More documentation on writing i9n tests
List of topics: * go_to_<pagename>page() methods and proper file structure is covered * regions facilities * customizing gate environment * running tests in plugins Change-Id: I885705b62e63b72c5ba823a8ebf7be20f9fcddbe
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Timur Sufiev
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@ -466,3 +466,236 @@ may also want to increase the webdriver's timeout so it will not close browser
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windows forcefully. Finally, sometimes it may make sense to examine the
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windows forcefully. Finally, sometimes it may make sense to examine the
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contents of `logs` directory, especially apache logs - but that is mostly the
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contents of `logs` directory, especially apache logs - but that is mostly the
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case for the "good" failures.
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case for the "good" failures.
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Writing your first integration test
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===================================
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So, you are going to write your first integration test and looking for some
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guidelines on how to do it. The first and the most comprehensive source of
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knowledge is the existing codebase of integration tests. Look how other tests
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are written, which Page Objects they use and learn by copying. Accurate imitation
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will eventually lead to a solid understanding. Yet there are few things that may
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save you some time when you know them in advance.
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File and directory layout and go_to_*page() methods
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---------------------------------------------------
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Below is the filesystem structure that test helpers rely on.::
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horizon/
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└─ openstack_dashboard/
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└─ test/
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└─ integration_tests/
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├─ pages/
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│ ├─ admin/
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│ │ ├─ __init__.py
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│ │ └─ system/
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│ │ ├─ __init__.py
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│ │ └─ flavorspage.py
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│ ├─ project/
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│ │ └─ compute/
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│ │ ├─ __init__.py
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│ │ ├─ access_and_security/
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│ │ │ ├─ __init__.py
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│ │ │ └─ keypairspage.py
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│ │ └─ imagespage.py
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│ └─ navigation.py
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├─ regions/
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├─ tests/
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├─ config.py
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└─ horizon.conf
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New tests are put into integration_tests/tests, where they are grouped
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by the kind of entities being tested (test_instances.py, test_networks.py, etc).
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All Page Objects to be used by tests are inside pages/directory, the nested
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directory structure you see within it obeys the value of `Navigation.CORE_PAGE_STRUCTURE`
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you can find at pages/navigation.py module. The contents of the `CORE_PAGE_STRUCTURE`
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variable should in turn mirror the structure of standard dashboard sidebar menu.
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If this condition is not met, the go_to_<pagename>page() methods which are generated
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automatically at runtime will have problems matching the real sidebar items. How are
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these go_to_*page() methods are generated? From the sidebar's point of view, dashboard
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content could be at most four levels deep: Dashboard, Panel Group, Panel and Tab.
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Given the mixture of these entities in existing dashboards, it was decided that:
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* When panels need to be addressed with go_to_<pagename>page() methods, two components in
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the method's name are enough for distinguishing the right path to go along, namely a Panel
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name and a Panel Group name (or a Dashboard name, if no Panel Group exists above Panel).
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For example,
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* `go_to_system_flavorspage()` method to go to Admin->System->Flavors and
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* `go_to_identity_projectspage()` method to go to Identity->Projects panel.
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* When we need to go one level deeper, i.e. go to the specific TableTab on any panel that
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has several tabs, three components are enough - Panel Group, Panel and Tab names. For
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example, `go_to_compute_accessandsecurity_floatingipspage()` for navigating to
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Project->Compute->Access & Security->Floating IPs tab. Note that one cannot navigate
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to a Panel level if that Panel has several tabs (i.e., only terminal levels could be
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navigated to).
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As you might have noticed, method name components are choosen from normalized items of
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the `CORE_PAGE_STRUCTURE` dictionary, where normalization means replacing spaces with `_`
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symbol and `&` symbol with `and`, then downcasing all symbols.
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Once the `go_to_*page()` method's name is parsed and the proper menu item is matched in
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a dashboard, it should return the proper Page Object. For that to happen a properly
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named class should reside in a properly named module located in the right place of the
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filesystem. More specifically and top down:
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#. Page Object class is located in:
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* <dashboard>/<panel_group>/<panel>page.py file for non-tabbed pages
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* <dashboard>/<panel_group>/<panel>/<tab>page.py file for tabbed pages
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Values <dashboard>, <panel_group>, <panel> and <tab> are the normalized versions of
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the items from the `CORE_PAGE_STRUCTURE` dictionary.
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#. Within the above module a descendant of `basepage.BaseNavigationPage` should be
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defined, its name should have the form <Panel>Page or <Tab>Page, where <Panel> and <Tab>
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are capitalized versions of normalized <panel> and <tab> items respectively.
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Reusable regions
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----------------
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* `TableRegion` binds to the HTML Horizon table using the `TableRegion`'s `name`
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attribute. To bind to the proper table this attribute has to be the same as
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the `name` attribute of a `Meta` subclass of a corresponding `tables.DataTable`
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descendant in the Python code. `TableRegion` provides all the needed facilities for
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solving the following table-related tasks.
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* Getting a specific row from a table matched by the column name and a target
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text within that column (use `get_row()` method) or taking all the existing
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rows on a current table page with `rows` property.
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* Once you have a reference to a specific row, it can either be marked with
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`mark()` for further batch actions or split to cells (using `cells` property
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which is dictionary representing column name as a key to cell wrapper as a
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value).
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* For interacting with actions `TableRegion` provides 2 decorators, namely
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`@bind_table_action()` and `@bind_row_action()` which bind to the actual HTML
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button widget and decorate the specific table methods. These methods in turn
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should click a bound button (comes as these methods' second argument after `self`)
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and usually return a new region which is most often bound to a modal form
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being shown after clicking that button in real Horizon.
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* Another important part of `TableRegion` are the facilities for checking the
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properties of a paged table - `assert_definition()`, `is_next_link_available()`
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and `is_prev_link_available()` helpers and `turn_next_page()` / `turn_prev_page()`
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which obviously cause the next / prev table page to be shown.
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* when interacting with modal and non-modal forms three flavors of form wrappers
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can be used.
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* `BaseFormRegion` is used for simplest forms which are usually 'Submit' /
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'Cancel' dialogs with no fields to be filled.
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* `FormRegion` is the most used wrapper which provides interaction with the
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fields within that form. Every field is backed by its own wrapper class, while
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the `FormRegion` acts as a container which initializes all the field wrappers in
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its `__init__()` method. Field mappings passed to `__init__()` could be
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* either a tuple of string labels, in that case the same label is used for
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referencing the field in test code and for binding to the HTML input (should be
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the same as `name` attribute of that widget, could be seen in Django code defining
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that form in Horizon)
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* or a dictionary, where the key will be used for referencing the test field
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and the value will be used for binding to the HTML input. Also it is feasible
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to provide values other than strings in that dictionary - in this case they are
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meant to be a Python class. This Python class will be initialized as any
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BaseRegion is usually initialized and then the value's key will be used for
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referencing this object. This is useful when dealing with non-standard widgets
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in forms (like Membership widget in Create/Edit Project form or Networks widget
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in Launch Instance form).
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* `TabbedFormRegion` is a slight variation of `FormRegion`, it has several tabs
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and thus can accept a tuple of tuples / dictionaries of field mappings, where
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every tuple corresponds to a tab of a real form, binding order is that first
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tuple binds to leftmost tab, which has index 0. Passing `default_tab` other than
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0 to `TabbedFormRegion.__init__` we can make the test form to be created with
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the tab other than the leftmost being shown immediately. Finally the method `switch_to`
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allows us to switch to any existing form's tab.
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* `MessageRegion` is a small region, but is very important for asserting that
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everything goes well in Horizon under test. Technically, the `find_message_and_dismiss`
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method belongs to `BasePage` class, but whenever it is called, `regions.messages`
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module is imported as well to pass a `messages.SUCCESS` / `messages.ERROR`
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argument into. The method returns `True` / `False` depending on if the specified
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message was found and dismissed (which could be then asserted for).
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Customizing tests to a specific gate environment
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------------------------------------------------
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* Upstream gate environment is not the only possible environment where Horizon
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integration tests can be run. Various downstream distributions may also
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want to run them. To ease the adoption of upstream tests to possibly
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different conditions of a downstream gate environment, integration tests use
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a configuration machinery backed by oslo.config library. It includes the
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following pieces of knowledge:
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* integration_tests/config.py file where all possible setting groups and
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settings are defined along with their descriptions and defaults. If you are
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going to add a new setting to Horizon integration tests, you should add it
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first to this file.
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* integration_tests/horizon.conf file - where all the overrides are
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actually located. For clarity its contents mirrors the default values
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in config.py (although technically they could be completely commented out
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with the same result).
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* To make developers' lives easier a local-only (not tracked by git)
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counterpart of horizon.conf could exist at the same directory, named
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'local-horizon.conf'. It is meant solely for overriding values from
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horizon.conf that a developer's environment might differ from the gate
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environment (like Horizon url or admin user password).
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* When integration tests are run by openstack-infra/devstack-gate scripts they
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use 2 hooks to alter the devstack gate environment, namely pre_test_hook and
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post_test_hook. Contents of both hooks are defined inside the corresponding
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shell scripts located at 'tools/gate/integration' at the top-level of horizon
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repo. If you find yourself asking which of the hooks you need to modify - pre
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or post, keep the following things in mind.
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* Pre hook is executed before the Devstack is deployed, that essentially
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means that almost none of packages that are installed as OpenStack services
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dependencies during Devstack deployment are going to be present in the
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system. Yet all the repositories contained with `PROJECTS` variable defined
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in `devstack-vm-gate-wrap.sh`_ script will be already cloned by the moment
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pre hook is executed. So the natural use for it is to customize some Horizon
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settings before they are used in operations like compressing statics etc.
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* Post hook is executed after Devstack is deployed, so integration tests
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themselves are run inside that hook, as well as various test artifacts
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collection. When you modify it, do not forget to save the exit code of
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a tox integration tests run and emit at the end of the script - or you may
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lose the SUCCESS/FAILURE status of the whole tests suite and tamper with the
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job results!
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.. _devstack-vm-gate-wrap.sh: https://github.com/openstack-infra/devstack-gate/blob/master/devstack-vm-gate-wrap.sh
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Writing integration tests for Horizon plugins
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---------------------------------------------
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There are 2 possible setups when running integration tests for Horizon plugins.
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The first setup, which is suggested to be used in gate of *-dashboard plugins
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is to get horizon as a dependency of a plugin and then run integration tests
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using horizon.conf config file inside the plugin repo. This way the plugin augments
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the location of Horizon built-in Page Objects with the location of its own
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Page Objects, contained within the `plugin_page_path` option and the Horizon
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built-in nav structure with its own nav structure contained within
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`plugin_page_structure`. Then the plugin integration tests are run against core
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Horizon augmented with just this particular plugin content.
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The second setup may be used when it is needed to run integration tests for
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Horizon + several plugins. In other words, content from several plugins is
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merged into core Horizon content, then the combined integration tests from core
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Horizon and all the involved plugins are run against the resulting dashboards.
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To make this possible both options `plugin_page_path` and
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`plugin_page_structure` have MultiStrOpt type. This means that they may be
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defined several times and all the specified values will be gathered in a list,
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which is iterated over when running integration tests. In this setup it's easier to
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run the tests from Horizon repo, using the horizon.conf file within it.
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Also keep in mind that `plugin_page_structure` needs to be a strict JSON
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string, w/o trailing commas etc.
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