytes "should" be present for
reading. If the bytes are truly not available (due to EOF), then the
IncompleteRead exception can be used to detect the problem.
"""
s = []
while amt > 0:
chunk = self.fp.read(min(amt, MAXAMOUNT))
if not chunk:
raise IncompleteRead(b''.join(s), amt)
s.append(chunk)
amt -= len(chunk)
return b"".join(s)
def _safe_readinto(self, b):
"""Same as _safe_read, but for reading into a buffer."""
total_bytes = 0
mvb = memoryview(b)
while total_bytes < len(b):
if MAXAMOUNT < len(mvb):
temp_mvb = mvb[0:MAXAMOUNT]
n = self.fp.readinto(temp_mvb)
else:
n = self.fp.readinto(mvb)
if not n:
raise IncompleteRead(bytes(mvb[0:total_bytes]), len(b))
mvb = mvb[n:]
total_bytes += n
return total_bytes
def read1(self, n=-1):
"""Read with at most one underlying system call. If at least one
byte is buffered, return that instead.
"""
if self.fp is None or self._method == "HEAD":
return b""
if self.chunked:
return self._read1_chunked(n)
if self.length is not None and (n < 0 or n > self.length):
n = self.length
try:
result = self.fp.read1(n)
except ValueError:
if n >= 0:
raise
# some implementations, like BufferedReader, don't support -1
# Read an arbitrarily selected largeish chunk.
result = self.fp.read1(16*1024)
if not result and n:
self._close_conn()
elif self.length is not None:
self.length -= len(result)
return result
def peek(self, n=-1):
# Having this enables IOBase.readline() to read more than one
# byte at a time
if self.fp is None or self._method == "HEAD":
return b""
if self.chunked:
return self._peek_chunked(n)
return self.fp.peek(n)
def readline(self, limit=-1):
if self.fp is None or self._method == "HEAD":
return b""
if self.chunked:
# Fallback to IOBase readline which uses peek() and read()
return super().readline(limit)
if self.length is not None and (limit < 0 or limit > self.length):
limit = self.length
result = self.fp.readline(limit)
if not result and limit:
self._close_conn()
elif self.length is not None:
self.length -= len(result)
return result
def _read1_chunked(self, n):
# Strictly speaking, _get_chunk_left() may cause more than one read,
# but that is ok, since that is to satisfy the chunked protocol.
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
if chunk_left is None or n == 0:
return b''
if not (0 <= n <= chunk_left):
n = chunk_left # if n is negative or larger than chunk_left
read = self.fp.read1(n)
self.chunk_left -= len(read)
if not read:
raise IncompleteRead(b"")
return read
def _peek_chunked(self, n):
# Strictly speaking, _get_chunk_left() may cause more than one read,
# but that is ok, since that is to satisfy the chunked protocol.
try:
chunk_left = self._get_chunk_left()
except IncompleteRead:
return b'' # peek doesn't worry about protocol
if chunk_left is None:
return b'' # eof
# peek is allowed to return more than requested. Just request the
# entire chunk, and truncate what we get.
return self.fp.peek(chunk_left)[:chunk_left]
def fileno(self):
return self.fp.fileno()
def getheader(self, name, default=None):
'''Returns the value of the header matching *name*.
If there are multiple matching headers, the values are
combined into a single string separated by commas and spaces.
If no matching header is found, returns *default* or None if
the *default* is not specified.
If the headers are unknown, raises http.client.ResponseNotReady.
'''
if self.headers is None:
raise ResponseNotReady()
headers = self.headers.get_all(name) or default
if isinstance(headers, str) or not hasattr(headers, '__iter__'):
return headers
else:
return ', '.join(headers)
def getheaders(self):
"""Return list of (header, value) tuples."""
if self.headers is None:
raise ResponseNotReady()
return list(self.headers.items())
# We override IOBase.__iter__ so that it doesn't check for closed-ness
def __iter__(self):
return self
# For compatibility with old-style urllib responses.
def info(self):
'''Returns an instance of the class mimetools.Message containing
meta-information associated with the URL.
When the method is HTTP, these headers are those returned by
the server at the head of the retrieved HTML page (including
Content-Length and Content-Type).
When the method is FTP, a Content-Length header will be
present if (as is now usual) the server passed back a file
length in response to the FTP retrieval request. A
Content-Type header will be present if the MIME type can be
guessed.
When the method is local-file, returned headers will include
a Date representing the file's last-modified time, a
Content-Length giving file size, and a Content-Type
containing a guess at the file's type. See also the
description of the mimetools module.
'''
return self.headers
def geturl(self):
'''Return the real URL of the page.
In some cases, the HTTP server redirects a client to another
URL. The urlopen() function handles this transparently, but in
some cases the caller needs to know which URL the client was
redirected to. The geturl() method can be used to get at this
redirected URL.
'''
return self.url
def getcode(self):
'''Return the HTTP status code that was sent with the response,
or None if the URL is not an HTTP URL.
'''
return self.status
class HTTPConnection:
_http_vsn = 11
_http_vsn_str = 'HTTP/1.1'
response_class = HTTPResponse
default_port = HTTP_PORT
auto_open = 1
debuglevel = 0
def __init__(self, host, port=None, timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
source_address=None):
self.timeout = timeout
self.source_address = source_address
self.sock = None
self._buffer = []
self.__response = None
self.__state = _CS_IDLE
self._method = None
self._tunnel_host = None
self._tunnel_port = None
self._tunnel_headers = {}
(self.host, self.port) = self._get_hostport(host, port)
# This is stored as an instance variable to allow unit
# tests to replace it with a suitable mockup
self._create_connection = socket.create_connection
def set_tunnel(self, host, port=None, headers=None):
"""Set up host and port for HTTP CONNECT tunnelling.
In a connection that uses HTTP CONNECT tunneling, the host passed to the
constructor is used as a proxy server that relays all communication to
the endpoint passed to `set_tunnel`. This done by sending an HTTP
CONNECT request to the proxy server when the connection is established.
This method must be called before the HTML connection has been
established.
The headers argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP headers to send
with the CONNECT request.
"""
if self.sock:
raise RuntimeError("Can't set up tunnel for established connection")
self._tunnel_host, self._tunnel_port = self._get_hostport(host, port)
if headers:
self._tunnel_headers = headers
else:
self._tunnel_headers.clear()
def _get_hostport(self, host, port):
if port is None:
i = host.rfind(':')
j = host.rfind(']') # ipv6 addresses have [...]
if i > j:
try:
port = int(host[i+1:])
except ValueError:
if host[i+1:] == "": # http://foo.com:/ == http://foo.com/
port = self.default_port
else:
raise InvalidURL("nonnumeric port: '%s'" % host[i+1:])
host = host[:i]
else:
port = self.default_port
if host and host[0] == '[' and host[-1] == ']':
host = host[1:-1]
return (host, port)
def set_debuglevel(self, level):
self.debuglevel = level
def _tunnel(self):
connect_str = "CONNECT %s:%d HTTP/1.0\r\n" % (self._tunnel_host,
self._tunnel_port)
connect_bytes = connect_str.encode("ascii")
self.send(connect_bytes)
for header, value in self._tunnel_headers.items():
header_str = "%s: %s\r\n" % (header, value)
header_bytes = header_str.encode("latin-1")
self.send(header_bytes)
self.send(b'\r\n')
response = self.response_class(self.sock, method=self._method)
(version, code, message) = response._read_status()
if code != http.HTTPStatus.OK:
self.close()
raise OSError("Tunnel connection failed: %d %s" % (code,
message.strip()))
while True:
line = response.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1)
if len(line) > _MAXLINE:
raise LineTooLong("header line")
if not line:
# for sites which EOF without sending a trailer
break
if line in (b'\r\n', b'\n', b''):
break
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print('header:', line.decode())
def connect(self):
"""Connect to the host and port specified in __init__."""
self.sock = self._create_connection(
(self.host,self.port), self.timeout, self.source_address)
self.sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
if self._tunnel_host:
self._tunnel()
def close(self):
"""Close the connection to the HTTP server."""
self.__state = _CS_IDLE
try:
sock = self.sock
if sock:
self.sock = None
sock.close() # close it manually... there may be other refs
finally:
response = self.__response
if response:
self.__response = None
response.close()
def send(self, data):
"""Send `data' to the server.
``data`` can be a string object, a bytes object, an array object, a
file-like object that supports a .read() method, or an iterable object.
"""
if self.sock is None:
if self.auto_open:
self.connect()
else:
raise NotConnected()
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("send:", repr(data))
blocksize = 8192
if hasattr(data, "read") :
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("sendIng a read()able")
encode = False
try:
mode = data.mode
except AttributeError:
# io.BytesIO and other file-like objects don't have a `mode`
# attribute.
pass
else:
if "b" not in mode:
encode = True
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print("encoding file using iso-8859-1")
while 1:
datablock = data.read(blocksize)
if not datablock:
break
if encode:
datablock = datablock.encode("iso-8859-1")
self.sock.sendall(datablock)
return
try:
self.sock.sendall(data)
except TypeError:
if isinstance(data, collections.Iterable):
for d in data:
self.sock.sendall(d)
else:
raise TypeError("data should be a bytes-like object "
"or an iterable, got %r" % type(data))
def _output(self, s):
"""Add a line of output to the current request buffer.
Assumes that the line does *not* end with \\r\\n.
"""
self._buffer.append(s)
def _send_output(self, message_body=None):
"""Send the currently buffered request and clear the buffer.
Appends an extra \\r\\n to the buffer.
A message_body may be specified, to be appended to the request.
"""
self._buffer.extend((b"", b""))
msg = b"\r\n".join(self._buffer)
del self._buffer[:]
self.send(msg)
if message_body is not None:
self.send(message_body)
def putrequest(self, method, url, skip_host=0, skip_accept_encoding=0):
"""Send a request to the server.
`method' specifies an HTTP request method, e.g. 'GET'.
`url' specifies the object being requested, e.g. '/index.html'.
`skip_host' if True does not add automatically a 'Host:' header
`skip_accept_encoding' if True does not add automatically an
'Accept-Encoding:' header
"""
# if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it.
if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed():
self.__response = None
# in certain cases, we cannot issue another request on this connection.
# this occurs when:
# 1) we are in the process of sending a request. (_CS_REQ_STARTED)
# 2) a response to a previous request has signalled that it is going
# to close the connection upon completion.
# 3) the headers for the previous response have not been read, thus
# we cannot determine whether point (2) is true. (_CS_REQ_SENT)
#
# if there is no prior response, then we can request at will.
#
# if point (2) is true, then we will have passed the socket to the
# response (effectively meaning, "there is no prior response"), and
# will open a new one when a new request is made.
#
# Note: if a prior response exists, then we *can* start a new request.
# We are not allowed to begin fetching the response to this new
# request, however, until that prior response is complete.
#
if self.__state == _CS_IDLE:
self.__state = _CS_REQ_STARTED
else:
raise CannotSendRequest(self.__state)
# Save the method we use, we need it later in the response phase
self._method = method
if not url:
url = '/'
request = '%s %s %s' % (method, url, self._http_vsn_str)
# Non-ASCII characters should have been eliminated earlier
self._output(request.encode('ascii'))
if self._http_vsn == 11:
# Issue some standard headers for better HTTP/1.1 compliance
if not skip_host:
# this header is issued *only* for HTTP/1.1
# connections. more specifically, this means it is
# only issued when the client uses the new
# HTTPConnection() class. backwards-compat clients
# will be using HTTP/1.0 and those clients may be
# issuing this header themselves. we should NOT issue
# it twice; some web servers (such as Apache) barf
# when they see two Host: headers
# If we need a non-standard port,include it in the
# header. If the request is going through a proxy,
# but the host of the actual URL, not the host of the
# proxy.
netloc = ''
if url.startswith('http'):
nil, netloc, nil, nil, nil = urlsplit(url)
if netloc:
try:
netloc_enc = netloc.encode("ascii")
except UnicodeEncodeError:
netloc_enc = netloc.encode("idna")
self.putheader('Host', netloc_enc)
else:
if self._tunnel_host:
host = self._tunnel_host
port = self._tunnel_port
else:
host = self.host
port = self.port
try:
host_enc = host.encode("ascii")
except UnicodeEncodeError:
host_enc = host.encode("idna")
# As per RFC 273, IPv6 address should be wrapped with []
# when used as Host header
if host.find(':') >= 0:
host_enc = b'[' + host_enc + b']'
if port == self.default_port:
self.putheader('Host', host_enc)
else:
host_enc = host_enc.decode("ascii")
self.putheader('Host', "%s:%s" % (host_enc, port))
# note: we are assuming that clients will not attempt to set these
# headers since *this* library must deal with the
# consequences. this also means that when the supporting
# libraries are updated to recognize other forms, then this
# code should be changed (removed or updated).
# we only want a Content-Encoding of "identity" since we don't
# support encodings such as x-gzip or x-deflate.
if not skip_accept_encoding:
self.putheader('Accept-Encoding', 'identity')
# we can accept "chunked" Transfer-Encodings, but no others
# NOTE: no TE header implies *only* "chunked"
#self.putheader('TE', 'chunked')
# if TE is supplied in the header, then it must appear in a
# Connection header.
#self.putheader('Connection', 'TE')
else:
# For HTTP/1.0, the server will assume "not chunked"
pass
def putheader(self, header, *values):
"""Send a request header line to the server.
For example: h.putheader('Accept', 'text/html')
"""
if self.__state != _CS_REQ_STARTED:
raise CannotSendHeader()
if hasattr(header, 'encode'):
header = header.encode('ascii')
if not _is_legal_header_name(header):
raise ValueError('Invalid header name %r' % (header,))
values = list(values)
for i, one_value in enumerate(values):
if hasattr(one_value, 'encode'):
values[i] = one_value.encode('latin-1')
elif isinstance(one_value, int):
values[i] = str(one_value).encode('ascii')
if _is_illegal_header_value(values[i]):
raise ValueError('Invalid header value %r' % (values[i],))
value = b'\r\n\t'.join(values)
header = header + b': ' + value
self._output(header)
def endheaders(self, message_body=None):
"""Indicate that the last header line has been sent to the server.
This method sends the request to the server. The optional message_body
argument can be used to pass a message body associated with the
request. The message body will be sent in the same packet as the
message headers if it is a string, otherwise it is sent as a separate
packet.
"""
if self.__state == _CS_REQ_STARTED:
self.__state = _CS_REQ_SENT
else:
raise CannotSendHeader()
self._send_output(message_body)
def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers={}):
"""Send a complete request to the server."""
self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
def _set_content_length(self, body, method):
# Set the content-length based on the body. If the body is "empty", we
# set Content-Length: 0 for methods that expect a body (RFC 7230,
# Section 3.3.2). If the body is set for other methods, we set the
# header provided we can figure out what the length is.
thelen = None
method_expects_body = method.upper() in _METHODS_EXPECTING_BODY
if body is None and method_expects_body:
thelen = '0'
elif body is not None:
try:
thelen = str(len(body))
except TypeError:
# If this is a file-like object, try to
# fstat its file descriptor
try:
thelen = str(os.fstat(body.fileno()).st_size)
except (AttributeError, OSError):
# Don't send a length if this failed
if self.debuglevel > 0: print("Cannot stat!!")
if thelen is not None:
self.putheader('Content-Length', thelen)
def _send_request(self, method, url, body, headers):
# Honor explicitly requested Host: and Accept-Encoding: headers.
header_names = dict.fromkeys([k.lower() for k in headers])
skips = {}
if 'host' in header_names:
skips['skip_host'] = 1
if 'accept-encoding' in header_names:
skips['skip_accept_encoding'] = 1
self.putrequest(method, url, **skips)
if 'content-length' not in header_names:
self._set_content_length(body, method)
for hdr, value in headers.items():
self.putheader(hdr, value)
if isinstance(body, str):
# RFC 2616 Section 3.7.1 says that text default has a
# default charset of iso-8859-1.
body = _encode(body, 'body')
self.endheaders(body)
def getresponse(self):
"""Get the response from the server.
If the HTTPConnection is in the correct state, returns an
instance of HTTPResponse or of whatever object is returned by
the response_class variable.
If a request has not been sent or if a previous response has
not be handled, ResponseNotReady is raised. If the HTTP
response indicates that the connection should be closed, then
it will be closed before the response is returned. When the
connection is closed, the underlying socket is closed.
"""
# if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it.
if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed():
self.__response = None
# if a prior response exists, then it must be completed (otherwise, we
# cannot read this response's header to determine the connection-close
# behavior)
#
# note: if a prior response existed, but was connection-close, then the
# socket and response were made independent of this HTTPConnection
# object since a new request requires that we open a whole new
# connection
#
# this means the prior response had one of two states:
# 1) will_close: this connection was reset and the prior socket and
# response operate independently
# 2) persistent: the response was retained and we await its
# isclosed() status to become true.
#
if self.__state != _CS_REQ_SENT or self.__response:
raise ResponseNotReady(self.__state)
if self.debuglevel > 0:
response = self.response_class(self.sock, self.debuglevel,
method=self._method)
else:
response = self.response_class(self.sock, method=self._method)
try:
try:
response.begin()
except ConnectionError:
self.close()
raise
assert response.will_close != _UNKNOWN
self.__state = _CS_IDLE
if response.will_close:
# this effectively passes the connection to the response
self.close()
else:
# remember this, so we can tell when it is complete
self.__response = response
return response
except:
response.close()
raise
try:
import ssl
except ImportError:
pass
else:
class HTTPSConnection(HTTPConnection):
"This class allows communication via SSL."
default_port = HTTPS_PORT
# XXX Should key_file and cert_file be deprecated in favour of context?
def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
source_address=None, *, context=None,
check_hostname=None):
super(HTTPSConnection, self).__init__(host, port, timeout,
source_address)
self.key_file = key_file
self.cert_file = cert_file
if context is None:
context = ssl._create_default_https_context()
will_verify = context.verify_mode != ssl.CERT_NONE
if check_hostname is None:
check_hostname = context.check_hostname
if check_hostname and not will_verify:
raise ValueError("check_hostname needs a SSL context with "
"either CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED")
if key_file or cert_file:
context.load_cert_chain(cert_file, key_file)
self._context = context
self._check_hostname = check_hostname
def connect(self):
"Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port."
super().connect()
if self._tunnel_host:
server_hostname = self._tunnel_host
else:
server_hostname = self.host
self.sock = self._context.wrap_socket(self.sock,
server_hostname=server_hostname)
if not self._context.check_hostname and self._check_hostname:
try:
ssl.match_hostname(self.sock.getpeercert(), server_hostname)
except Exception:
self.sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
self.sock.close()
raise
__all__.append("HTTPSConnection")
class HTTPException(Exception):
# Subclasses that define an __init__ must call Exception.__init__
# or define self.args. Otherwise, str() will fail.
pass
class NotConnected(HTTPException):
pass
class InvalidURL(HTTPException):
pass
class UnknownProtocol(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, version):
self.args = version,
self.version = version
class UnknownTransferEncoding(HTTPException):
pass
class UnimplementedFileMode(HTTPException):
pass
class IncompleteRead(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, partial, expected=None):
self.args = partial,
self.partial = partial
self.expected = expected
def __repr__(self):
if self.expected is not None:
e = ', %i more expected' % self.expected
else:
e = ''
return '%s(%i bytes read%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__,
len(self.partial), e)
def __str__(self):
return repr(self)
class ImproperConnectionState(HTTPException):
pass
class CannotSendRequest(ImproperConnectionState):
pass
class CannotSendHeader(ImproperConnectionState):
pass
class ResponseNotReady(ImproperConnectionState):
pass
class BadStatusLine(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, line):
if not line:
line = repr(line)
self.args = line,
self.line = line
class LineTooLong(HTTPException):
def __init__(self, line_type):
HTTPException.__init__(self, "got more than %d bytes when reading %s"
% (_MAXLINE, line_type))
class RemoteDisconnected(ConnectionResetError, BadStatusLine):
def __init__(self, *pos, **kw):
BadStatusLine.__init__(self, "")
ConnectionResetError.__init__(self, *pos, **kw)
# for backwards compatibility
error = HTTPException
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