openstack/mistral
Code Issues Proposed changes

Adding pecan, wsme, oslo and adjusting packages

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Change-Id: I270a1cbdac36a4418775179de9f39e9109ea162f
This commit is contained in:
Renat Akhmerov 2013-11-21 13:33:49 +07:00
parent a32cb61b9d
commit f880f9b5b2
39 changed files with 6459 additions and 0 deletions
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mistral/api/__init__.py Normal file
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mistral/api/controllers/__init__.py Normal file
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mistral/cmd/__init__.py Normal file
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#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright (c) 2013 Mirantis, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import os
import sys
possible_topdir = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(os.path.abspath(__file__),
os.pardir,
os.pardir,
os.pardir))
if os.path.exists(os.path.join(possible_topdir, 'mistral-api', '__init__.py')):
sys.path.insert(0, possible_topdir)
#from mistral import config
#from mistral.openstack.common import log
def main():
raise NotImplemented('Mistral API is not implemented yet.')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

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mistral/db/__init__.py Normal file
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mistral/engine/__init__.py Normal file
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mistral/openstack/__init__.py Normal file
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mistral/openstack/common/__init__.py Normal file
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mistral/openstack/common/apiclient/__init__.py Normal file
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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2013 OpenStack Foundation
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

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mistral/openstack/common/apiclient/auth.py Normal file
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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2013 OpenStack Foundation
# Copyright 2013 Spanish National Research Council.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
# E0202: An attribute inherited from %s hide this method
# pylint: disable=E0202
import abc
import argparse
import logging
import os
import six
from stevedore import extension
from mistral.openstack.common.apiclient import exceptions
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_discovered_plugins = {}
def discover_auth_systems():
"""Discover the available auth-systems.
This won't take into account the old style auth-systems.
"""
global _discovered_plugins
_discovered_plugins = {}
def add_plugin(ext):
_discovered_plugins[ext.name] = ext.plugin
ep_namespace = "mistral.openstack.common.apiclient.auth"
mgr = extension.ExtensionManager(ep_namespace)
mgr.map(add_plugin)
def load_auth_system_opts(parser):
"""Load options needed by the available auth-systems into a parser.
This function will try to populate the parser with options from the
available plugins.
"""
group = parser.add_argument_group("Common auth options")
BaseAuthPlugin.add_common_opts(group)
for name, auth_plugin in _discovered_plugins.iteritems():
group = parser.add_argument_group(
"Auth-system '%s' options" % name,
conflict_handler="resolve")
auth_plugin.add_opts(group)
def load_plugin(auth_system):
try:
plugin_class = _discovered_plugins[auth_system]
except KeyError:
raise exceptions.AuthSystemNotFound(auth_system)
return plugin_class(auth_system=auth_system)
def load_plugin_from_args(args):
"""Load required plugin and populate it with options.
Try to guess auth system if it is not specified. Systems are tried in
alphabetical order.
:type args: argparse.Namespace
:raises: AuthorizationFailure
"""
auth_system = args.os_auth_system
if auth_system:
plugin = load_plugin(auth_system)
plugin.parse_opts(args)
plugin.sufficient_options()
return plugin
for plugin_auth_system in sorted(_discovered_plugins.iterkeys()):
plugin_class = _discovered_plugins[plugin_auth_system]
plugin = plugin_class()
plugin.parse_opts(args)
try:
plugin.sufficient_options()
except exceptions.AuthPluginOptionsMissing:
continue
return plugin
raise exceptions.AuthPluginOptionsMissing(["auth_system"])
@six.add_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta)
class BaseAuthPlugin(object):
"""Base class for authentication plugins.
An authentication plugin needs to override at least the authenticate
method to be a valid plugin.
"""
auth_system = None
opt_names = []
common_opt_names = [
"auth_system",
"username",
"password",
"tenant_name",
"token",
"auth_url",
]
def __init__(self, auth_system=None, **kwargs):
self.auth_system = auth_system or self.auth_system
self.opts = dict((name, kwargs.get(name))
for name in self.opt_names)
@staticmethod
def _parser_add_opt(parser, opt):
"""Add an option to parser in two variants.
:param opt: option name (with underscores)
"""
dashed_opt = opt.replace("_", "-")
env_var = "OS_%s" % opt.upper()
arg_default = os.environ.get(env_var, "")
arg_help = "Defaults to env[%s]." % env_var
parser.add_argument(
"--os-%s" % dashed_opt,
metavar="<%s>" % dashed_opt,
default=arg_default,
help=arg_help)
parser.add_argument(
"--os_%s" % opt,
metavar="<%s>" % dashed_opt,
help=argparse.SUPPRESS)
@classmethod
def add_opts(cls, parser):
"""Populate the parser with the options for this plugin.
"""
for opt in cls.opt_names:
# use `BaseAuthPlugin.common_opt_names` since it is never
# changed in child classes
if opt not in BaseAuthPlugin.common_opt_names:
cls._parser_add_opt(parser, opt)
@classmethod
def add_common_opts(cls, parser):
"""Add options that are common for several plugins.
"""
for opt in cls.common_opt_names:
cls._parser_add_opt(parser, opt)
@staticmethod
def get_opt(opt_name, args):
"""Return option name and value.
:param opt_name: name of the option, e.g., "username"
:param args: parsed arguments
"""
return (opt_name, getattr(args, "os_%s" % opt_name, None))
def parse_opts(self, args):
"""Parse the actual auth-system options if any.
This method is expected to populate the attribute `self.opts` with a
dict containing the options and values needed to make authentication.
"""
self.opts.update(dict(self.get_opt(opt_name, args)
for opt_name in self.opt_names))
def authenticate(self, http_client):
"""Authenticate using plugin defined method.
The method usually analyses `self.opts` and performs
a request to authentication server.
:param http_client: client object that needs authentication
:type http_client: HTTPClient
:raises: AuthorizationFailure
"""
self.sufficient_options()
self._do_authenticate(http_client)
@abc.abstractmethod
def _do_authenticate(self, http_client):
"""Protected method for authentication.
"""
def sufficient_options(self):
"""Check if all required options are present.
:raises: AuthPluginOptionsMissing
"""
missing = [opt
for opt in self.opt_names
if not self.opts.get(opt)]
if missing:
raise exceptions.AuthPluginOptionsMissing(missing)
@abc.abstractmethod
def token_and_endpoint(self, endpoint_type, service_type):
"""Return token and endpoint.
:param service_type: Service type of the endpoint
:type service_type: string
:param endpoint_type: Type of endpoint.
Possible values: public or publicURL,
internal or internalURL,
admin or adminURL
:type endpoint_type: string
:returns: tuple of token and endpoint strings
:raises: EndpointException
"""

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mistral/openstack/common/apiclient/base.py Normal file
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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010 Jacob Kaplan-Moss
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation
# Copyright 2012 Grid Dynamics
# Copyright 2013 OpenStack Foundation
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
Base utilities to build API operation managers and objects on top of.
"""
# E1102: %s is not callable
# pylint: disable=E1102
import abc
import urllib
import six
from mistral.openstack.common.apiclient import exceptions
from mistral.openstack.common import strutils
def getid(obj):
"""Return id if argument is a Resource.
Abstracts the common pattern of allowing both an object or an object's ID
(UUID) as a parameter when dealing with relationships.
"""
try:
if obj.uuid:
return obj.uuid
except AttributeError:
pass
try:
return obj.id
except AttributeError:
return obj
# TODO(aababilov): call run_hooks() in HookableMixin's child classes
class HookableMixin(object):
"""Mixin so classes can register and run hooks."""
_hooks_map = {}
@classmethod
def add_hook(cls, hook_type, hook_func):
"""Add a new hook of specified type.
:param cls: class that registers hooks
:param hook_type: hook type, e.g., '__pre_parse_args__'
:param hook_func: hook function
"""
if hook_type not in cls._hooks_map:
cls._hooks_map[hook_type] = []
cls._hooks_map[hook_type].append(hook_func)
@classmethod
def run_hooks(cls, hook_type, *args, **kwargs):
"""Run all hooks of specified type.
:param cls: class that registers hooks
:param hook_type: hook type, e.g., '__pre_parse_args__'
:param **args: args to be passed to every hook function
:param **kwargs: kwargs to be passed to every hook function
"""
hook_funcs = cls._hooks_map.get(hook_type) or []
for hook_func in hook_funcs:
hook_func(*args, **kwargs)
class BaseManager(HookableMixin):
"""Basic manager type providing common operations.
Managers interact with a particular type of API (servers, flavors, images,
etc.) and provide CRUD operations for them.
"""
resource_class = None
def __init__(self, client):
"""Initializes BaseManager with `client`.
:param client: instance of BaseClient descendant for HTTP requests
"""
super(BaseManager, self).__init__()
self.client = client
def _list(self, url, response_key, obj_class=None, json=None):
"""List the collection.
:param url: a partial URL, e.g., '/servers'
:param response_key: the key to be looked up in response dictionary,
e.g., 'servers'
:param obj_class: class for constructing the returned objects
(self.resource_class will be used by default)
:param json: data that will be encoded as JSON and passed in POST
request (GET will be sent by default)
"""
if json:
body = self.client.post(url, json=json).json()
else:
body = self.client.get(url).json()
if obj_class is None:
obj_class = self.resource_class
data = body[response_key]
# NOTE(ja): keystone returns values as list as {'values': [ ... ]}
# unlike other services which just return the list...
try:
data = data['values']
except (KeyError, TypeError):
pass
return [obj_class(self, res, loaded=True) for res in data if res]
def _get(self, url, response_key):
"""Get an object from collection.
:param url: a partial URL, e.g., '/servers'
:param response_key: the key to be looked up in response dictionary,
e.g., 'server'
"""
body = self.client.get(url).json()
return self.resource_class(self, body[response_key], loaded=True)
def _head(self, url):
"""Retrieve request headers for an object.
:param url: a partial URL, e.g., '/servers'
"""
resp = self.client.head(url)
return resp.status_code == 204
def _post(self, url, json, response_key, return_raw=False):
"""Create an object.
:param url: a partial URL, e.g., '/servers'
:param json: data that will be encoded as JSON and passed in POST
request (GET will be sent by default)
:param response_key: the key to be looked up in response dictionary,
e.g., 'servers'
:param return_raw: flag to force returning raw JSON instead of
Python object of self.resource_class
"""
body = self.client.post(url, json=json).json()
if return_raw:
return body[response_key]
return self.resource_class(self, body[response_key])
def _put(self, url, json=None, response_key=None):
"""Update an object with PUT method.
:param url: a partial URL, e.g., '/servers'
:param json: data that will be encoded as JSON and passed in POST
request (GET will be sent by default)
:param response_key: the key to be looked up in response dictionary,
e.g., 'servers'
"""
resp = self.client.put(url, json=json)
# PUT requests may not return a body
if resp.content:
body = resp.json()
if response_key is not None:
return self.resource_class(self, body[response_key])
else:
return self.resource_class(self, body)
def _patch(self, url, json=None, response_key=None):
"""Update an object with PATCH method.
:param url: a partial URL, e.g., '/servers'
:param json: data that will be encoded as JSON and passed in POST
request (GET will be sent by default)
:param response_key: the key to be looked up in response dictionary,
e.g., 'servers'
"""
body = self.client.patch(url, json=json).json()
if response_key is not None:
return self.resource_class(self, body[response_key])
else:
return self.resource_class(self, body)
def _delete(self, url):
"""Delete an object.
:param url: a partial URL, e.g., '/servers/my-server'
"""
return self.client.delete(url)
@six.add_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta)
class ManagerWithFind(BaseManager):
"""Manager with additional `find()`/`findall()` methods."""
@abc.abstractmethod
def list(self):
pass
def find(self, **kwargs):
"""Find a single item with attributes matching ``**kwargs``.
This isn't very efficient: it loads the entire list then filters on
the Python side.
"""
matches = self.findall(**kwargs)
num_matches = len(matches)
if num_matches == 0:
msg = "No %s matching %s." % (self.resource_class.__name__, kwargs)
raise exceptions.NotFound(msg)
elif num_matches > 1:
raise exceptions.NoUniqueMatch()
else:
return matches[0]
def findall(self, **kwargs):
"""Find all items with attributes matching ``**kwargs``.
This isn't very efficient: it loads the entire list then filters on
the Python side.
"""
found = []
searches = kwargs.items()
for obj in self.list():
try:
if all(getattr(obj, attr) == value
for (attr, value) in searches):
found.append(obj)
except AttributeError:
continue
return found
class CrudManager(BaseManager):
"""Base manager class for manipulating entities.
Children of this class are expected to define a `collection_key` and `key`.
- `collection_key`: Usually a plural noun by convention (e.g. `entities`);
used to refer collections in both URL's (e.g. `/v3/entities`) and JSON
objects containing a list of member resources (e.g. `{'entities': [{},
{}, {}]}`).
- `key`: Usually a singular noun by convention (e.g. `entity`); used to
refer to an individual member of the collection.
"""
collection_key = None
key = None
def build_url(self, base_url=None, **kwargs):
"""Builds a resource URL for the given kwargs.
Given an example collection where `collection_key = 'entities'` and
`key = 'entity'`, the following URL's could be generated.
By default, the URL will represent a collection of entities, e.g.::
/entities
If kwargs contains an `entity_id`, then the URL will represent a
specific member, e.g.::
/entities/{entity_id}
:param base_url: if provided, the generated URL will be appended to it
"""
url = base_url if base_url is not None else ''
url += '/%s' % self.collection_key
# do we have a specific entity?
entity_id = kwargs.get('%s_id' % self.key)
if entity_id is not None:
url += '/%s' % entity_id
return url
def _filter_kwargs(self, kwargs):
"""Drop null values and handle ids."""
for key, ref in kwargs.copy().iteritems():
if ref is None:
kwargs.pop(key)
else:
if isinstance(ref, Resource):
kwargs.pop(key)
kwargs['%s_id' % key] = getid(ref)
return kwargs
def create(self, **kwargs):
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
return self._post(
self.build_url(**kwargs),
{self.key: kwargs},
self.key)
def get(self, **kwargs):
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
return self._get(
self.build_url(**kwargs),
self.key)
def head(self, **kwargs):
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
return self._head(self.build_url(**kwargs))
def list(self, base_url=None, **kwargs):
"""List the collection.
:param base_url: if provided, the generated URL will be appended to it
"""
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
return self._list(
'%(base_url)s%(query)s' % {
'base_url': self.build_url(base_url=base_url, **kwargs),
'query': '?%s' % urllib.urlencode(kwargs) if kwargs else '',
},
self.collection_key)
def put(self, base_url=None, **kwargs):
"""Update an element.
:param base_url: if provided, the generated URL will be appended to it
"""
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
return self._put(self.build_url(base_url=base_url, **kwargs))
def update(self, **kwargs):
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
params = kwargs.copy()
params.pop('%s_id' % self.key)
return self._patch(
self.build_url(**kwargs),
{self.key: params},
self.key)
def delete(self, **kwargs):
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
return self._delete(
self.build_url(**kwargs))
def find(self, base_url=None, **kwargs):
"""Find a single item with attributes matching ``**kwargs``.
:param base_url: if provided, the generated URL will be appended to it
"""
kwargs = self._filter_kwargs(kwargs)
rl = self._list(
'%(base_url)s%(query)s' % {
'base_url': self.build_url(base_url=base_url, **kwargs),
'query': '?%s' % urllib.urlencode(kwargs) if kwargs else '',
},
self.collection_key)
num = len(rl)
if num == 0:
msg = "No %s matching %s." % (self.resource_class.__name__, kwargs)
raise exceptions.NotFound(404, msg)
elif num > 1:
raise exceptions.NoUniqueMatch
else:
return rl[0]
class Extension(HookableMixin):
"""Extension descriptor."""
SUPPORTED_HOOKS = ('__pre_parse_args__', '__post_parse_args__')
manager_class = None
def __init__(self, name, module):
super(Extension, self).__init__()
self.name = name
self.module = module
self._parse_extension_module()
def _parse_extension_module(self):
self.manager_class = None
for attr_name, attr_value in self.module.__dict__.items():
if attr_name in self.SUPPORTED_HOOKS:
self.add_hook(attr_name, attr_value)
else:
try:
if issubclass(attr_value, BaseManager):
self.manager_class = attr_value
except TypeError:
pass
def __repr__(self):
return "<Extension '%s'>" % self.name
class Resource(object):
"""Base class for OpenStack resources (tenant, user, etc.).
This is pretty much just a bag for attributes.
"""
HUMAN_ID = False
NAME_ATTR = 'name'
def __init__(self, manager, info, loaded=False):
"""Populate and bind to a manager.
:param manager: BaseManager object
:param info: dictionary representing resource attributes
:param loaded: prevent lazy-loading if set to True
"""
self.manager = manager
self._info = info
self._add_details(info)
self._loaded = loaded
def __repr__(self):
reprkeys = sorted(k
for k in self.__dict__.keys()
if k[0] != '_' and k != 'manager')
info = ", ".join("%s=%s" % (k, getattr(self, k)) for k in reprkeys)
return "<%s %s>" % (self.__class__.__name__, info)
@property
def human_id(self):
"""Human-readable ID which can be used for bash completion.
"""
if self.NAME_ATTR in self.__dict__ and self.HUMAN_ID:
return strutils.to_slug(getattr(self, self.NAME_ATTR))
return None
def _add_details(self, info):
for (k, v) in info.iteritems():
try:
setattr(self, k, v)
self._info[k] = v
except AttributeError:
# In this case we already defined the attribute on the class
pass
def __getattr__(self, k):
if k not in self.__dict__:
#NOTE(bcwaldon): disallow lazy-loading if already loaded once
if not self.is_loaded():
self.get()
return self.__getattr__(k)
raise AttributeError(k)
else:
return self.__dict__[k]
def get(self):
# set_loaded() first ... so if we have to bail, we know we tried.
self.set_loaded(True)
if not hasattr(self.manager, 'get'):
return
new = self.manager.get(self.id)
if new:
self._add_details(new._info)
def __eq__(self, other):
if not isinstance(other, Resource):
return NotImplemented
# two resources of different types are not equal
if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
return False
if hasattr(self, 'id') and hasattr(other, 'id'):
return self.id == other.id
return self._info == other._info
def is_loaded(self):
return self._loaded
def set_loaded(self, val):
self._loaded = val

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mistral/openstack/common/apiclient/client.py Normal file
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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010 Jacob Kaplan-Moss
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation
# Copyright 2011 Piston Cloud Computing, Inc.
# Copyright 2013 Alessio Ababilov
# Copyright 2013 Grid Dynamics
# Copyright 2013 OpenStack Foundation
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
OpenStack Client interface. Handles the REST calls and responses.
"""
# E0202: An attribute inherited from %s hide this method
# pylint: disable=E0202
import logging
import time
try:
import simplejson as json
except ImportError:
import json
import requests
from mistral.openstack.common.apiclient import exceptions
from mistral.openstack.common import importutils
_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class HTTPClient(object):
"""This client handles sending HTTP requests to OpenStack servers.
Features:
- share authentication information between several clients to different
services (e.g., for compute and image clients);
- reissue authentication request for expired tokens;
- encode/decode JSON bodies;
- raise exceptions on HTTP errors;
- pluggable authentication;
- store authentication information in a keyring;
- store time spent for requests;
- register clients for particular services, so one can use
`http_client.identity` or `http_client.compute`;
- log requests and responses in a format that is easy to copy-and-paste
into terminal and send the same request with curl.
"""
user_agent = "mistral.openstack.common.apiclient"
def __init__(self,
auth_plugin,
region_name=None,
endpoint_type="publicURL",
original_ip=None,
verify=True,
cert=None,
timeout=None,
timings=False,
keyring_saver=None,
debug=False,
user_agent=None,
http=None):
self.auth_plugin = auth_plugin
self.endpoint_type = endpoint_type
self.region_name = region_name
self.original_ip = original_ip
self.timeout = timeout
self.verify = verify
self.cert = cert
self.keyring_saver = keyring_saver
self.debug = debug
self.user_agent = user_agent or self.user_agent
self.times = [] # [("item", starttime, endtime), ...]
self.timings = timings
# requests within the same session can reuse TCP connections from pool
self.http = http or requests.Session()
self.cached_token = None
def _http_log_req(self, method, url, kwargs):
if not self.debug:
return
string_parts = [
"curl -i",
"-X '%s'" % method,
"'%s'" % url,
]
for element in kwargs['headers']:
header = "-H '%s: %s'" % (element, kwargs['headers'][element])
string_parts.append(header)
_logger.debug("REQ: %s" % " ".join(string_parts))
if 'data' in kwargs:
_logger.debug("REQ BODY: %s\n" % (kwargs['data']))
def _http_log_resp(self, resp):
if not self.debug:
return
_logger.debug(
"RESP: [%s] %s\n",
resp.status_code,
resp.headers)
if resp._content_consumed:
_logger.debug(
"RESP BODY: %s\n",
resp.text)
def serialize(self, kwargs):
if kwargs.get('json') is not None:
kwargs['headers']['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
kwargs['data'] = json.dumps(kwargs['json'])
try:
del kwargs['json']
except KeyError:
pass
def get_timings(self):
return self.times
def reset_timings(self):
self.times = []
def request(self, method, url, **kwargs):
"""Send an http request with the specified characteristics.
Wrapper around `requests.Session.request` to handle tasks such as
setting headers, JSON encoding/decoding, and error handling.
:param method: method of HTTP request
:param url: URL of HTTP request
:param kwargs: any other parameter that can be passed to
' requests.Session.request (such as `headers`) or `json`
that will be encoded as JSON and used as `data` argument
"""
kwargs.setdefault("headers", kwargs.get("headers", {}))
kwargs["headers"]["User-Agent"] = self.user_agent
if self.original_ip:
kwargs["headers"]["Forwarded"] = "for=%s;by=%s" % (
self.original_ip, self.user_agent)
if self.timeout is not None:
kwargs.setdefault("timeout", self.timeout)
kwargs.setdefault("verify", self.verify)
if self.cert is not None:
kwargs.setdefault("cert", self.cert)
self.serialize(kwargs)
self._http_log_req(method, url, kwargs)
if self.timings:
start_time = time.time()
resp = self.http.request(method, url, **kwargs)
if self.timings:
self.times.append(("%s %s" % (method, url),
start_time, time.time()))
self._http_log_resp(resp)
if resp.status_code >= 400:
_logger.debug(
"Request returned failure status: %s",
resp.status_code)
raise exceptions.from_response(resp, method, url)
return resp
@staticmethod
def concat_url(endpoint, url):
"""Concatenate endpoint and final URL.
E.g., "http://keystone/v2.0/" and "/tokens" are concatenated to
"http://keystone/v2.0/tokens".
:param endpoint: the base URL
:param url: the final URL
"""
return "%s/%s" % (endpoint.rstrip("/"), url.strip("/"))
def client_request(self, client, method, url, **kwargs):
"""Send an http request using `client`'s endpoint and specified `url`.
If request was rejected as unauthorized (possibly because the token is
expired), issue one authorization attempt and send the request once
again.
:param client: instance of BaseClient descendant
:param method: method of HTTP request
:param url: URL of HTTP request
:param kwargs: any other parameter that can be passed to
' `HTTPClient.request`
"""
filter_args = {
"endpoint_type": client.endpoint_type or self.endpoint_type,
"service_type": client.service_type,
}
token, endpoint = (self.cached_token, client.cached_endpoint)
just_authenticated = False
if not (token and endpoint):
try:
token, endpoint = self.auth_plugin.token_and_endpoint(
**filter_args)
except exceptions.EndpointException:
pass
if not (token and endpoint):
self.authenticate()
just_authenticated = True
token, endpoint = self.auth_plugin.token_and_endpoint(
**filter_args)
if not (token and endpoint):
raise exceptions.AuthorizationFailure(
"Cannot find endpoint or token for request")
old_token_endpoint = (token, endpoint)
kwargs.setdefault("headers", {})["X-Auth-Token"] = token
self.cached_token = token
client.cached_endpoint = endpoint
# Perform the request once. If we get Unauthorized, then it
# might be because the auth token expired, so try to
# re-authenticate and try again. If it still fails, bail.
try:
return self.request(
method, self.concat_url(endpoint, url), **kwargs)
except exceptions.Unauthorized as unauth_ex:
if just_authenticated:
raise
self.cached_token = None
client.cached_endpoint = None
self.authenticate()
try:
token, endpoint = self.auth_plugin.token_and_endpoint(
**filter_args)
except exceptions.EndpointException:
raise unauth_ex
if (not (token and endpoint) or
old_token_endpoint == (token, endpoint)):
raise unauth_ex
self.cached_token = token
client.cached_endpoint = endpoint
kwargs["headers"]["X-Auth-Token"] = token
return self.request(
method, self.concat_url(endpoint, url), **kwargs)
def add_client(self, base_client_instance):
"""Add a new instance of :class:`BaseClient` descendant.
`self` will store a reference to `base_client_instance`.
Example:
>>> def test_clients():
... from keystoneclient.auth import keystone
... from openstack.common.apiclient import client
... auth = keystone.KeystoneAuthPlugin(
... username="user", password="pass", tenant_name="tenant",
... auth_url="http://auth:5000/v2.0")
... openstack_client = client.HTTPClient(auth)
... # create nova client
... from novaclient.v1_1 import client
... client.Client(openstack_client)
... # create keystone client
... from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
... client.Client(openstack_client)
... # use them
... openstack_client.identity.tenants.list()
... openstack_client.compute.servers.list()
"""
service_type = base_client_instance.service_type
if service_type and not hasattr(self, service_type):
setattr(self, service_type, base_client_instance)
def authenticate(self):
self.auth_plugin.authenticate(self)
# Store the authentication results in the keyring for later requests
if self.keyring_saver:
self.keyring_saver.save(self)
class BaseClient(object):
"""Top-level object to access the OpenStack API.
This client uses :class:`HTTPClient` to send requests. :class:`HTTPClient`
will handle a bunch of issues such as authentication.
"""
service_type = None
endpoint_type = None # "publicURL" will be used
cached_endpoint = None
def __init__(self, http_client, extensions=None):
self.http_client = http_client
http_client.add_client(self)
# Add in any extensions...
if extensions:
for extension in extensions:
if extension.manager_class:
setattr(self, extension.name,
extension.manager_class(self))
def client_request(self, method, url, **kwargs):
return self.http_client.client_request(
self, method, url, **kwargs)
def head(self, url, **kwargs):
return self.client_request("HEAD", url, **kwargs)
def get(self, url, **kwargs):
return self.client_request("GET", url, **kwargs)
def post(self, url, **kwargs):
return self.client_request("POST", url, **kwargs)
def put(self, url, **kwargs):
return self.client_request("PUT", url, **kwargs)
def delete(self, url, **kwargs):
return self.client_request("DELETE", url, **kwargs)
def patch(self, url, **kwargs):
return self.client_request("PATCH", url, **kwargs)
@staticmethod
def get_class(api_name, version, version_map):
"""Returns the client class for the requested API version
:param api_name: the name of the API, e.g. 'compute', 'image', etc
:param version: the requested API version
:param version_map: a dict of client classes keyed by version
:rtype: a client class for the requested API version
"""
try:
client_path = version_map[str(version)]
except (KeyError, ValueError):
msg = "Invalid %s client version '%s'. must be one of: %s" % (
(api_name, version, ', '.join(version_map.keys())))
raise exceptions.UnsupportedVersion(msg)
return importutils.import_class(client_path)

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010 Jacob Kaplan-Moss
# Copyright 2011 Nebula, Inc.
# Copyright 2013 Alessio Ababilov
# Copyright 2013 OpenStack Foundation
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
Exception definitions.
"""
import inspect
import sys
import six
class ClientException(Exception):
"""The base exception class for all exceptions this library raises.
"""
pass
class MissingArgs(ClientException):
"""Supplied arguments are not sufficient for calling a function."""
def __init__(self, missing):
self.missing = missing
msg = "Missing argument(s): %s" % ", ".join(missing)
super(MissingArgs, self).__init__(msg)
class ValidationError(ClientException):
"""Error in validation on API client side."""
pass
class UnsupportedVersion(ClientException):
"""User is trying to use an unsupported version of the API."""
pass
class CommandError(ClientException):
"""Error in CLI tool."""
pass
class AuthorizationFailure(ClientException):
"""Cannot authorize API client."""
pass
class AuthPluginOptionsMissing(AuthorizationFailure):
"""Auth plugin misses some options."""
def __init__(self, opt_names):
super(AuthPluginOptionsMissing, self).__init__(
"Authentication failed. Missing options: %s" %
", ".join(opt_names))
self.opt_names = opt_names
class AuthSystemNotFound(AuthorizationFailure):
"""User has specified a AuthSystem that is not installed."""
def __init__(self, auth_system):
super(AuthSystemNotFound, self).__init__(
"AuthSystemNotFound: %s" % repr(auth_system))
self.auth_system = auth_system
class NoUniqueMatch(ClientException):
"""Multiple entities found instead of one."""
pass
class EndpointException(ClientException):
"""Something is rotten in Service Catalog."""
pass
class EndpointNotFound(EndpointException):
"""Could not find requested endpoint in Service Catalog."""
pass
class AmbiguousEndpoints(EndpointException):
"""Found more than one matching endpoint in Service Catalog."""
def __init__(self, endpoints=None):
super(AmbiguousEndpoints, self).__init__(
"AmbiguousEndpoints: %s" % repr(endpoints))
self.endpoints = endpoints
class HttpError(ClientException):
"""The base exception class for all HTTP exceptions.
"""
http_status = 0
message = "HTTP Error"
def __init__(self, message=None, details=None,
response=None, request_id=None,
url=None, method=None, http_status=None):
self.http_status = http_status or self.http_status
self.message = message or self.message
self.details = details
self.request_id = request_id
self.response = response
self.url = url
self.method = method
formatted_string = "%s (HTTP %s)" % (self.message, self.http_status)
if request_id:
formatted_string += " (Request-ID: %s)" % request_id
super(HttpError, self).__init__(formatted_string)
class HTTPClientError(HttpError):
"""Client-side HTTP error.
Exception for cases in which the client seems to have erred.
"""
message = "HTTP Client Error"
class HttpServerError(HttpError):
"""Server-side HTTP error.
Exception for cases in which the server is aware that it has
erred or is incapable of performing the request.
"""
message = "HTTP Server Error"
class BadRequest(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 400 - Bad Request.
The request cannot be fulfilled due to bad syntax.
"""
http_status = 400
message = "Bad Request"
class Unauthorized(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 401 - Unauthorized.
Similar to 403 Forbidden, but specifically for use when authentication
is required and has failed or has not yet been provided.
"""
http_status = 401
message = "Unauthorized"
class PaymentRequired(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 402 - Payment Required.
Reserved for future use.
"""
http_status = 402
message = "Payment Required"
class Forbidden(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 403 - Forbidden.
The request was a valid request, but the server is refusing to respond
to it.
"""
http_status = 403
message = "Forbidden"
class NotFound(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 404 - Not Found.
The requested resource could not be found but may be available again
in the future.
"""
http_status = 404
message = "Not Found"
class MethodNotAllowed(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 405 - Method Not Allowed.
A request was made of a resource using a request method not supported
by that resource.
"""
http_status = 405
message = "Method Not Allowed"
class NotAcceptable(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 406 - Not Acceptable.
The requested resource is only capable of generating content not
acceptable according to the Accept headers sent in the request.
"""
http_status = 406
message = "Not Acceptable"
class ProxyAuthenticationRequired(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 407 - Proxy Authentication Required.
The client must first authenticate itself with the proxy.
"""
http_status = 407
message = "Proxy Authentication Required"
class RequestTimeout(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 408 - Request Timeout.
The server timed out waiting for the request.
"""
http_status = 408
message = "Request Timeout"
class Conflict(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 409 - Conflict.
Indicates that the request could not be processed because of conflict
in the request, such as an edit conflict.
"""
http_status = 409
message = "Conflict"
class Gone(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 410 - Gone.
Indicates that the resource requested is no longer available and will
not be available again.
"""
http_status = 410
message = "Gone"
class LengthRequired(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 411 - Length Required.
The request did not specify the length of its content, which is
required by the requested resource.
"""
http_status = 411
message = "Length Required"
class PreconditionFailed(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 412 - Precondition Failed.
The server does not meet one of the preconditions that the requester
put on the request.
"""
http_status = 412
message = "Precondition Failed"
class RequestEntityTooLarge(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 413 - Request Entity Too Large.
The request is larger than the server is willing or able to process.
"""
http_status = 413
message = "Request Entity Too Large"
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
try:
self.retry_after = int(kwargs.pop('retry_after'))
except (KeyError, ValueError):
self.retry_after = 0
super(RequestEntityTooLarge, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
class RequestUriTooLong(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 414 - Request-URI Too Long.
The URI provided was too long for the server to process.
"""
http_status = 414
message = "Request-URI Too Long"
class UnsupportedMediaType(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 415 - Unsupported Media Type.
The request entity has a media type which the server or resource does
not support.
"""
http_status = 415
message = "Unsupported Media Type"
class RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 416 - Requested Range Not Satisfiable.
The client has asked for a portion of the file, but the server cannot
supply that portion.
"""
http_status = 416
message = "Requested Range Not Satisfiable"
class ExpectationFailed(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 417 - Expectation Failed.
The server cannot meet the requirements of the Expect request-header field.
"""
http_status = 417
message = "Expectation Failed"
class UnprocessableEntity(HTTPClientError):
"""HTTP 422 - Unprocessable Entity.
The request was well-formed but was unable to be followed due to semantic
errors.
"""
http_status = 422
message = "Unprocessable Entity"
class InternalServerError(HttpServerError):
"""HTTP 500 - Internal Server Error.
A generic error message, given when no more specific message is suitable.
"""
http_status = 500
message = "Internal Server Error"
# NotImplemented is a python keyword.
class HttpNotImplemented(HttpServerError):
"""HTTP 501 - Not Implemented.
The server either does not recognize the request method, or it lacks
the ability to fulfill the request.
"""
http_status = 501
message = "Not Implemented"
class BadGateway(HttpServerError):
"""HTTP 502 - Bad Gateway.
The server was acting as a gateway or proxy and received an invalid
response from the upstream server.
"""
http_status = 502
message = "Bad Gateway"
class ServiceUnavailable(HttpServerError):
"""HTTP 503 - Service Unavailable.
The server is currently unavailable.
"""
http_status = 503
message = "Service Unavailable"
class GatewayTimeout(HttpServerError):
"""HTTP 504 - Gateway Timeout.
The server was acting as a gateway or proxy and did not receive a timely
response from the upstream server.
"""
http_status = 504
message = "Gateway Timeout"
class HttpVersionNotSupported(HttpServerError):
"""HTTP 505 - HttpVersion Not Supported.
The server does not support the HTTP protocol version used in the request.
"""
http_status = 505
message = "HTTP Version Not Supported"
# _code_map contains all the classes that have http_status attribute.
_code_map = dict(
(getattr(obj, 'http_status', None), obj)
for name, obj in six.iteritems(vars(sys.modules[__name__]))
if inspect.isclass(obj) and getattr(obj, 'http_status', False)
)
def from_response(response, method, url):
"""Returns an instance of :class:`HttpError` or subclass based on response.
:param response: instance of `requests.Response` class
:param method: HTTP method used for request
:param url: URL used for request
"""
kwargs = {
"http_status": response.status_code,
"response": response,
"method": method,
"url": url,
"request_id": response.headers.get("x-compute-request-id"),
}
if "retry-after" in response.headers:
kwargs["retry_after"] = response.headers["retry-after"]
content_type = response.headers.get("Content-Type", "")
if content_type.startswith("application/json"):
try:
body = response.json()
except ValueError:
pass
else:
if hasattr(body, "keys"):
error = body[body.keys()[0]]
kwargs["message"] = error.get("message", None)
kwargs["details"] = error.get("details", None)
elif content_type.startswith("text/"):
kwargs["details"] = response.text
try:
cls = _code_map[response.status_code]
except KeyError:
if 500 <= response.status_code < 600:
cls = HttpServerError
elif 400 <= response.status_code < 500:
cls = HTTPClientError
else:
cls = HttpError
return cls(**kwargs)

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2013 OpenStack Foundation
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
A fake server that "responds" to API methods with pre-canned responses.
All of these responses come from the spec, so if for some reason the spec's
wrong the tests might raise AssertionError. I've indicated in comments the
places where actual behavior differs from the spec.
"""
# W0102: Dangerous default value %s as argument
# pylint: disable=W0102
import json
import urlparse
import requests
from mistral.openstack.common.apiclient import client
def assert_has_keys(dct, required=[], optional=[]):
for k in required:
try:
assert k in dct
except AssertionError:
extra_keys = set(dct.keys()).difference(set(required + optional))
raise AssertionError("found unexpected keys: %s" %
list(extra_keys))
class TestResponse(requests.Response):
"""Wrap requests.Response and provide a convenient initialization.
"""
def __init__(self, data):
super(TestResponse, self).__init__()
self._content_consumed = True
if isinstance(data, dict):
self.status_code = data.get('status_code', 200)
# Fake the text attribute to streamline Response creation
text = data.get('text', "")
if isinstance(text, (dict, list)):
self._content = json.dumps(text)
default_headers = {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
}
else:
self._content = text
default_headers = {}
self.headers = data.get('headers') or default_headers
else:
self.status_code = data
def __eq__(self, other):
return (self.status_code == other.status_code and
self.headers == other.headers and
self._content == other._content)
class FakeHTTPClient(client.HTTPClient):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.callstack = []
self.fixtures = kwargs.pop("fixtures", None) or {}
if not args and not "auth_plugin" in kwargs:
args = (None, )
super(FakeHTTPClient, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def assert_called(self, method, url, body=None, pos=-1):
"""Assert than an API method was just called.
"""
expected = (method, url)
called = self.callstack[pos][0:2]
assert self.callstack, \
"Expected %s %s but no calls were made." % expected
assert expected == called, 'Expected %s %s; got %s %s' % \
(expected + called)
if body is not None:
if self.callstack[pos][3] != body:
raise AssertionError('%r != %r' %
(self.callstack[pos][3], body))
def assert_called_anytime(self, method, url, body=None):
"""Assert than an API method was called anytime in the test.
"""
expected = (method, url)
assert self.callstack, \
"Expected %s %s but no calls were made." % expected
found = False
entry = None
for entry in self.callstack:
if expected == entry[0:2]:
found = True
break
assert found, 'Expected %s %s; got %s' % \
(method, url, self.callstack)
if body is not None:
assert entry[3] == body, "%s != %s" % (entry[3], body)
self.callstack = []
def clear_callstack(self):
self.callstack = []
def authenticate(self):
pass
def client_request(self, client, method, url, **kwargs):
# Check that certain things are called correctly
if method in ["GET", "DELETE"]:
assert "json" not in kwargs
# Note the call
self.callstack.append(
(method,
url,
kwargs.get("headers") or {},
kwargs.get("json") or kwargs.get("data")))
try:
fixture = self.fixtures[url][method]
except KeyError:
pass
else:
return TestResponse({"headers": fixture[0],
"text": fixture[1]})
# Call the method
args = urlparse.parse_qsl(urlparse.urlparse(url)[4])
kwargs.update(args)
munged_url = url.rsplit('?', 1)[0]
munged_url = munged_url.strip('/').replace('/', '_').replace('.', '_')
munged_url = munged_url.replace('-', '_')
callback = "%s_%s" % (method.lower(), munged_url)
if not hasattr(self, callback):
raise AssertionError('Called unknown API method: %s %s, '
'expected fakes method name: %s' %
(method, url, callback))
resp = getattr(self, callback)(**kwargs)
if len(resp) == 3:
status, headers, body = resp
else:
status, body = resp
headers = {}
return TestResponse({
"status_code": status,
"text": body,
"headers": headers,
})

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2012 Red Hat, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
# W0603: Using the global statement
# W0621: Redefining name %s from outer scope
# pylint: disable=W0603,W0621
import getpass
import inspect
import os
import sys
import textwrap
import prettytable
import six
from mistral.openstack.common.apiclient import exceptions
from mistral.openstack.common import strutils
def validate_args(fn, *args, **kwargs):
"""Check that the supplied args are sufficient for calling a function.
>>> validate_args(lambda a: None)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
MissingArgs: Missing argument(s): a
>>> validate_args(lambda a, b, c, d: None, 0, c=1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
MissingArgs: Missing argument(s): b, d
:param fn: the function to check
:param arg: the positional arguments supplied
:param kwargs: the keyword arguments supplied
"""
argspec = inspect.getargspec(fn)
num_defaults = len(argspec.defaults or [])
required_args = argspec.args[:len(argspec.args) - num_defaults]
def isbound(method):
return getattr(method, 'im_self', None) is not None
if isbound(fn):
required_args.pop(0)
missing = [arg for arg in required_args if arg not in kwargs]
missing = missing[len(args):]
if missing:
raise exceptions.MissingArgs(missing)
def arg(*args, **kwargs):
"""Decorator for CLI args.
Example:
>>> @arg("name", help="Name of the new entity")
... def entity_create(args):
... pass
"""
def _decorator(func):
add_arg(func, *args, **kwargs)
return func
return _decorator
def env(*args, **kwargs):
"""Returns the first environment variable set.
If all are empty, defaults to '' or keyword arg `default`.
"""
for arg in args:
value = os.environ.get(arg, None)
if value:
return value
return kwargs.get('default', '')
def add_arg(func, *args, **kwargs):
"""Bind CLI arguments to a shell.py `do_foo` function."""
if not hasattr(func, 'arguments'):
func.arguments = []
# NOTE(sirp): avoid dups that can occur when the module is shared across
# tests.
if (args, kwargs) not in func.arguments:
# Because of the semantics of decorator composition if we just append
# to the options list positional options will appear to be backwards.
func.arguments.insert(0, (args, kwargs))
def unauthenticated(func):
"""Adds 'unauthenticated' attribute to decorated function.
Usage:
>>> @unauthenticated
... def mymethod(f):
... pass
"""
func.unauthenticated = True
return func
def isunauthenticated(func):
"""Checks if the function does not require authentication.
Mark such functions with the `@unauthenticated` decorator.
:returns: bool
"""
return getattr(func, 'unauthenticated', False)
def print_list(objs, fields, formatters=None, sortby_index=0,
mixed_case_fields=None):
"""Print a list or objects as a table, one row per object.
:param objs: iterable of :class:`Resource`
:param fields: attributes that correspond to columns, in order
:param formatters: `dict` of callables for field formatting
:param sortby_index: index of the field for sorting table rows
:param mixed_case_fields: fields corresponding to object attributes that
have mixed case names (e.g., 'serverId')
"""
formatters = formatters or {}
mixed_case_fields = mixed_case_fields or []
if sortby_index is None:
sortby = None
else:
sortby = fields[sortby_index]
pt = prettytable.PrettyTable(fields, caching=False)
pt.align = 'l'
for o in objs:
row = []
for field in fields:
if field in formatters:
row.append(formatters[field](o))
else:
if field in mixed_case_fields:
field_name = field.replace(' ', '_')
else:
field_name = field.lower().replace(' ', '_')
data = getattr(o, field_name, '')
row.append(data)
pt.add_row(row)
print(strutils.safe_encode(pt.get_string(sortby=sortby)))
def print_dict(dct, dict_property="Property", wrap=0):
"""Print a `dict` as a table of two columns.
:param dct: `dict` to print
:param dict_property: name of the first column
:param wrap: wrapping for the second column
"""
pt = prettytable.PrettyTable([dict_property, 'Value'], caching=False)
pt.align = 'l'
for k, v in dct.iteritems():
# convert dict to str to check length
if isinstance(v, dict):
v = str(v)
if wrap > 0:
v = textwrap.fill(str(v), wrap)
# if value has a newline, add in multiple rows
# e.g. fault with stacktrace
if v and isinstance(v, six.string_types) and r'\n' in v:
lines = v.strip().split(r'\n')
col1 = k
for line in lines:
pt.add_row([col1, line])
col1 = ''
else:
pt.add_row([k, v])
print(strutils.safe_encode(pt.get_string()))
def get_password(max_password_prompts=3):
"""Read password from TTY."""
verify = strutils.bool_from_string(env("OS_VERIFY_PASSWORD"))
pw = None
if hasattr(sys.stdin, "isatty") and sys.stdin.isatty():
# Check for Ctrl-D
try:
for _ in xrange(max_password_prompts):
pw1 = getpass.getpass("OS Password: ")
if verify:
pw2 = getpass.getpass("Please verify: ")
else:
pw2 = pw1
if pw1 == pw2 and pw1:
pw = pw1
break
except EOFError:
pass
return pw

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2012 Cloudscaling Group, Inc
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright (c) 2013 Rackspace Hosting
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""Multiple DB API backend support.
Supported configuration options:
The following two parameters are in the 'database' group:
`backend`: DB backend name or full module path to DB backend module.
`use_tpool`: Enable thread pooling of DB API calls.
A DB backend module should implement a method named 'get_backend' which
takes no arguments. The method can return any object that implements DB
API methods.
*NOTE*: There are bugs in eventlet when using tpool combined with
threading locks. The python logging module happens to use such locks. To
work around this issue, be sure to specify thread=False with
eventlet.monkey_patch().
A bug for eventlet has been filed here:
https://bitbucket.org/eventlet/eventlet/issue/137/
"""
import functools
from oslo.config import cfg
from mistral.openstack.common import importutils
from mistral.openstack.common import lockutils
db_opts = [
cfg.StrOpt('backend',
default='sqlalchemy',
deprecated_name='db_backend',
deprecated_group='DEFAULT',
help='The backend to use for db'),
cfg.BoolOpt('use_tpool',
default=False,
deprecated_name='dbapi_use_tpool',
deprecated_group='DEFAULT',
help='Enable the experimental use of thread pooling for '
'all DB API calls')
]
CONF = cfg.CONF
CONF.register_opts(db_opts, 'database')
class DBAPI(object):
def __init__(self, backend_mapping=None):
if backend_mapping is None:
backend_mapping = {}
self.__backend = None
self.__backend_mapping = backend_mapping
@lockutils.synchronized('dbapi_backend', 'mistral-')
def __get_backend(self):
"""Get the actual backend. May be a module or an instance of
a class. Doesn't matter to us. We do this synchronized as it's
possible multiple greenthreads started very quickly trying to do
DB calls and eventlet can switch threads before self.__backend gets
assigned.
"""
if self.__backend:
# Another thread assigned it
return self.__backend
backend_name = CONF.database.backend
self.__use_tpool = CONF.database.use_tpool
if self.__use_tpool:
from eventlet import tpool
self.__tpool = tpool
# Import the untranslated name if we don't have a
# mapping.
backend_path = self.__backend_mapping.get(backend_name,
backend_name)
backend_mod = importutils.import_module(backend_path)
self.__backend = backend_mod.get_backend()
return self.__backend
def __getattr__(self, key):
backend = self.__backend or self.__get_backend()
attr = getattr(backend, key)
if not self.__use_tpool or not hasattr(attr, '__call__'):
return attr
def tpool_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
return self.__tpool.execute(attr, *args, **kwargs)
functools.update_wrapper(tpool_wrapper, attr)
return tpool_wrapper

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""DB related custom exceptions."""
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
class DBError(Exception):
"""Wraps an implementation specific exception."""
def __init__(self, inner_exception=None):
self.inner_exception = inner_exception
super(DBError, self).__init__(str(inner_exception))
class DBDuplicateEntry(DBError):
"""Wraps an implementation specific exception."""
def __init__(self, columns=[], inner_exception=None):
self.columns = columns
super(DBDuplicateEntry, self).__init__(inner_exception)
class DBDeadlock(DBError):
def __init__(self, inner_exception=None):
super(DBDeadlock, self).__init__(inner_exception)
class DBInvalidUnicodeParameter(Exception):
message = _("Invalid Parameter: "
"Unicode is not supported by the current database.")
class DbMigrationError(DBError):
"""Wraps migration specific exception."""
def __init__(self, message=None):
super(DbMigrationError, self).__init__(str(message))

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2012 Cloudscaling Group, Inc
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

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# coding: utf-8
#
# Copyright (c) 2013 OpenStack Foundation
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
#
# Base on code in migrate/changeset/databases/sqlite.py which is under
# the following license:
#
# The MIT License
#
# Copyright (c) 2009 Evan Rosson, Jan Dittberner, Domen Kožar
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE
import distutils.version as dist_version
import os
import re
import migrate
from migrate.changeset import ansisql
from migrate.changeset.databases import sqlite
from migrate.versioning import util as migrate_util
import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy.schema import UniqueConstraint
from mistral.openstack.common.db import exception
from mistral.openstack.common.db.sqlalchemy import session as db_session
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
@migrate_util.decorator
def patched_with_engine(f, *a, **kw):
url = a[0]
engine = migrate_util.construct_engine(url, **kw)
try:
kw['engine'] = engine
return f(*a, **kw)
finally:
if isinstance(engine, migrate_util.Engine) and engine is not url:
migrate_util.log.debug('Disposing SQLAlchemy engine %s', engine)
engine.dispose()
# TODO(jkoelker) When migrate 0.7.3 is released and nova depends
# on that version or higher, this can be removed
MIN_PKG_VERSION = dist_version.StrictVersion('0.7.3')
if (not hasattr(migrate, '__version__') or
dist_version.StrictVersion(migrate.__version__) < MIN_PKG_VERSION):
migrate_util.with_engine = patched_with_engine
# NOTE(jkoelker) Delay importing migrate until we are patched
from migrate import exceptions as versioning_exceptions
from migrate.versioning import api as versioning_api
from migrate.versioning.repository import Repository
_REPOSITORY = None
get_engine = db_session.get_engine
def _get_unique_constraints(self, table):
"""Retrieve information about existing unique constraints of the table
This feature is needed for _recreate_table() to work properly.
Unfortunately, it's not available in sqlalchemy 0.7.x/0.8.x.
"""
data = table.metadata.bind.execute(
"""SELECT sql
FROM sqlite_master
WHERE
type='table' AND
name=:table_name""",
table_name=table.name
).fetchone()[0]
UNIQUE_PATTERN = "CONSTRAINT (\w+) UNIQUE \(([^\)]+)\)"
return [
UniqueConstraint(
*[getattr(table.columns, c.strip(' "')) for c in cols.split(",")],
name=name
)
for name, cols in re.findall(UNIQUE_PATTERN, data)
]
def _recreate_table(self, table, column=None, delta=None, omit_uniques=None):
"""Recreate the table properly
Unlike the corresponding original method of sqlalchemy-migrate this one
doesn't drop existing unique constraints when creating a new one.
"""
table_name = self.preparer.format_table(table)
# we remove all indexes so as not to have
# problems during copy and re-create
for index in table.indexes:
index.drop()
# reflect existing unique constraints
for uc in self._get_unique_constraints(table):
table.append_constraint(uc)
# omit given unique constraints when creating a new table if required
table.constraints = set([
cons for cons in table.constraints
if omit_uniques is None or cons.name not in omit_uniques
])
self.append('ALTER TABLE %s RENAME TO migration_tmp' % table_name)
self.execute()
insertion_string = self._modify_table(table, column, delta)
table.create(bind=self.connection)
self.append(insertion_string % {'table_name': table_name})
self.execute()
self.append('DROP TABLE migration_tmp')
self.execute()
def _visit_migrate_unique_constraint(self, *p, **k):
"""Drop the given unique constraint
The corresponding original method of sqlalchemy-migrate just
raises NotImplemented error
"""
self.recreate_table(p[0].table, omit_uniques=[p[0].name])
def patch_migrate():
"""A workaround for SQLite's inability to alter things
SQLite abilities to alter tables are very limited (please read
http://www.sqlite.org/lang_altertable.html for more details).
E. g. one can't drop a column or a constraint in SQLite. The
workaround for this is to recreate the original table omitting
the corresponding constraint (or column).
sqlalchemy-migrate library has recreate_table() method that
implements this workaround, but it does it wrong:
- information about unique constraints of a table
is not retrieved. So if you have a table with one
unique constraint and a migration adding another one
you will end up with a table that has only the
latter unique constraint, and the former will be lost
- dropping of unique constraints is not supported at all
The proper way to fix this is to provide a pull-request to
sqlalchemy-migrate, but the project seems to be dead. So we
can go on with monkey-patching of the lib at least for now.
"""
# this patch is needed to ensure that recreate_table() doesn't drop
# existing unique constraints of the table when creating a new one
helper_cls = sqlite.SQLiteHelper
helper_cls.recreate_table = _recreate_table
helper_cls._get_unique_constraints = _get_unique_constraints
# this patch is needed to be able to drop existing unique constraints
constraint_cls = sqlite.SQLiteConstraintDropper
constraint_cls.visit_migrate_unique_constraint = \
_visit_migrate_unique_constraint
constraint_cls.__bases__ = (ansisql.ANSIColumnDropper,
sqlite.SQLiteConstraintGenerator)
def db_sync(abs_path, version=None, init_version=0):
"""Upgrade or downgrade a database.
Function runs the upgrade() or downgrade() functions in change scripts.
:param abs_path: Absolute path to migrate repository.
:param version: Database will upgrade/downgrade until this version.
If None - database will update to the latest
available version.
:param init_version: Initial database version
"""
if version is not None:
try:
version = int(version)
except ValueError:
raise exception.DbMigrationError(
message=_("version should be an integer"))
current_version = db_version(abs_path, init_version)
repository = _find_migrate_repo(abs_path)
if version is None or version > current_version:
return versioning_api.upgrade(get_engine(), repository, version)
else:
return versioning_api.downgrade(get_engine(), repository,
version)
def db_version(abs_path, init_version):
"""Show the current version of the repository.
:param abs_path: Absolute path to migrate repository
:param version: Initial database version
"""
repository = _find_migrate_repo(abs_path)
try:
return versioning_api.db_version(get_engine(), repository)
except versioning_exceptions.DatabaseNotControlledError:
meta = sqlalchemy.MetaData()
engine = get_engine()
meta.reflect(bind=engine)
tables = meta.tables
if len(tables) == 0:
db_version_control(abs_path, init_version)
return versioning_api.db_version(get_engine(), repository)
else:
# Some pre-Essex DB's may not be version controlled.
# Require them to upgrade using Essex first.
raise exception.DbMigrationError(
message=_("Upgrade DB using Essex release first."))
def db_version_control(abs_path, version=None):
"""Mark a database as under this repository's version control.
Once a database is under version control, schema changes should
only be done via change scripts in this repository.
:param abs_path: Absolute path to migrate repository
:param version: Initial database version
"""
repository = _find_migrate_repo(abs_path)
versioning_api.version_control(get_engine(), repository, version)
return version
def _find_migrate_repo(abs_path):
"""Get the project's change script repository
:param abs_path: Absolute path to migrate repository
"""
global _REPOSITORY
if not os.path.exists(abs_path):
raise exception.DbMigrationError("Path %s not found" % abs_path)
if _REPOSITORY is None:
_REPOSITORY = Repository(abs_path)
return _REPOSITORY

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright (c) 2011 X.commerce, a business unit of eBay Inc.
# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# Copyright 2011 Piston Cloud Computing, Inc.
# Copyright 2012 Cloudscaling Group, Inc.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
SQLAlchemy models.
"""
import six
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer
from sqlalchemy import DateTime
from sqlalchemy.orm import object_mapper
from mistral.openstack.common.db.sqlalchemy import session as sa
from mistral.openstack.common import timeutils
class ModelBase(object):
"""Base class for models."""
__table_initialized__ = False
def save(self, session=None):
"""Save this object."""
if not session:
session = sa.get_session()
# NOTE(boris-42): This part of code should be look like:
# sesssion.add(self)
# session.flush()
# But there is a bug in sqlalchemy and eventlet that
# raises NoneType exception if there is no running
# transaction and rollback is called. As long as
# sqlalchemy has this bug we have to create transaction
# explicity.
with session.begin(subtransactions=True):
session.add(self)
session.flush()
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
setattr(self, key, value)
def __getitem__(self, key):
return getattr(self, key)
def get(self, key, default=None):
return getattr(self, key, default)
def _get_extra_keys(self):
return []
def __iter__(self):
columns = dict(object_mapper(self).columns).keys()
# NOTE(russellb): Allow models to specify other keys that can be looked
# up, beyond the actual db columns. An example would be the 'name'
# property for an Instance.
columns.extend(self._get_extra_keys())
self._i = iter(columns)
return self
def next(self):
n = six.advance_iterator(self._i)
return n, getattr(self, n)
def update(self, values):
"""Make the model object behave like a dict."""
for k, v in six.iteritems(values):
setattr(self, k, v)
def iteritems(self):
"""Make the model object behave like a dict.
Includes attributes from joins.
"""
local = dict(self)
joined = dict([(k, v) for k, v in six.iteritems(self.__dict__)
if not k[0] == '_'])
local.update(joined)
return local.iteritems()
class TimestampMixin(object):
created_at = Column(DateTime, default=timeutils.utcnow)
updated_at = Column(DateTime, onupdate=timeutils.utcnow)
class SoftDeleteMixin(object):
deleted_at = Column(DateTime)
deleted = Column(Integer, default=0)
def soft_delete(self, session=None):
"""Mark this object as deleted."""
self.deleted = self.id
self.deleted_at = timeutils.utcnow()
self.save(session=session)

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""Session Handling for SQLAlchemy backend.
Initializing:
* Call set_defaults with the minimal of the following kwargs:
sql_connection, sqlite_db
Example:
session.set_defaults(
sql_connection="sqlite:///var/lib/mistral/sqlite.db",
sqlite_db="/var/lib/mistral/sqlite.db")
Recommended ways to use sessions within this framework:
* Don't use them explicitly; this is like running with AUTOCOMMIT=1.
model_query() will implicitly use a session when called without one
supplied. This is the ideal situation because it will allow queries
to be automatically retried if the database connection is interrupted.
Note: Automatic retry will be enabled in a future patch.
It is generally fine to issue several queries in a row like this. Even though
they may be run in separate transactions and/or separate sessions, each one
will see the data from the prior calls. If needed, undo- or rollback-like
functionality should be handled at a logical level. For an example, look at
the code around quotas and reservation_rollback().
Examples:
def get_foo(context, foo):
return model_query(context, models.Foo).\
filter_by(foo=foo).\
first()
def update_foo(context, id, newfoo):
model_query(context, models.Foo).\
filter_by(id=id).\
update({'foo': newfoo})
def create_foo(context, values):
foo_ref = models.Foo()
foo_ref.update(values)
foo_ref.save()
return foo_ref
* Within the scope of a single method, keeping all the reads and writes within
the context managed by a single session. In this way, the session's __exit__
handler will take care of calling flush() and commit() for you.
If using this approach, you should not explicitly call flush() or commit().
Any error within the context of the session will cause the session to emit
a ROLLBACK. If the connection is dropped before this is possible, the
database will implicitly rollback the transaction.
Note: statements in the session scope will not be automatically retried.
If you create models within the session, they need to be added, but you
do not need to call model.save()
def create_many_foo(context, foos):
session = get_session()
with session.begin():
for foo in foos:
foo_ref = models.Foo()
foo_ref.update(foo)
session.add(foo_ref)
def update_bar(context, foo_id, newbar):
session = get_session()
with session.begin():
foo_ref = model_query(context, models.Foo, session).\
filter_by(id=foo_id).\
first()
model_query(context, models.Bar, session).\
filter_by(id=foo_ref['bar_id']).\
update({'bar': newbar})
Note: update_bar is a trivially simple example of using "with session.begin".
Whereas create_many_foo is a good example of when a transaction is needed,
it is always best to use as few queries as possible. The two queries in
update_bar can be better expressed using a single query which avoids
the need for an explicit transaction. It can be expressed like so:
def update_bar(context, foo_id, newbar):
subq = model_query(context, models.Foo.id).\
filter_by(id=foo_id).\
limit(1).\
subquery()
model_query(context, models.Bar).\
filter_by(id=subq.as_scalar()).\
update({'bar': newbar})
For reference, this emits approximagely the following SQL statement:
UPDATE bar SET bar = ${newbar}
WHERE id=(SELECT bar_id FROM foo WHERE id = ${foo_id} LIMIT 1);
* Passing an active session between methods. Sessions should only be passed
to private methods. The private method must use a subtransaction; otherwise
SQLAlchemy will throw an error when you call session.begin() on an existing
transaction. Public methods should not accept a session parameter and should
not be involved in sessions within the caller's scope.
Note that this incurs more overhead in SQLAlchemy than the above means
due to nesting transactions, and it is not possible to implicitly retry
failed database operations when using this approach.
This also makes code somewhat more difficult to read and debug, because a
single database transaction spans more than one method. Error handling
becomes less clear in this situation. When this is needed for code clarity,
it should be clearly documented.
def myfunc(foo):
session = get_session()
with session.begin():
# do some database things
bar = _private_func(foo, session)
return bar
def _private_func(foo, session=None):
if not session:
session = get_session()
with session.begin(subtransaction=True):
# do some other database things
return bar
There are some things which it is best to avoid:
* Don't keep a transaction open any longer than necessary.
This means that your "with session.begin()" block should be as short
as possible, while still containing all the related calls for that
transaction.
* Avoid "with_lockmode('UPDATE')" when possible.
In MySQL/InnoDB, when a "SELECT ... FOR UPDATE" query does not match
any rows, it will take a gap-lock. This is a form of write-lock on the
"gap" where no rows exist, and prevents any other writes to that space.
This can effectively prevent any INSERT into a table by locking the gap
at the end of the index. Similar problems will occur if the SELECT FOR UPDATE
has an overly broad WHERE clause, or doesn't properly use an index.
One idea proposed at ODS Fall '12 was to use a normal SELECT to test the
number of rows matching a query, and if only one row is returned,
then issue the SELECT FOR UPDATE.
The better long-term solution is to use INSERT .. ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE.
However, this can not be done until the "deleted" columns are removed and
proper UNIQUE constraints are added to the tables.
Enabling soft deletes:
* To use/enable soft-deletes, the SoftDeleteMixin must be added
to your model class. For example:
class NovaBase(models.SoftDeleteMixin, models.ModelBase):
pass
Efficient use of soft deletes:
* There are two possible ways to mark a record as deleted:
model.soft_delete() and query.soft_delete().
model.soft_delete() method works with single already fetched entry.
query.soft_delete() makes only one db request for all entries that correspond
to query.
* In almost all cases you should use query.soft_delete(). Some examples:
def soft_delete_bar():
count = model_query(BarModel).find(some_condition).soft_delete()
if count == 0:
raise Exception("0 entries were soft deleted")
def complex_soft_delete_with_synchronization_bar(session=None):
if session is None:
session = get_session()
with session.begin(subtransactions=True):
count = model_query(BarModel).\
find(some_condition).\
soft_delete(synchronize_session=True)
# Here synchronize_session is required, because we
# don't know what is going on in outer session.
if count == 0:
raise Exception("0 entries were soft deleted")
* There is only one situation where model.soft_delete() is appropriate: when
you fetch a single record, work with it, and mark it as deleted in the same
transaction.
def soft_delete_bar_model():
session = get_session()
with session.begin():
bar_ref = model_query(BarModel).find(some_condition).first()
# Work with bar_ref
bar_ref.soft_delete(session=session)
However, if you need to work with all entries that correspond to query and
then soft delete them you should use query.soft_delete() method:
def soft_delete_multi_models():
session = get_session()
with session.begin():
query = model_query(BarModel, session=session).\
find(some_condition)
model_refs = query.all()
# Work with model_refs
query.soft_delete(synchronize_session=False)
# synchronize_session=False should be set if there is no outer
# session and these entries are not used after this.
When working with many rows, it is very important to use query.soft_delete,
which issues a single query. Using model.soft_delete(), as in the following
example, is very inefficient.
for bar_ref in bar_refs:
bar_ref.soft_delete(session=session)
# This will produce count(bar_refs) db requests.
"""
import functools
import os.path
import re
import time
from oslo.config import cfg
import six
from sqlalchemy import exc as sqla_exc
import sqlalchemy.interfaces
from sqlalchemy.interfaces import PoolListener
import sqlalchemy.orm
from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool, StaticPool
from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import literal_column
from mistral.openstack.common.db import exception
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
from mistral.openstack.common import log as logging
from mistral.openstack.common import timeutils
sqlite_db_opts = [
cfg.StrOpt('sqlite_db',
default='mistral.sqlite',
help='the filename to use with sqlite'),
cfg.BoolOpt('sqlite_synchronous',
default=True,
help='If true, use synchronous mode for sqlite'),
]
database_opts = [
cfg.StrOpt('connection',
default='sqlite:///' +
os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
'../', '$sqlite_db')),
help='The SQLAlchemy connection string used to connect to the '
'database',
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_connection',
group='DEFAULT'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_connection',
group='DATABASE'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('connection',
group='sql'), ]),
cfg.StrOpt('slave_connection',
default='',
help='The SQLAlchemy connection string used to connect to the '
'slave database'),
cfg.IntOpt('idle_timeout',
default=3600,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_idle_timeout',
group='DEFAULT'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_idle_timeout',
group='DATABASE')],
help='timeout before idle sql connections are reaped'),
cfg.IntOpt('min_pool_size',
default=1,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_min_pool_size',
group='DEFAULT'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_min_pool_size',
group='DATABASE')],
help='Minimum number of SQL connections to keep open in a '
'pool'),
cfg.IntOpt('max_pool_size',
default=None,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_max_pool_size',
group='DEFAULT'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_max_pool_size',
group='DATABASE')],
help='Maximum number of SQL connections to keep open in a '
'pool'),
cfg.IntOpt('max_retries',
default=10,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_max_retries',
group='DEFAULT'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_max_retries',
group='DATABASE')],
help='maximum db connection retries during startup. '
'(setting -1 implies an infinite retry count)'),
cfg.IntOpt('retry_interval',
default=10,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_retry_interval',
group='DEFAULT'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('reconnect_interval',
group='DATABASE')],
help='interval between retries of opening a sql connection'),
cfg.IntOpt('max_overflow',
default=None,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_max_overflow',
group='DEFAULT'),
cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sqlalchemy_max_overflow',
group='DATABASE')],
help='If set, use this value for max_overflow with sqlalchemy'),
cfg.IntOpt('connection_debug',
default=0,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_connection_debug',
group='DEFAULT')],
help='Verbosity of SQL debugging information. 0=None, '
'100=Everything'),
cfg.BoolOpt('connection_trace',
default=False,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sql_connection_trace',
group='DEFAULT')],
help='Add python stack traces to SQL as comment strings'),
cfg.IntOpt('pool_timeout',
default=None,
deprecated_opts=[cfg.DeprecatedOpt('sqlalchemy_pool_timeout',
group='DATABASE')],
help='If set, use this value for pool_timeout with sqlalchemy'),
]
CONF = cfg.CONF
CONF.register_opts(sqlite_db_opts)
CONF.register_opts(database_opts, 'database')
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_ENGINE = None
_MAKER = None
_SLAVE_ENGINE = None
_SLAVE_MAKER = None
def set_defaults(sql_connection, sqlite_db, max_pool_size=None,
max_overflow=None, pool_timeout=None):
"""Set defaults for configuration variables."""
cfg.set_defaults(database_opts,
connection=sql_connection)
cfg.set_defaults(sqlite_db_opts,
sqlite_db=sqlite_db)
# Update the QueuePool defaults
if max_pool_size is not None:
cfg.set_defaults(database_opts,
max_pool_size=max_pool_size)
if max_overflow is not None:
cfg.set_defaults(database_opts,
max_overflow=max_overflow)
if pool_timeout is not None:
cfg.set_defaults(database_opts,
pool_timeout=pool_timeout)
def cleanup():
global _ENGINE, _MAKER
global _SLAVE_ENGINE, _SLAVE_MAKER
if _MAKER:
_MAKER.close_all()
_MAKER = None
if _ENGINE:
_ENGINE.dispose()
_ENGINE = None
if _SLAVE_MAKER:
_SLAVE_MAKER.close_all()
_SLAVE_MAKER = None
if _SLAVE_ENGINE:
_SLAVE_ENGINE.dispose()
_SLAVE_ENGINE = None
class SqliteForeignKeysListener(PoolListener):
"""Ensures that the foreign key constraints are enforced in SQLite.
The foreign key constraints are disabled by default in SQLite,
so the foreign key constraints will be enabled here for every
database connection
"""
def connect(self, dbapi_con, con_record):
dbapi_con.execute('pragma foreign_keys=ON')
def get_session(autocommit=True, expire_on_commit=False,
sqlite_fk=False, slave_session=False):
"""Return a SQLAlchemy session."""
global _MAKER
global _SLAVE_MAKER
maker = _MAKER
if slave_session:
maker = _SLAVE_MAKER
if maker is None:
engine = get_engine(sqlite_fk=sqlite_fk, slave_engine=slave_session)
maker = get_maker(engine, autocommit, expire_on_commit)
if slave_session:
_SLAVE_MAKER = maker
else:
_MAKER = maker
session = maker()
return session
# note(boris-42): In current versions of DB backends unique constraint
# violation messages follow the structure:
#
# sqlite:
# 1 column - (IntegrityError) column c1 is not unique
# N columns - (IntegrityError) column c1, c2, ..., N are not unique
#
# postgres:
# 1 column - (IntegrityError) duplicate key value violates unique
# constraint "users_c1_key"
# N columns - (IntegrityError) duplicate key value violates unique
# constraint "name_of_our_constraint"
#
# mysql:
# 1 column - (IntegrityError) (1062, "Duplicate entry 'value_of_c1' for key
# 'c1'")
# N columns - (IntegrityError) (1062, "Duplicate entry 'values joined
# with -' for key 'name_of_our_constraint'")
_DUP_KEY_RE_DB = {
"sqlite": re.compile(r"^.*columns?([^)]+)(is|are)\s+not\s+unique$"),
"postgresql": re.compile(r"^.*duplicate\s+key.*\"([^\"]+)\"\s*\n.*$"),
"mysql": re.compile(r"^.*\(1062,.*'([^\']+)'\"\)$")
}
def _raise_if_duplicate_entry_error(integrity_error, engine_name):
"""Raise exception if two entries are duplicated.
In this function will be raised DBDuplicateEntry exception if integrity
error wrap unique constraint violation.
"""
def get_columns_from_uniq_cons_or_name(columns):
# note(vsergeyev): UniqueConstraint name convention: "uniq_t0c10c2"
# where `t` it is table name and columns `c1`, `c2`
# are in UniqueConstraint.
uniqbase = "uniq_"
if not columns.startswith(uniqbase):
if engine_name == "postgresql":
return [columns[columns.index("_") + 1:columns.rindex("_")]]
return [columns]
return columns[len(uniqbase):].split("0")[1:]
if engine_name not in ["mysql", "sqlite", "postgresql"]:
return
# FIXME(johannes): The usage of the .message attribute has been
# deprecated since Python 2.6. However, the exceptions raised by
# SQLAlchemy can differ when using unicode() and accessing .message.
# An audit across all three supported engines will be necessary to
# ensure there are no regressions.
m = _DUP_KEY_RE_DB[engine_name].match(integrity_error.message)
if not m:
return
columns = m.group(1)
if engine_name == "sqlite":
columns = columns.strip().split(", ")
else:
columns = get_columns_from_uniq_cons_or_name(columns)
raise exception.DBDuplicateEntry(columns, integrity_error)
# NOTE(comstud): In current versions of DB backends, Deadlock violation
# messages follow the structure:
#
# mysql:
# (OperationalError) (1213, 'Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try '
# 'restarting transaction') <query_str> <query_args>
_DEADLOCK_RE_DB = {
"mysql": re.compile(r"^.*\(1213, 'Deadlock.*")
}
def _raise_if_deadlock_error(operational_error, engine_name):
"""Raise exception on deadlock condition.
Raise DBDeadlock exception if OperationalError contains a Deadlock
condition.
"""
re = _DEADLOCK_RE_DB.get(engine_name)
if re is None:
return
# FIXME(johannes): The usage of the .message attribute has been
# deprecated since Python 2.6. However, the exceptions raised by
# SQLAlchemy can differ when using unicode() and accessing .message.
# An audit across all three supported engines will be necessary to
# ensure there are no regressions.
m = re.match(operational_error.message)
if not m:
return
raise exception.DBDeadlock(operational_error)
def _wrap_db_error(f):
@functools.wraps(f)
def _wrap(*args, **kwargs):
try:
return f(*args, **kwargs)
except UnicodeEncodeError:
raise exception.DBInvalidUnicodeParameter()
# note(boris-42): We should catch unique constraint violation and
# wrap it by our own DBDuplicateEntry exception. Unique constraint
# violation is wrapped by IntegrityError.
except sqla_exc.OperationalError as e:
_raise_if_deadlock_error(e, get_engine().name)
# NOTE(comstud): A lot of code is checking for OperationalError
# so let's not wrap it for now.
raise
except sqla_exc.IntegrityError as e:
# note(boris-42): SqlAlchemy doesn't unify errors from different
# DBs so we must do this. Also in some tables (for example
# instance_types) there are more than one unique constraint. This
# means we should get names of columns, which values violate
# unique constraint, from error message.
_raise_if_duplicate_entry_error(e, get_engine().name)
raise exception.DBError(e)
except Exception as e:
LOG.exception(_('DB exception wrapped.'))
raise exception.DBError(e)
return _wrap
def get_engine(sqlite_fk=False, slave_engine=False):
"""Return a SQLAlchemy engine."""
global _ENGINE
global _SLAVE_ENGINE
engine = _ENGINE
db_uri = CONF.database.connection
if slave_engine:
engine = _SLAVE_ENGINE
db_uri = CONF.database.slave_connection
if engine is None:
engine = create_engine(db_uri,
sqlite_fk=sqlite_fk)
if slave_engine:
_SLAVE_ENGINE = engine
else:
_ENGINE = engine
return engine
def _synchronous_switch_listener(dbapi_conn, connection_rec):
"""Switch sqlite connections to non-synchronous mode."""
dbapi_conn.execute("PRAGMA synchronous = OFF")
def _add_regexp_listener(dbapi_con, con_record):
"""Add REGEXP function to sqlite connections."""
def regexp(expr, item):
reg = re.compile(expr)
return reg.search(six.text_type(item)) is not None
dbapi_con.create_function('regexp', 2, regexp)
def _thread_yield(dbapi_con, con_record):
"""Ensure other greenthreads get a chance to be executed.
If we use eventlet.monkey_patch(), eventlet.greenthread.sleep(0) will
execute instead of time.sleep(0).
Force a context switch. With common database backends (eg MySQLdb and
sqlite), there is no implicit yield caused by network I/O since they are
implemented by C libraries that eventlet cannot monkey patch.
"""
time.sleep(0)
def _ping_listener(dbapi_conn, connection_rec, connection_proxy):
"""Ensures that MySQL connections checked out of the pool are alive.
Borrowed from:
http://groups.google.com/group/sqlalchemy/msg/a4ce563d802c929f
"""
try:
dbapi_conn.cursor().execute('select 1')
except dbapi_conn.OperationalError as ex:
if ex.args[0] in (2006, 2013, 2014, 2045, 2055):
LOG.warn(_('Got mysql server has gone away: %s'), ex)
raise sqla_exc.DisconnectionError("Database server went away")
else:
raise
def _is_db_connection_error(args):
"""Return True if error in connecting to db."""
# NOTE(adam_g): This is currently MySQL specific and needs to be extended
# to support Postgres and others.
# For the db2, the error code is -30081 since the db2 is still not ready
conn_err_codes = ('2002', '2003', '2006', '-30081')
for err_code in conn_err_codes:
if args.find(err_code) != -1:
return True
return False
def create_engine(sql_connection, sqlite_fk=False):
"""Return a new SQLAlchemy engine."""
# NOTE(geekinutah): At this point we could be connecting to the normal
# db handle or the slave db handle. Things like
# _wrap_db_error aren't going to work well if their
# backends don't match. Let's check.
_assert_matching_drivers()
connection_dict = sqlalchemy.engine.url.make_url(sql_connection)
engine_args = {
"pool_recycle": CONF.database.idle_timeout,
"echo": False,
'convert_unicode': True,
}
# Map our SQL debug level to SQLAlchemy's options
if CONF.database.connection_debug >= 100:
engine_args['echo'] = 'debug'
elif CONF.database.connection_debug >= 50:
engine_args['echo'] = True
if "sqlite" in connection_dict.drivername:
if sqlite_fk:
engine_args["listeners"] = [SqliteForeignKeysListener()]
engine_args["poolclass"] = NullPool
if CONF.database.connection == "sqlite://":
engine_args["poolclass"] = StaticPool
engine_args["connect_args"] = {'check_same_thread': False}
else:
if CONF.database.max_pool_size is not None:
engine_args['pool_size'] = CONF.database.max_pool_size
if CONF.database.max_overflow is not None:
engine_args['max_overflow'] = CONF.database.max_overflow
if CONF.database.pool_timeout is not None:
engine_args['pool_timeout'] = CONF.database.pool_timeout
engine = sqlalchemy.create_engine(sql_connection, **engine_args)
sqlalchemy.event.listen(engine, 'checkin', _thread_yield)
if 'mysql' in connection_dict.drivername:
sqlalchemy.event.listen(engine, 'checkout', _ping_listener)
elif 'sqlite' in connection_dict.drivername:
if not CONF.sqlite_synchronous:
sqlalchemy.event.listen(engine, 'connect',
_synchronous_switch_listener)
sqlalchemy.event.listen(engine, 'connect', _add_regexp_listener)
if (CONF.database.connection_trace and
engine.dialect.dbapi.__name__ == 'MySQLdb'):
_patch_mysqldb_with_stacktrace_comments()
try:
engine.connect()
except sqla_exc.OperationalError as e:
if not _is_db_connection_error(e.args[0]):
raise
remaining = CONF.database.max_retries
if remaining == -1:
remaining = 'infinite'
while True:
msg = _('SQL connection failed. %s attempts left.')
LOG.warn(msg % remaining)
if remaining != 'infinite':
remaining -= 1
time.sleep(CONF.database.retry_interval)
try:
engine.connect()
break
except sqla_exc.OperationalError as e:
if (remaining != 'infinite' and remaining == 0) or \
not _is_db_connection_error(e.args[0]):
raise
return engine
class Query(sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query):
"""Subclass of sqlalchemy.query with soft_delete() method."""
def soft_delete(self, synchronize_session='evaluate'):
return self.update({'deleted': literal_column('id'),
'updated_at': literal_column('updated_at'),
'deleted_at': timeutils.utcnow()},
synchronize_session=synchronize_session)
class Session(sqlalchemy.orm.session.Session):
"""Custom Session class to avoid SqlAlchemy Session monkey patching."""
@_wrap_db_error
def query(self, *args, **kwargs):
return super(Session, self).query(*args, **kwargs)
@_wrap_db_error
def flush(self, *args, **kwargs):
return super(Session, self).flush(*args, **kwargs)
@_wrap_db_error
def execute(self, *args, **kwargs):
return super(Session, self).execute(*args, **kwargs)
def get_maker(engine, autocommit=True, expire_on_commit=False):
"""Return a SQLAlchemy sessionmaker using the given engine."""
return sqlalchemy.orm.sessionmaker(bind=engine,
class_=Session,
autocommit=autocommit,
expire_on_commit=expire_on_commit,
query_cls=Query)
def _patch_mysqldb_with_stacktrace_comments():
"""Adds current stack trace as a comment in queries.
Patches MySQLdb.cursors.BaseCursor._do_query.
"""
import MySQLdb.cursors
import traceback
old_mysql_do_query = MySQLdb.cursors.BaseCursor._do_query
def _do_query(self, q):
stack = ''
for filename, line, method, function in traceback.extract_stack():
# exclude various common things from trace
if filename.endswith('session.py') and method == '_do_query':
continue
if filename.endswith('api.py') and method == 'wrapper':
continue
if filename.endswith('utils.py') and method == '_inner':
continue
if filename.endswith('exception.py') and method == '_wrap':
continue
# db/api is just a wrapper around db/sqlalchemy/api
if filename.endswith('db/api.py'):
continue
# only trace inside mistral
index = filename.rfind('mistral')
if index == -1:
continue
stack += "File:%s:%s Method:%s() Line:%s | " \
% (filename[index:], line, method, function)
# strip trailing " | " from stack
if stack:
stack = stack[:-3]
qq = "%s /* %s */" % (q, stack)
else:
qq = q
old_mysql_do_query(self, qq)
setattr(MySQLdb.cursors.BaseCursor, '_do_query', _do_query)
def _assert_matching_drivers():
"""Make sure slave handle and normal handle have the same driver."""
# NOTE(geekinutah): There's no use case for writing to one backend and
# reading from another. Who knows what the future holds?
if CONF.database.slave_connection == '':
return
normal = sqlalchemy.engine.url.make_url(CONF.database.connection)
slave = sqlalchemy.engine.url.make_url(CONF.database.slave_connection)
assert normal.drivername == slave.drivername

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@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010-2011 OpenStack Foundation
# Copyright 2012-2013 IBM Corp.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import commands
import ConfigParser
import os
import urlparse
import sqlalchemy
import sqlalchemy.exc
from mistral.openstack.common import lockutils
from mistral.openstack.common import log as logging
from mistral.openstack.common import test
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def _get_connect_string(backend, user, passwd, database):
"""Get database connection
Try to get a connection with a very specific set of values, if we get
these then we'll run the tests, otherwise they are skipped
"""
if backend == "postgres":
backend = "postgresql+psycopg2"
elif backend == "mysql":
backend = "mysql+mysqldb"
else:
raise Exception("Unrecognized backend: '%s'" % backend)
return ("%(backend)s://%(user)s:%(passwd)s@localhost/%(database)s"
% {'backend': backend, 'user': user, 'passwd': passwd,
'database': database})
def _is_backend_avail(backend, user, passwd, database):
try:
connect_uri = _get_connect_string(backend, user, passwd, database)
engine = sqlalchemy.create_engine(connect_uri)
connection = engine.connect()
except Exception:
# intentionally catch all to handle exceptions even if we don't
# have any backend code loaded.
return False
else:
connection.close()
engine.dispose()
return True
def _have_mysql(user, passwd, database):
present = os.environ.get('TEST_MYSQL_PRESENT')
if present is None:
return _is_backend_avail('mysql', user, passwd, database)
return present.lower() in ('', 'true')
def _have_postgresql(user, passwd, database):
present = os.environ.get('TEST_POSTGRESQL_PRESENT')
if present is None:
return _is_backend_avail('postgres', user, passwd, database)
return present.lower() in ('', 'true')
def get_db_connection_info(conn_pieces):
database = conn_pieces.path.strip('/')
loc_pieces = conn_pieces.netloc.split('@')
host = loc_pieces[1]
auth_pieces = loc_pieces[0].split(':')
user = auth_pieces[0]
password = ""
if len(auth_pieces) > 1:
password = auth_pieces[1].strip()
return (user, password, database, host)
class BaseMigrationTestCase(test.BaseTestCase):
"""Base class fort testing of migration utils."""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(BaseMigrationTestCase, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
'test_migrations.conf')
# Test machines can set the TEST_MIGRATIONS_CONF variable
# to override the location of the config file for migration testing
self.CONFIG_FILE_PATH = os.environ.get('TEST_MIGRATIONS_CONF',
self.DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE)
self.test_databases = {}
self.migration_api = None
def setUp(self):
super(BaseMigrationTestCase, self).setUp()
# Load test databases from the config file. Only do this
# once. No need to re-run this on each test...
LOG.debug('config_path is %s' % self.CONFIG_FILE_PATH)
if os.path.exists(self.CONFIG_FILE_PATH):
cp = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
try:
cp.read(self.CONFIG_FILE_PATH)
defaults = cp.defaults()
for key, value in defaults.items():
self.test_databases[key] = value
except ConfigParser.ParsingError as e:
self.fail("Failed to read test_migrations.conf config "
"file. Got error: %s" % e)
else:
self.fail("Failed to find test_migrations.conf config "
"file.")
self.engines = {}
for key, value in self.test_databases.items():
self.engines[key] = sqlalchemy.create_engine(value)
# We start each test case with a completely blank slate.
self._reset_databases()
def tearDown(self):
# We destroy the test data store between each test case,
# and recreate it, which ensures that we have no side-effects
# from the tests
self._reset_databases()
super(BaseMigrationTestCase, self).tearDown()
def execute_cmd(self, cmd=None):
status, output = commands.getstatusoutput(cmd)
LOG.debug(output)
self.assertEqual(0, status,
"Failed to run: %s\n%s" % (cmd, output))
@lockutils.synchronized('pgadmin', 'tests-', external=True)
def _reset_pg(self, conn_pieces):
(user, password, database, host) = get_db_connection_info(conn_pieces)
os.environ['PGPASSWORD'] = password
os.environ['PGUSER'] = user
# note(boris-42): We must create and drop database, we can't
# drop database which we have connected to, so for such
# operations there is a special database template1.
sqlcmd = ("psql -w -U %(user)s -h %(host)s -c"
" '%(sql)s' -d template1")
sql = ("drop database if exists %s;") % database
droptable = sqlcmd % {'user': user, 'host': host, 'sql': sql}
self.execute_cmd(droptable)
sql = ("create database %s;") % database
createtable = sqlcmd % {'user': user, 'host': host, 'sql': sql}
self.execute_cmd(createtable)
os.unsetenv('PGPASSWORD')
os.unsetenv('PGUSER')
def _reset_databases(self):
for key, engine in self.engines.items():
conn_string = self.test_databases[key]
conn_pieces = urlparse.urlparse(conn_string)
engine.dispose()
if conn_string.startswith('sqlite'):
# We can just delete the SQLite database, which is
# the easiest and cleanest solution
db_path = conn_pieces.path.strip('/')
if os.path.exists(db_path):
os.unlink(db_path)
# No need to recreate the SQLite DB. SQLite will
# create it for us if it's not there...
elif conn_string.startswith('mysql'):
# We can execute the MySQL client to destroy and re-create
# the MYSQL database, which is easier and less error-prone
# than using SQLAlchemy to do this via MetaData...trust me.
(user, password, database, host) = \
get_db_connection_info(conn_pieces)
sql = ("drop database if exists %(db)s; "
"create database %(db)s;") % {'db': database}
cmd = ("mysql -u \"%(user)s\" -p\"%(password)s\" -h %(host)s "
"-e \"%(sql)s\"") % {'user': user, 'password': password,
'host': host, 'sql': sql}
self.execute_cmd(cmd)
elif conn_string.startswith('postgresql'):
self._reset_pg(conn_pieces)
class WalkVersionsMixin(object):
def _walk_versions(self, engine=None, snake_walk=False, downgrade=True):
# Determine latest version script from the repo, then
# upgrade from 1 through to the latest, with no data
# in the databases. This just checks that the schema itself
# upgrades successfully.
# Place the database under version control
self.migration_api.version_control(engine, self.REPOSITORY,
self.INIT_VERSION)
self.assertEqual(self.INIT_VERSION,
self.migration_api.db_version(engine,
self.REPOSITORY))
LOG.debug('latest version is %s' % self.REPOSITORY.latest)
versions = range(self.INIT_VERSION + 1, self.REPOSITORY.latest + 1)
for version in versions:
# upgrade -> downgrade -> upgrade
self._migrate_up(engine, version, with_data=True)
if snake_walk:
downgraded = self._migrate_down(
engine, version - 1, with_data=True)
if downgraded:
self._migrate_up(engine, version)
if downgrade:
# Now walk it back down to 0 from the latest, testing
# the downgrade paths.
for version in reversed(versions):
# downgrade -> upgrade -> downgrade
downgraded = self._migrate_down(engine, version - 1)
if snake_walk and downgraded:
self._migrate_up(engine, version)
self._migrate_down(engine, version - 1)
def _migrate_down(self, engine, version, with_data=False):
try:
self.migration_api.downgrade(engine, self.REPOSITORY, version)
except NotImplementedError:
# NOTE(sirp): some migrations, namely release-level
# migrations, don't support a downgrade.
return False
self.assertEqual(
version, self.migration_api.db_version(engine, self.REPOSITORY))
# NOTE(sirp): `version` is what we're downgrading to (i.e. the 'target'
# version). So if we have any downgrade checks, they need to be run for
# the previous (higher numbered) migration.
if with_data:
post_downgrade = getattr(
self, "_post_downgrade_%03d" % (version + 1), None)
if post_downgrade:
post_downgrade(engine)
return True
def _migrate_up(self, engine, version, with_data=False):
"""migrate up to a new version of the db.
We allow for data insertion and post checks at every
migration version with special _pre_upgrade_### and
_check_### functions in the main test.
"""
# NOTE(sdague): try block is here because it's impossible to debug
# where a failed data migration happens otherwise
try:
if with_data:
data = None
pre_upgrade = getattr(
self, "_pre_upgrade_%03d" % version, None)
if pre_upgrade:
data = pre_upgrade(engine)
self.migration_api.upgrade(engine, self.REPOSITORY, version)
self.assertEqual(version,
self.migration_api.db_version(engine,
self.REPOSITORY))
if with_data:
check = getattr(self, "_check_%03d" % version, None)
if check:
check(engine, data)
except Exception:
LOG.error("Failed to migrate to version %s on engine %s" %
(version, engine))
raise

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# Copyright 2010-2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# Copyright 2012 Justin Santa Barbara
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import re
from migrate.changeset import UniqueConstraint
import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import Boolean
from sqlalchemy import CheckConstraint
from sqlalchemy import Column
from sqlalchemy.engine import reflection
from sqlalchemy.ext.compiler import compiles
from sqlalchemy import func
from sqlalchemy import Index
from sqlalchemy import Integer
from sqlalchemy import MetaData
from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import literal_column
from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import UpdateBase
from sqlalchemy.sql import select
from sqlalchemy import String
from sqlalchemy import Table
from sqlalchemy.types import NullType
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
from mistral.openstack.common import log as logging
from mistral.openstack.common import timeutils
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_DBURL_REGEX = re.compile(r"[^:]+://([^:]+):([^@]+)@.+")
def sanitize_db_url(url):
match = _DBURL_REGEX.match(url)
if match:
return '%s****:****%s' % (url[:match.start(1)], url[match.end(2):])
return url
class InvalidSortKey(Exception):
message = _("Sort key supplied was not valid.")
# copy from glance/db/sqlalchemy/api.py
def paginate_query(query, model, limit, sort_keys, marker=None,
sort_dir=None, sort_dirs=None):
"""Returns a query with sorting / pagination criteria added.
Pagination works by requiring a unique sort_key, specified by sort_keys.
(If sort_keys is not unique, then we risk looping through values.)
We use the last row in the previous page as the 'marker' for pagination.
So we must return values that follow the passed marker in the order.
With a single-valued sort_key, this would be easy: sort_key > X.
With a compound-values sort_key, (k1, k2, k3) we must do this to repeat
the lexicographical ordering:
(k1 > X1) or (k1 == X1 && k2 > X2) or (k1 == X1 && k2 == X2 && k3 > X3)
We also have to cope with different sort_directions.
Typically, the id of the last row is used as the client-facing pagination
marker, then the actual marker object must be fetched from the db and
passed in to us as marker.
:param query: the query object to which we should add paging/sorting
:param model: the ORM model class
:param limit: maximum number of items to return
:param sort_keys: array of attributes by which results should be sorted
:param marker: the last item of the previous page; we returns the next
results after this value.
:param sort_dir: direction in which results should be sorted (asc, desc)
:param sort_dirs: per-column array of sort_dirs, corresponding to sort_keys
:rtype: sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query
:return: The query with sorting/pagination added.
"""
if 'id' not in sort_keys:
# TODO(justinsb): If this ever gives a false-positive, check
# the actual primary key, rather than assuming its id
LOG.warn(_('Id not in sort_keys; is sort_keys unique?'))
assert(not (sort_dir and sort_dirs))
# Default the sort direction to ascending
if sort_dirs is None and sort_dir is None:
sort_dir = 'asc'
# Ensure a per-column sort direction
if sort_dirs is None:
sort_dirs = [sort_dir for _sort_key in sort_keys]
assert(len(sort_dirs) == len(sort_keys))
# Add sorting
for current_sort_key, current_sort_dir in zip(sort_keys, sort_dirs):
try:
sort_dir_func = {
'asc': sqlalchemy.asc,
'desc': sqlalchemy.desc,
}[current_sort_dir]
except KeyError:
raise ValueError(_("Unknown sort direction, "
"must be 'desc' or 'asc'"))
try:
sort_key_attr = getattr(model, current_sort_key)
except AttributeError:
raise InvalidSortKey()
query = query.order_by(sort_dir_func(sort_key_attr))
# Add pagination
if marker is not None:
marker_values = []
for sort_key in sort_keys:
v = getattr(marker, sort_key)
marker_values.append(v)
# Build up an array of sort criteria as in the docstring
criteria_list = []
for i in range(0, len(sort_keys)):
crit_attrs = []
for j in range(0, i):
model_attr = getattr(model, sort_keys[j])
crit_attrs.append((model_attr == marker_values[j]))
model_attr = getattr(model, sort_keys[i])
if sort_dirs[i] == 'desc':
crit_attrs.append((model_attr < marker_values[i]))
else:
crit_attrs.append((model_attr > marker_values[i]))
criteria = sqlalchemy.sql.and_(*crit_attrs)
criteria_list.append(criteria)
f = sqlalchemy.sql.or_(*criteria_list)
query = query.filter(f)
if limit is not None:
query = query.limit(limit)
return query
def get_table(engine, name):
"""Returns an sqlalchemy table dynamically from db.
Needed because the models don't work for us in migrations
as models will be far out of sync with the current data.
"""
metadata = MetaData()
metadata.bind = engine
return Table(name, metadata, autoload=True)
class InsertFromSelect(UpdateBase):
"""Form the base for `INSERT INTO table (SELECT ... )` statement."""
def __init__(self, table, select):
self.table = table
self.select = select
@compiles(InsertFromSelect)
def visit_insert_from_select(element, compiler, **kw):
"""Form the `INSERT INTO table (SELECT ... )` statement."""
return "INSERT INTO %s %s" % (
compiler.process(element.table, asfrom=True),
compiler.process(element.select))
class ColumnError(Exception):
"""Error raised when no column or an invalid column is found."""
def _get_not_supported_column(col_name_col_instance, column_name):
try:
column = col_name_col_instance[column_name]
except KeyError:
msg = _("Please specify column %s in col_name_col_instance "
"param. It is required because column has unsupported "
"type by sqlite).")
raise ColumnError(msg % column_name)
if not isinstance(column, Column):
msg = _("col_name_col_instance param has wrong type of "
"column instance for column %s It should be instance "
"of sqlalchemy.Column.")
raise ColumnError(msg % column_name)
return column
def drop_unique_constraint(migrate_engine, table_name, uc_name, *columns,
**col_name_col_instance):
"""Drop unique constraint from table.
This method drops UC from table and works for mysql, postgresql and sqlite.
In mysql and postgresql we are able to use "alter table" construction.
Sqlalchemy doesn't support some sqlite column types and replaces their
type with NullType in metadata. We process these columns and replace
NullType with the correct column type.
:param migrate_engine: sqlalchemy engine
:param table_name: name of table that contains uniq constraint.
:param uc_name: name of uniq constraint that will be dropped.
:param columns: columns that are in uniq constraint.
:param col_name_col_instance: contains pair column_name=column_instance.
column_instance is instance of Column. These params
are required only for columns that have unsupported
types by sqlite. For example BigInteger.
"""
meta = MetaData()
meta.bind = migrate_engine
t = Table(table_name, meta, autoload=True)
if migrate_engine.name == "sqlite":
override_cols = [
_get_not_supported_column(col_name_col_instance, col.name)
for col in t.columns
if isinstance(col.type, NullType)
]
for col in override_cols:
t.columns.replace(col)
uc = UniqueConstraint(*columns, table=t, name=uc_name)
uc.drop()
def drop_old_duplicate_entries_from_table(migrate_engine, table_name,
use_soft_delete, *uc_column_names):
"""Drop all old rows having the same values for columns in uc_columns.
This method drop (or mark ad `deleted` if use_soft_delete is True) old
duplicate rows form table with name `table_name`.
:param migrate_engine: Sqlalchemy engine
:param table_name: Table with duplicates
:param use_soft_delete: If True - values will be marked as `deleted`,
if False - values will be removed from table
:param uc_column_names: Unique constraint columns
"""
meta = MetaData()
meta.bind = migrate_engine
table = Table(table_name, meta, autoload=True)
columns_for_group_by = [table.c[name] for name in uc_column_names]
columns_for_select = [func.max(table.c.id)]
columns_for_select.extend(columns_for_group_by)
duplicated_rows_select = select(columns_for_select,
group_by=columns_for_group_by,
having=func.count(table.c.id) > 1)
for row in migrate_engine.execute(duplicated_rows_select):
# NOTE(boris-42): Do not remove row that has the biggest ID.
delete_condition = table.c.id != row[0]
is_none = None # workaround for pyflakes
delete_condition &= table.c.deleted_at == is_none
for name in uc_column_names:
delete_condition &= table.c[name] == row[name]
rows_to_delete_select = select([table.c.id]).where(delete_condition)
for row in migrate_engine.execute(rows_to_delete_select).fetchall():
LOG.info(_("Deleting duplicated row with id: %(id)s from table: "
"%(table)s") % dict(id=row[0], table=table_name))
if use_soft_delete:
delete_statement = table.update().\
where(delete_condition).\
values({
'deleted': literal_column('id'),
'updated_at': literal_column('updated_at'),
'deleted_at': timeutils.utcnow()
})
else:
delete_statement = table.delete().where(delete_condition)
migrate_engine.execute(delete_statement)
def _get_default_deleted_value(table):
if isinstance(table.c.id.type, Integer):
return 0
if isinstance(table.c.id.type, String):
return ""
raise ColumnError(_("Unsupported id columns type"))
def _restore_indexes_on_deleted_columns(migrate_engine, table_name, indexes):
table = get_table(migrate_engine, table_name)
insp = reflection.Inspector.from_engine(migrate_engine)
real_indexes = insp.get_indexes(table_name)
existing_index_names = dict(
[(index['name'], index['column_names']) for index in real_indexes])
# NOTE(boris-42): Restore indexes on `deleted` column
for index in indexes:
if 'deleted' not in index['column_names']:
continue
name = index['name']
if name in existing_index_names:
column_names = [table.c[c] for c in existing_index_names[name]]
old_index = Index(name, *column_names, unique=index["unique"])
old_index.drop(migrate_engine)
column_names = [table.c[c] for c in index['column_names']]
new_index = Index(index["name"], *column_names, unique=index["unique"])
new_index.create(migrate_engine)
def change_deleted_column_type_to_boolean(migrate_engine, table_name,
**col_name_col_instance):
if migrate_engine.name == "sqlite":
return _change_deleted_column_type_to_boolean_sqlite(
migrate_engine, table_name, **col_name_col_instance)
insp = reflection.Inspector.from_engine(migrate_engine)
indexes = insp.get_indexes(table_name)
table = get_table(migrate_engine, table_name)
old_deleted = Column('old_deleted', Boolean, default=False)
old_deleted.create(table, populate_default=False)
table.update().\
where(table.c.deleted == table.c.id).\
values(old_deleted=True).\
execute()
table.c.deleted.drop()
table.c.old_deleted.alter(name="deleted")
_restore_indexes_on_deleted_columns(migrate_engine, table_name, indexes)
def _change_deleted_column_type_to_boolean_sqlite(migrate_engine, table_name,
**col_name_col_instance):
insp = reflection.Inspector.from_engine(migrate_engine)
table = get_table(migrate_engine, table_name)
columns = []
for column in table.columns:
column_copy = None
if column.name != "deleted":
if isinstance(column.type, NullType):
column_copy = _get_not_supported_column(col_name_col_instance,
column.name)
else:
column_copy = column.copy()
else:
column_copy = Column('deleted', Boolean, default=0)
columns.append(column_copy)
constraints = [constraint.copy() for constraint in table.constraints]
meta = table.metadata
new_table = Table(table_name + "__tmp__", meta,
*(columns + constraints))
new_table.create()
indexes = []
for index in insp.get_indexes(table_name):
column_names = [new_table.c[c] for c in index['column_names']]
indexes.append(Index(index["name"], *column_names,
unique=index["unique"]))
c_select = []
for c in table.c:
if c.name != "deleted":
c_select.append(c)
else:
c_select.append(table.c.deleted == table.c.id)
ins = InsertFromSelect(new_table, select(c_select))
migrate_engine.execute(ins)
table.drop()
[index.create(migrate_engine) for index in indexes]
new_table.rename(table_name)
new_table.update().\
where(new_table.c.deleted == new_table.c.id).\
values(deleted=True).\
execute()
def change_deleted_column_type_to_id_type(migrate_engine, table_name,
**col_name_col_instance):
if migrate_engine.name == "sqlite":
return _change_deleted_column_type_to_id_type_sqlite(
migrate_engine, table_name, **col_name_col_instance)
insp = reflection.Inspector.from_engine(migrate_engine)
indexes = insp.get_indexes(table_name)
table = get_table(migrate_engine, table_name)
new_deleted = Column('new_deleted', table.c.id.type,
default=_get_default_deleted_value(table))
new_deleted.create(table, populate_default=True)
deleted = True # workaround for pyflakes
table.update().\
where(table.c.deleted == deleted).\
values(new_deleted=table.c.id).\
execute()
table.c.deleted.drop()
table.c.new_deleted.alter(name="deleted")
_restore_indexes_on_deleted_columns(migrate_engine, table_name, indexes)
def _change_deleted_column_type_to_id_type_sqlite(migrate_engine, table_name,
**col_name_col_instance):
# NOTE(boris-42): sqlaclhemy-migrate can't drop column with check
# constraints in sqlite DB and our `deleted` column has
# 2 check constraints. So there is only one way to remove
# these constraints:
# 1) Create new table with the same columns, constraints
# and indexes. (except deleted column).
# 2) Copy all data from old to new table.
# 3) Drop old table.
# 4) Rename new table to old table name.
insp = reflection.Inspector.from_engine(migrate_engine)
meta = MetaData(bind=migrate_engine)
table = Table(table_name, meta, autoload=True)
default_deleted_value = _get_default_deleted_value(table)
columns = []
for column in table.columns:
column_copy = None
if column.name != "deleted":
if isinstance(column.type, NullType):
column_copy = _get_not_supported_column(col_name_col_instance,
column.name)
else:
column_copy = column.copy()
else:
column_copy = Column('deleted', table.c.id.type,
default=default_deleted_value)
columns.append(column_copy)
def is_deleted_column_constraint(constraint):
# NOTE(boris-42): There is no other way to check is CheckConstraint
# associated with deleted column.
if not isinstance(constraint, CheckConstraint):
return False
sqltext = str(constraint.sqltext)
return (sqltext.endswith("deleted in (0, 1)") or
sqltext.endswith("deleted IN (:deleted_1, :deleted_2)"))
constraints = []
for constraint in table.constraints:
if not is_deleted_column_constraint(constraint):
constraints.append(constraint.copy())
new_table = Table(table_name + "__tmp__", meta,
*(columns + constraints))
new_table.create()
indexes = []
for index in insp.get_indexes(table_name):
column_names = [new_table.c[c] for c in index['column_names']]
indexes.append(Index(index["name"], *column_names,
unique=index["unique"]))
ins = InsertFromSelect(new_table, table.select())
migrate_engine.execute(ins)
table.drop()
[index.create(migrate_engine) for index in indexes]
new_table.rename(table_name)
deleted = True # workaround for pyflakes
new_table.update().\
where(new_table.c.deleted == deleted).\
values(deleted=new_table.c.id).\
execute()
# NOTE(boris-42): Fix value of deleted column: False -> "" or 0.
deleted = False # workaround for pyflakes
new_table.update().\
where(new_table.c.deleted == deleted).\
values(deleted=default_deleted_value).\
execute()

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# Copyright 2012, Red Hat, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
Exception related utilities.
"""
import logging
import sys
import time
import traceback
import six
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
class save_and_reraise_exception(object):
"""Save current exception, run some code and then re-raise.
In some cases the exception context can be cleared, resulting in None
being attempted to be re-raised after an exception handler is run. This
can happen when eventlet switches greenthreads or when running an
exception handler, code raises and catches an exception. In both
cases the exception context will be cleared.
To work around this, we save the exception state, run handler code, and
then re-raise the original exception. If another exception occurs, the
saved exception is logged and the new exception is re-raised.
In some cases the caller may not want to re-raise the exception, and
for those circumstances this context provides a reraise flag that
can be used to suppress the exception. For example:
except Exception:
with save_and_reraise_exception() as ctxt:
decide_if_need_reraise()
if not should_be_reraised:
ctxt.reraise = False
"""
def __init__(self):
self.reraise = True
def __enter__(self):
self.type_, self.value, self.tb, = sys.exc_info()
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
if exc_type is not None:
logging.error(_('Original exception being dropped: %s'),
traceback.format_exception(self.type_,
self.value,
self.tb))
return False
if self.reraise:
six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)
def forever_retry_uncaught_exceptions(infunc):
def inner_func(*args, **kwargs):
last_log_time = 0
last_exc_message = None
exc_count = 0
while True:
try:
return infunc(*args, **kwargs)
except Exception as exc:
this_exc_message = six.u(str(exc))
if this_exc_message == last_exc_message:
exc_count += 1
else:
exc_count = 1
# Do not log any more frequently than once a minute unless
# the exception message changes
cur_time = int(time.time())
if (cur_time - last_log_time > 60 or
this_exc_message != last_exc_message):
logging.exception(
_('Unexpected exception occurred %d time(s)... '
'retrying.') % exc_count)
last_log_time = cur_time
last_exc_message = this_exc_message
exc_count = 0
# This should be a very rare event. In case it isn't, do
# a sleep.
time.sleep(1)
return inner_func

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import contextlib
import errno
import os
import tempfile
from mistral.openstack.common import excutils
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
from mistral.openstack.common import log as logging
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_FILE_CACHE = {}
def ensure_tree(path):
"""Create a directory (and any ancestor directories required)
:param path: Directory to create
"""
try:
os.makedirs(path)
except OSError as exc:
if exc.errno == errno.EEXIST:
if not os.path.isdir(path):
raise
else:
raise
def read_cached_file(filename, force_reload=False):
"""Read from a file if it has been modified.
:param force_reload: Whether to reload the file.
:returns: A tuple with a boolean specifying if the data is fresh
or not.
"""
global _FILE_CACHE
if force_reload and filename in _FILE_CACHE:
del _FILE_CACHE[filename]
reloaded = False
mtime = os.path.getmtime(filename)
cache_info = _FILE_CACHE.setdefault(filename, {})
if not cache_info or mtime > cache_info.get('mtime', 0):
LOG.debug(_("Reloading cached file %s") % filename)
with open(filename) as fap:
cache_info['data'] = fap.read()
cache_info['mtime'] = mtime
reloaded = True
return (reloaded, cache_info['data'])
def delete_if_exists(path, remove=os.unlink):
"""Delete a file, but ignore file not found error.
:param path: File to delete
:param remove: Optional function to remove passed path
"""
try:
remove(path)
except OSError as e:
if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
raise
@contextlib.contextmanager
def remove_path_on_error(path, remove=delete_if_exists):
"""Protect code that wants to operate on PATH atomically.
Any exception will cause PATH to be removed.
:param path: File to work with
:param remove: Optional function to remove passed path
"""
try:
yield
except Exception:
with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():
remove(path)
def file_open(*args, **kwargs):
"""Open file
see built-in file() documentation for more details
Note: The reason this is kept in a separate module is to easily
be able to provide a stub module that doesn't alter system
state at all (for unit tests)
"""
return file(*args, **kwargs)
def write_to_tempfile(content, path=None, suffix='', prefix='tmp'):
"""Create temporary file or use existing file.
This util is needed for creating temporary file with
specified content, suffix and prefix. If path is not None,
it will be used for writing content. If the path doesn't
exist it'll be created.
:param content: content for temporary file.
:param path: same as parameter 'dir' for mkstemp
:param suffix: same as parameter 'suffix' for mkstemp
:param prefix: same as parameter 'prefix' for mkstemp
For example: it can be used in database tests for creating
configuration files.
"""
if path:
ensure_tree(path)
(fd, path) = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=suffix, dir=path, prefix=prefix)
try:
os.write(fd, content)
finally:
os.close(fd)
return path

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2012 Red Hat, Inc.
# Copyright 2013 IBM Corp.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
gettext for openstack-common modules.
Usual usage in an openstack.common module:
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _
"""
import copy
import gettext
import logging
import os
import re
try:
import UserString as _userString
except ImportError:
import collections as _userString
from babel import localedata
import six
_localedir = os.environ.get('mistral'.upper() + '_LOCALEDIR')
_t = gettext.translation('mistral', localedir=_localedir, fallback=True)
_AVAILABLE_LANGUAGES = {}
USE_LAZY = False
def enable_lazy():
"""Convenience function for configuring _() to use lazy gettext
Call this at the start of execution to enable the gettextutils._
function to use lazy gettext functionality. This is useful if
your project is importing _ directly instead of using the
gettextutils.install() way of importing the _ function.
"""
global USE_LAZY
USE_LAZY = True
def _(msg):
if USE_LAZY:
return Message(msg, 'mistral')
else:
if six.PY3:
return _t.gettext(msg)
return _t.ugettext(msg)
def install(domain, lazy=False):
"""Install a _() function using the given translation domain.
Given a translation domain, install a _() function using gettext's
install() function.
The main difference from gettext.install() is that we allow
overriding the default localedir (e.g. /usr/share/locale) using
a translation-domain-specific environment variable (e.g.
NOVA_LOCALEDIR).
:param domain: the translation domain
:param lazy: indicates whether or not to install the lazy _() function.
The lazy _() introduces a way to do deferred translation
of messages by installing a _ that builds Message objects,
instead of strings, which can then be lazily translated into
any available locale.
"""
if lazy:
# NOTE(mrodden): Lazy gettext functionality.
#
# The following introduces a deferred way to do translations on
# messages in OpenStack. We override the standard _() function
# and % (format string) operation to build Message objects that can
# later be translated when we have more information.
#
# Also included below is an example LocaleHandler that translates
# Messages to an associated locale, effectively allowing many logs,
# each with their own locale.
def _lazy_gettext(msg):
"""Create and return a Message object.
Lazy gettext function for a given domain, it is a factory method
for a project/module to get a lazy gettext function for its own
translation domain (i.e. nova, glance, cinder, etc.)
Message encapsulates a string so that we can translate
it later when needed.
"""
return Message(msg, domain)
from six import moves
moves.builtins.__dict__['_'] = _lazy_gettext
else:
localedir = '%s_LOCALEDIR' % domain.upper()
if six.PY3:
gettext.install(domain,
localedir=os.environ.get(localedir))
else:
gettext.install(domain,
localedir=os.environ.get(localedir),
unicode=True)
class Message(_userString.UserString, object):
"""Class used to encapsulate translatable messages."""
def __init__(self, msg, domain):
# _msg is the gettext msgid and should never change
self._msg = msg
self._left_extra_msg = ''
self._right_extra_msg = ''
self._locale = None
self.params = None
self.domain = domain
@property
def data(self):
# NOTE(mrodden): this should always resolve to a unicode string
# that best represents the state of the message currently
localedir = os.environ.get(self.domain.upper() + '_LOCALEDIR')
if self.locale:
lang = gettext.translation(self.domain,
localedir=localedir,
languages=[self.locale],
fallback=True)
else:
# use system locale for translations
lang = gettext.translation(self.domain,
localedir=localedir,
fallback=True)
if six.PY3:
ugettext = lang.gettext
else:
ugettext = lang.ugettext
full_msg = (self._left_extra_msg +
ugettext(self._msg) +
self._right_extra_msg)
if self.params is not None:
full_msg = full_msg % self.params
return six.text_type(full_msg)
@property
def locale(self):
return self._locale
@locale.setter
def locale(self, value):
self._locale = value
if not self.params:
return
# This Message object may have been constructed with one or more
# Message objects as substitution parameters, given as a single
# Message, or a tuple or Map containing some, so when setting the
# locale for this Message we need to set it for those Messages too.
if isinstance(self.params, Message):
self.params.locale = value
return
if isinstance(self.params, tuple):
for param in self.params:
if isinstance(param, Message):
param.locale = value
return
if isinstance(self.params, dict):
for param in self.params.values():
if isinstance(param, Message):
param.locale = value
def _save_dictionary_parameter(self, dict_param):
full_msg = self.data
# look for %(blah) fields in string;
# ignore %% and deal with the
# case where % is first character on the line
keys = re.findall('(?:[^%]|^)?%\((\w*)\)[a-z]', full_msg)
# if we don't find any %(blah) blocks but have a %s
if not keys and re.findall('(?:[^%]|^)%[a-z]', full_msg):
# apparently the full dictionary is the parameter
params = copy.deepcopy(dict_param)
else:
params = {}
for key in keys:
try:
params[key] = copy.deepcopy(dict_param[key])
except TypeError:
# cast uncopyable thing to unicode string
params[key] = six.text_type(dict_param[key])
return params
def _save_parameters(self, other):
# we check for None later to see if
# we actually have parameters to inject,
# so encapsulate if our parameter is actually None
if other is None:
self.params = (other, )
elif isinstance(other, dict):
self.params = self._save_dictionary_parameter(other)
else:
# fallback to casting to unicode,
# this will handle the problematic python code-like
# objects that cannot be deep-copied
try:
self.params = copy.deepcopy(other)
except TypeError:
self.params = six.text_type(other)
return self
# overrides to be more string-like
def __unicode__(self):
return self.data
def __str__(self):
if six.PY3:
return self.__unicode__()
return self.data.encode('utf-8')
def __getstate__(self):
to_copy = ['_msg', '_right_extra_msg', '_left_extra_msg',
'domain', 'params', '_locale']
new_dict = self.__dict__.fromkeys(to_copy)
for attr in to_copy:
new_dict[attr] = copy.deepcopy(self.__dict__[attr])
return new_dict
def __setstate__(self, state):
for (k, v) in state.items():
setattr(self, k, v)
# operator overloads
def __add__(self, other):
copied = copy.deepcopy(self)
copied._right_extra_msg += other.__str__()
return copied
def __radd__(self, other):
copied = copy.deepcopy(self)
copied._left_extra_msg += other.__str__()
return copied
def __mod__(self, other):
# do a format string to catch and raise
# any possible KeyErrors from missing parameters
self.data % other
copied = copy.deepcopy(self)
return copied._save_parameters(other)
def __mul__(self, other):
return self.data * other
def __rmul__(self, other):
return other * self.data
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self.data[key]
def __getslice__(self, start, end):
return self.data.__getslice__(start, end)
def __getattribute__(self, name):
# NOTE(mrodden): handle lossy operations that we can't deal with yet
# These override the UserString implementation, since UserString
# uses our __class__ attribute to try and build a new message
# after running the inner data string through the operation.
# At that point, we have lost the gettext message id and can just
# safely resolve to a string instead.
ops = ['capitalize', 'center', 'decode', 'encode',
'expandtabs', 'ljust', 'lstrip', 'replace', 'rjust', 'rstrip',
'strip', 'swapcase', 'title', 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill']
if name in ops:
return getattr(self.data, name)
else:
return _userString.UserString.__getattribute__(self, name)
def get_available_languages(domain):
"""Lists the available languages for the given translation domain.
:param domain: the domain to get languages for
"""
if domain in _AVAILABLE_LANGUAGES:
return copy.copy(_AVAILABLE_LANGUAGES[domain])
localedir = '%s_LOCALEDIR' % domain.upper()
find = lambda x: gettext.find(domain,
localedir=os.environ.get(localedir),
languages=[x])
# NOTE(mrodden): en_US should always be available (and first in case
# order matters) since our in-line message strings are en_US
language_list = ['en_US']
# NOTE(luisg): Babel <1.0 used a function called list(), which was
# renamed to locale_identifiers() in >=1.0, the requirements master list
# requires >=0.9.6, uncapped, so defensively work with both. We can remove
# this check when the master list updates to >=1.0, and update all projects
list_identifiers = (getattr(localedata, 'list', None) or
getattr(localedata, 'locale_identifiers'))
locale_identifiers = list_identifiers()
for i in locale_identifiers:
if find(i) is not None:
language_list.append(i)
_AVAILABLE_LANGUAGES[domain] = language_list
return copy.copy(language_list)
def get_localized_message(message, user_locale):
"""Gets a localized version of the given message in the given locale.
If the message is not a Message object the message is returned as-is.
If the locale is None the message is translated to the default locale.
:returns: the translated message in unicode, or the original message if
it could not be translated
"""
translated = message
if isinstance(message, Message):
original_locale = message.locale
message.locale = user_locale
translated = six.text_type(message)
message.locale = original_locale
return translated
class LocaleHandler(logging.Handler):
"""Handler that can have a locale associated to translate Messages.
A quick example of how to utilize the Message class above.
LocaleHandler takes a locale and a target logging.Handler object
to forward LogRecord objects to after translating the internal Message.
"""
def __init__(self, locale, target):
"""Initialize a LocaleHandler
:param locale: locale to use for translating messages
:param target: logging.Handler object to forward
LogRecord objects to after translation
"""
logging.Handler.__init__(self)
self.locale = locale
self.target = target
def emit(self, record):
if isinstance(record.msg, Message):
# set the locale and resolve to a string
record.msg.locale = self.locale
self.target.emit(record)

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
Import related utilities and helper functions.
"""
import sys
import traceback
def import_class(import_str):
"""Returns a class from a string including module and class."""
mod_str, _sep, class_str = import_str.rpartition('.')
try:
__import__(mod_str)
return getattr(sys.modules[mod_str], class_str)
except (ValueError, AttributeError):
raise ImportError('Class %s cannot be found (%s)' %
(class_str,
traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info())))
def import_object(import_str, *args, **kwargs):
"""Import a class and return an instance of it."""
return import_class(import_str)(*args, **kwargs)
def import_object_ns(name_space, import_str, *args, **kwargs):
"""Tries to import object from default namespace.
Imports a class and return an instance of it, first by trying
to find the class in a default namespace, then failing back to
a full path if not found in the default namespace.
"""
import_value = "%s.%s" % (name_space, import_str)
try:
return import_class(import_value)(*args, **kwargs)
except ImportError:
return import_class(import_str)(*args, **kwargs)
def import_module(import_str):
"""Import a module."""
__import__(import_str)
return sys.modules[import_str]
def try_import(import_str, default=None):
"""Try to import a module and if it fails return default."""
try:
return import_module(import_str)
except ImportError:
return default

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# Copyright 2011 Justin Santa Barbara
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
'''
JSON related utilities.
This module provides a few things:
1) A handy function for getting an object down to something that can be
JSON serialized. See to_primitive().
2) Wrappers around loads() and dumps(). The dumps() wrapper will
automatically use to_primitive() for you if needed.
3) This sets up anyjson to use the loads() and dumps() wrappers if anyjson
is available.
'''
import datetime
import functools
import inspect
import itertools
import json
try:
import xmlrpclib
except ImportError:
# NOTE(jd): xmlrpclib is not shipped with Python 3
xmlrpclib = None
import six
from mistral.openstack.common import gettextutils
from mistral.openstack.common import importutils
from mistral.openstack.common import timeutils
netaddr = importutils.try_import("netaddr")
_nasty_type_tests = [inspect.ismodule, inspect.isclass, inspect.ismethod,
inspect.isfunction, inspect.isgeneratorfunction,
inspect.isgenerator, inspect.istraceback, inspect.isframe,
inspect.iscode, inspect.isbuiltin, inspect.isroutine,
inspect.isabstract]
_simple_types = (six.string_types + six.integer_types
+ (type(None), bool, float))
def to_primitive(value, convert_instances=False, convert_datetime=True,
level=0, max_depth=3):
"""Convert a complex object into primitives.
Handy for JSON serialization. We can optionally handle instances,
but since this is a recursive function, we could have cyclical
data structures.
To handle cyclical data structures we could track the actual objects
visited in a set, but not all objects are hashable. Instead we just
track the depth of the object inspections and don't go too deep.
Therefore, convert_instances=True is lossy ... be aware.
"""
# handle obvious types first - order of basic types determined by running
# full tests on nova project, resulting in the following counts:
# 572754 <type 'NoneType'>
# 460353 <type 'int'>
# 379632 <type 'unicode'>
# 274610 <type 'str'>
# 199918 <type 'dict'>
# 114200 <type 'datetime.datetime'>
# 51817 <type 'bool'>
# 26164 <type 'list'>
# 6491 <type 'float'>
# 283 <type 'tuple'>
# 19 <type 'long'>
if isinstance(value, _simple_types):
return value
if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
if convert_datetime:
return timeutils.strtime(value)
else:
return value
# value of itertools.count doesn't get caught by nasty_type_tests
# and results in infinite loop when list(value) is called.
if type(value) == itertools.count:
return six.text_type(value)
# FIXME(vish): Workaround for LP bug 852095. Without this workaround,
# tests that raise an exception in a mocked method that
# has a @wrap_exception with a notifier will fail. If
# we up the dependency to 0.5.4 (when it is released) we
# can remove this workaround.
if getattr(value, '__module__', None) == 'mox':
return 'mock'
if level > max_depth:
return '?'
# The try block may not be necessary after the class check above,
# but just in case ...
try:
recursive = functools.partial(to_primitive,
convert_instances=convert_instances,
convert_datetime=convert_datetime,
level=level,
max_depth=max_depth)
if isinstance(value, dict):
return dict((k, recursive(v)) for k, v in value.iteritems())
elif isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
return [recursive(lv) for lv in value]
# It's not clear why xmlrpclib created their own DateTime type, but
# for our purposes, make it a datetime type which is explicitly
# handled
if xmlrpclib and isinstance(value, xmlrpclib.DateTime):
value = datetime.datetime(*tuple(value.timetuple())[:6])
if convert_datetime and isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
return timeutils.strtime(value)
elif isinstance(value, gettextutils.Message):
return value.data
elif hasattr(value, 'iteritems'):
return recursive(dict(value.iteritems()), level=level + 1)
elif hasattr(value, '__iter__'):
return recursive(list(value))
elif convert_instances and hasattr(value, '__dict__'):
# Likely an instance of something. Watch for cycles.
# Ignore class member vars.
return recursive(value.__dict__, level=level + 1)
elif netaddr and isinstance(value, netaddr.IPAddress):
return six.text_type(value)
else:
if any(test(value) for test in _nasty_type_tests):
return six.text_type(value)
return value
except TypeError:
# Class objects are tricky since they may define something like
# __iter__ defined but it isn't callable as list().
return six.text_type(value)
def dumps(value, default=to_primitive, **kwargs):
return json.dumps(value, default=default, **kwargs)
def loads(s):
return json.loads(s)
def load(s):
return json.load(s)
try:
import anyjson
except ImportError:
pass
else:
anyjson._modules.append((__name__, 'dumps', TypeError,
'loads', ValueError, 'load'))
anyjson.force_implementation(__name__)

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""Local storage of variables using weak references"""
import threading
import weakref
class WeakLocal(threading.local):
def __getattribute__(self, attr):
rval = super(WeakLocal, self).__getattribute__(attr)
if rval:
# NOTE(mikal): this bit is confusing. What is stored is a weak
# reference, not the value itself. We therefore need to lookup
# the weak reference and return the inner value here.
rval = rval()
return rval
def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
value = weakref.ref(value)
return super(WeakLocal, self).__setattr__(attr, value)
# NOTE(mikal): the name "store" should be deprecated in the future
store = WeakLocal()
# A "weak" store uses weak references and allows an object to fall out of scope
# when it falls out of scope in the code that uses the thread local storage. A
# "strong" store will hold a reference to the object so that it never falls out
# of scope.
weak_store = WeakLocal()
strong_store = threading.local()

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import contextlib
import errno
import functools
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
import threading
import time
import weakref
from oslo.config import cfg
from mistral.openstack.common import fileutils
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
from mistral.openstack.common import local
from mistral.openstack.common import log as logging
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
util_opts = [
cfg.BoolOpt('disable_process_locking', default=False,
help='Whether to disable inter-process locks'),
cfg.StrOpt('lock_path',
default=os.environ.get("MISTRAL_LOCK_PATH"),
help=('Directory to use for lock files.'))
]
CONF = cfg.CONF
CONF.register_opts(util_opts)
def set_defaults(lock_path):
cfg.set_defaults(util_opts, lock_path=lock_path)
class _InterProcessLock(object):
"""Lock implementation which allows multiple locks, working around
issues like bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=632857 and does
not require any cleanup. Since the lock is always held on a file
descriptor rather than outside of the process, the lock gets dropped
automatically if the process crashes, even if __exit__ is not executed.
There are no guarantees regarding usage by multiple green threads in a
single process here. This lock works only between processes. Exclusive
access between local threads should be achieved using the semaphores
in the @synchronized decorator.
Note these locks are released when the descriptor is closed, so it's not
safe to close the file descriptor while another green thread holds the
lock. Just opening and closing the lock file can break synchronisation,
so lock files must be accessed only using this abstraction.
"""
def __init__(self, name):
self.lockfile = None
self.fname = name
def __enter__(self):
self.lockfile = open(self.fname, 'w')
while True:
try:
# Using non-blocking locks since green threads are not
# patched to deal with blocking locking calls.
# Also upon reading the MSDN docs for locking(), it seems
# to have a laughable 10 attempts "blocking" mechanism.
self.trylock()
return self
except IOError as e:
if e.errno in (errno.EACCES, errno.EAGAIN):
# external locks synchronise things like iptables
# updates - give it some time to prevent busy spinning
time.sleep(0.01)
else:
raise
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
try:
self.unlock()
self.lockfile.close()
except IOError:
LOG.exception(_("Could not release the acquired lock `%s`"),
self.fname)
def trylock(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
def unlock(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
class _WindowsLock(_InterProcessLock):
def trylock(self):
msvcrt.locking(self.lockfile.fileno(), msvcrt.LK_NBLCK, 1)
def unlock(self):
msvcrt.locking(self.lockfile.fileno(), msvcrt.LK_UNLCK, 1)
class _PosixLock(_InterProcessLock):
def trylock(self):
fcntl.lockf(self.lockfile, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
def unlock(self):
fcntl.lockf(self.lockfile, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
if os.name == 'nt':
import msvcrt
InterProcessLock = _WindowsLock
else:
import fcntl
InterProcessLock = _PosixLock
_semaphores = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
_semaphores_lock = threading.Lock()
@contextlib.contextmanager
def lock(name, lock_file_prefix=None, external=False, lock_path=None):
"""Context based lock
This function yields a `threading.Semaphore` instance (if we don't use
eventlet.monkey_patch(), else `semaphore.Semaphore`) unless external is
True, in which case, it'll yield an InterProcessLock instance.
:param lock_file_prefix: The lock_file_prefix argument is used to provide
lock files on disk with a meaningful prefix.
:param external: The external keyword argument denotes whether this lock
should work across multiple processes. This means that if two different
workers both run a a method decorated with @synchronized('mylock',
external=True), only one of them will execute at a time.
:param lock_path: The lock_path keyword argument is used to specify a
special location for external lock files to live. If nothing is set, then
CONF.lock_path is used as a default.
"""
with _semaphores_lock:
try:
sem = _semaphores[name]
except KeyError:
sem = threading.Semaphore()
_semaphores[name] = sem
with sem:
LOG.debug(_('Got semaphore "%(lock)s"'), {'lock': name})
# NOTE(mikal): I know this looks odd
if not hasattr(local.strong_store, 'locks_held'):
local.strong_store.locks_held = []
local.strong_store.locks_held.append(name)
try:
if external and not CONF.disable_process_locking:
LOG.debug(_('Attempting to grab file lock "%(lock)s"'),
{'lock': name})
# We need a copy of lock_path because it is non-local
local_lock_path = lock_path or CONF.lock_path
if not local_lock_path:
raise cfg.RequiredOptError('lock_path')
if not os.path.exists(local_lock_path):
fileutils.ensure_tree(local_lock_path)
LOG.info(_('Created lock path: %s'), local_lock_path)
def add_prefix(name, prefix):
if not prefix:
return name
sep = '' if prefix.endswith('-') else '-'
return '%s%s%s' % (prefix, sep, name)
# NOTE(mikal): the lock name cannot contain directory
# separators
lock_file_name = add_prefix(name.replace(os.sep, '_'),
lock_file_prefix)
lock_file_path = os.path.join(local_lock_path, lock_file_name)
try:
lock = InterProcessLock(lock_file_path)
with lock as lock:
LOG.debug(_('Got file lock "%(lock)s" at %(path)s'),
{'lock': name, 'path': lock_file_path})
yield lock
finally:
LOG.debug(_('Released file lock "%(lock)s" at %(path)s'),
{'lock': name, 'path': lock_file_path})
else:
yield sem
finally:
local.strong_store.locks_held.remove(name)
def synchronized(name, lock_file_prefix=None, external=False, lock_path=None):
"""Synchronization decorator.
Decorating a method like so::
@synchronized('mylock')
def foo(self, *args):
...
ensures that only one thread will execute the foo method at a time.
Different methods can share the same lock::
@synchronized('mylock')
def foo(self, *args):
...
@synchronized('mylock')
def bar(self, *args):
...
This way only one of either foo or bar can be executing at a time.
"""
def wrap(f):
@functools.wraps(f)
def inner(*args, **kwargs):
try:
with lock(name, lock_file_prefix, external, lock_path):
LOG.debug(_('Got semaphore / lock "%(function)s"'),
{'function': f.__name__})
return f(*args, **kwargs)
finally:
LOG.debug(_('Semaphore / lock released "%(function)s"'),
{'function': f.__name__})
return inner
return wrap
def synchronized_with_prefix(lock_file_prefix):
"""Partial object generator for the synchronization decorator.
Redefine @synchronized in each project like so::
(in nova/utils.py)
from nova.openstack.common import lockutils
synchronized = lockutils.synchronized_with_prefix('nova-')
(in nova/foo.py)
from nova import utils
@utils.synchronized('mylock')
def bar(self, *args):
...
The lock_file_prefix argument is used to provide lock files on disk with a
meaningful prefix.
"""
return functools.partial(synchronized, lock_file_prefix=lock_file_prefix)
def main(argv):
"""Create a dir for locks and pass it to command from arguments
If you run this:
python -m openstack.common.lockutils python setup.py testr <etc>
a temporary directory will be created for all your locks and passed to all
your tests in an environment variable. The temporary dir will be deleted
afterwards and the return value will be preserved.
"""
lock_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
os.environ["MISTRAL_LOCK_PATH"] = lock_dir
try:
ret_val = subprocess.call(argv[1:])
finally:
shutil.rmtree(lock_dir, ignore_errors=True)
return ret_val
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.exit(main(sys.argv))

626
mistral/openstack/common/log.py Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,626 @@
# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""Openstack logging handler.
This module adds to logging functionality by adding the option to specify
a context object when calling the various log methods. If the context object
is not specified, default formatting is used. Additionally, an instance uuid
may be passed as part of the log message, which is intended to make it easier
for admins to find messages related to a specific instance.
It also allows setting of formatting information through conf.
"""
import inspect
import itertools
import logging
import logging.config
import logging.handlers
import os
import re
import sys
import traceback
from oslo.config import cfg
import six
from six import moves
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
from mistral.openstack.common import importutils
from mistral.openstack.common import jsonutils
from mistral.openstack.common import local
_DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
_SANITIZE_KEYS = ['adminPass', 'admin_pass', 'password', 'admin_password']
# NOTE(ldbragst): Let's build a list of regex objects using the list of
# _SANITIZE_KEYS we already have. This way, we only have to add the new key
# to the list of _SANITIZE_KEYS and we can generate regular expressions
# for XML and JSON automatically.
_SANITIZE_PATTERNS = []
_FORMAT_PATTERNS = [r'(%(key)s\s*[=]\s*[\"\']).*?([\"\'])',
r'(<%(key)s>).*?(</%(key)s>)',
r'([\"\']%(key)s[\"\']\s*:\s*[\"\']).*?([\"\'])',
r'([\'"].*?%(key)s[\'"]\s*:\s*u?[\'"]).*?([\'"])']
for key in _SANITIZE_KEYS:
for pattern in _FORMAT_PATTERNS:
reg_ex = re.compile(pattern % {'key': key}, re.DOTALL)
_SANITIZE_PATTERNS.append(reg_ex)
common_cli_opts = [
cfg.BoolOpt('debug',
short='d',
default=False,
help='Print debugging output (set logging level to '
'DEBUG instead of default WARNING level).'),
cfg.BoolOpt('verbose',
short='v',
default=False,
help='Print more verbose output (set logging level to '
'INFO instead of default WARNING level).'),
]
logging_cli_opts = [
cfg.StrOpt('log-config-append',
metavar='PATH',
deprecated_name='log-config',
help='The name of logging configuration file. It does not '
'disable existing loggers, but just appends specified '
'logging configuration to any other existing logging '
'options. Please see the Python logging module '
'documentation for details on logging configuration '
'files.'),
cfg.StrOpt('log-format',
default=None,
metavar='FORMAT',
help='DEPRECATED. '
'A logging.Formatter log message format string which may '
'use any of the available logging.LogRecord attributes. '
'This option is deprecated. Please use '
'logging_context_format_string and '
'logging_default_format_string instead.'),
cfg.StrOpt('log-date-format',
default=_DEFAULT_LOG_DATE_FORMAT,
metavar='DATE_FORMAT',
help='Format string for %%(asctime)s in log records. '
'Default: %(default)s'),
cfg.StrOpt('log-file',
metavar='PATH',
deprecated_name='logfile',
help='(Optional) Name of log file to output to. '
'If no default is set, logging will go to stdout.'),
cfg.StrOpt('log-dir',
deprecated_name='logdir',
help='(Optional) The base directory used for relative '
'--log-file paths'),
cfg.BoolOpt('use-syslog',
default=False,
help='Use syslog for logging.'),
cfg.StrOpt('syslog-log-facility',
default='LOG_USER',
help='syslog facility to receive log lines')
]
generic_log_opts = [
cfg.BoolOpt('use_stderr',
default=True,
help='Log output to standard error')
]
log_opts = [
cfg.StrOpt('logging_context_format_string',
default='%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d %(process)d %(levelname)s '
'%(name)s [%(request_id)s %(user)s %(tenant)s] '
'%(instance)s%(message)s',
help='format string to use for log messages with context'),
cfg.StrOpt('logging_default_format_string',
default='%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d %(process)d %(levelname)s '
'%(name)s [-] %(instance)s%(message)s',
help='format string to use for log messages without context'),
cfg.StrOpt('logging_debug_format_suffix',
default='%(funcName)s %(pathname)s:%(lineno)d',
help='data to append to log format when level is DEBUG'),
cfg.StrOpt('logging_exception_prefix',
default='%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d %(process)d TRACE %(name)s '
'%(instance)s',
help='prefix each line of exception output with this format'),
cfg.ListOpt('default_log_levels',
default=[
'amqp=WARN',
'amqplib=WARN',
'boto=WARN',
'keystone=INFO',
'qpid=WARN',
'sqlalchemy=WARN',
'suds=INFO',
'iso8601=WARN',
],
help='list of logger=LEVEL pairs'),
cfg.BoolOpt('publish_errors',
default=False,
help='publish error events'),
cfg.BoolOpt('fatal_deprecations',
default=False,
help='make deprecations fatal'),
# NOTE(mikal): there are two options here because sometimes we are handed
# a full instance (and could include more information), and other times we
# are just handed a UUID for the instance.
cfg.StrOpt('instance_format',
default='[instance: %(uuid)s] ',
help='If an instance is passed with the log message, format '
'it like this'),
cfg.StrOpt('instance_uuid_format',
default='[instance: %(uuid)s] ',
help='If an instance UUID is passed with the log message, '
'format it like this'),
]
CONF = cfg.CONF
CONF.register_cli_opts(common_cli_opts)
CONF.register_cli_opts(logging_cli_opts)
CONF.register_opts(generic_log_opts)
CONF.register_opts(log_opts)
# our new audit level
# NOTE(jkoelker) Since we synthesized an audit level, make the logging
# module aware of it so it acts like other levels.
logging.AUDIT = logging.INFO + 1
logging.addLevelName(logging.AUDIT, 'AUDIT')
try:
NullHandler = logging.NullHandler
except AttributeError: # NOTE(jkoelker) NullHandler added in Python 2.7
class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
def handle(self, record):
pass
def emit(self, record):
pass
def createLock(self):
self.lock = None
def _dictify_context(context):
if context is None:
return None
if not isinstance(context, dict) and getattr(context, 'to_dict', None):
context = context.to_dict()
return context
def _get_binary_name():
return os.path.basename(inspect.stack()[-1][1])
def _get_log_file_path(binary=None):
logfile = CONF.log_file
logdir = CONF.log_dir
if logfile and not logdir:
return logfile
if logfile and logdir:
return os.path.join(logdir, logfile)
if logdir:
binary = binary or _get_binary_name()
return '%s.log' % (os.path.join(logdir, binary),)
return None
def mask_password(message, secret="***"):
"""Replace password with 'secret' in message.
:param message: The string which includes security information.
:param secret: value with which to replace passwords, defaults to "***".
:returns: The unicode value of message with the password fields masked.
For example:
>>> mask_password("'adminPass' : 'aaaaa'")
"'adminPass' : '***'"
>>> mask_password("'admin_pass' : 'aaaaa'")
"'admin_pass' : '***'"
>>> mask_password('"password" : "aaaaa"')
'"password" : "***"'
>>> mask_password("'original_password' : 'aaaaa'")
"'original_password' : '***'"
>>> mask_password("u'original_password' : u'aaaaa'")
"u'original_password' : u'***'"
"""
message = six.text_type(message)
# NOTE(ldbragst): Check to see if anything in message contains any key
# specified in _SANITIZE_KEYS, if not then just return the message since
# we don't have to mask any passwords.
if not any(key in message for key in _SANITIZE_KEYS):
return message
secret = r'\g<1>' + secret + r'\g<2>'
for pattern in _SANITIZE_PATTERNS:
message = re.sub(pattern, secret, message)
return message
class BaseLoggerAdapter(logging.LoggerAdapter):
def audit(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
self.log(logging.AUDIT, msg, *args, **kwargs)
class LazyAdapter(BaseLoggerAdapter):
def __init__(self, name='unknown', version='unknown'):
self._logger = None
self.extra = {}
self.name = name
self.version = version
@property
def logger(self):
if not self._logger:
self._logger = getLogger(self.name, self.version)
return self._logger
class ContextAdapter(BaseLoggerAdapter):
warn = logging.LoggerAdapter.warning
def __init__(self, logger, project_name, version_string):
self.logger = logger
self.project = project_name
self.version = version_string
@property
def handlers(self):
return self.logger.handlers
def deprecated(self, msg, *args, **kwargs):
stdmsg = _("Deprecated: %s") % msg
if CONF.fatal_deprecations:
self.critical(stdmsg, *args, **kwargs)
raise DeprecatedConfig(msg=stdmsg)
else:
self.warn(stdmsg, *args, **kwargs)
def process(self, msg, kwargs):
# NOTE(mrodden): catch any Message/other object and
# coerce to unicode before they can get
# to the python logging and possibly
# cause string encoding trouble
if not isinstance(msg, six.string_types):
msg = six.text_type(msg)
if 'extra' not in kwargs:
kwargs['extra'] = {}
extra = kwargs['extra']
context = kwargs.pop('context', None)
if not context:
context = getattr(local.store, 'context', None)
if context:
extra.update(_dictify_context(context))
instance = kwargs.pop('instance', None)
instance_uuid = (extra.get('instance_uuid', None) or
kwargs.pop('instance_uuid', None))
instance_extra = ''
if instance:
instance_extra = CONF.instance_format % instance
elif instance_uuid:
instance_extra = (CONF.instance_uuid_format
% {'uuid': instance_uuid})
extra.update({'instance': instance_extra})
extra.update({"project": self.project})
extra.update({"version": self.version})
extra['extra'] = extra.copy()
return msg, kwargs
class JSONFormatter(logging.Formatter):
def __init__(self, fmt=None, datefmt=None):
# NOTE(jkoelker) we ignore the fmt argument, but its still there
# since logging.config.fileConfig passes it.
self.datefmt = datefmt
def formatException(self, ei, strip_newlines=True):
lines = traceback.format_exception(*ei)
if strip_newlines:
lines = [itertools.ifilter(
lambda x: x,
line.rstrip().splitlines()) for line in lines]
lines = list(itertools.chain(*lines))
return lines
def format(self, record):
message = {'message': record.getMessage(),
'asctime': self.formatTime(record, self.datefmt),
'name': record.name,
'msg': record.msg,
'args': record.args,
'levelname': record.levelname,
'levelno': record.levelno,
'pathname': record.pathname,
'filename': record.filename,
'module': record.module,
'lineno': record.lineno,
'funcname': record.funcName,
'created': record.created,
'msecs': record.msecs,
'relative_created': record.relativeCreated,
'thread': record.thread,
'thread_name': record.threadName,
'process_name': record.processName,
'process': record.process,
'traceback': None}
if hasattr(record, 'extra'):
message['extra'] = record.extra
if record.exc_info:
message['traceback'] = self.formatException(record.exc_info)
return jsonutils.dumps(message)
def _create_logging_excepthook(product_name):
def logging_excepthook(exc_type, value, tb):
extra = {}
if CONF.verbose:
extra['exc_info'] = (exc_type, value, tb)
getLogger(product_name).critical(str(value), **extra)
return logging_excepthook
class LogConfigError(Exception):
message = _('Error loading logging config %(log_config)s: %(err_msg)s')
def __init__(self, log_config, err_msg):
self.log_config = log_config
self.err_msg = err_msg
def __str__(self):
return self.message % dict(log_config=self.log_config,
err_msg=self.err_msg)
def _load_log_config(log_config_append):
try:
logging.config.fileConfig(log_config_append,
disable_existing_loggers=False)
except moves.configparser.Error as exc:
raise LogConfigError(log_config_append, str(exc))
def setup(product_name):
"""Setup logging."""
if CONF.log_config_append:
_load_log_config(CONF.log_config_append)
else:
_setup_logging_from_conf()
sys.excepthook = _create_logging_excepthook(product_name)
def set_defaults(logging_context_format_string):
cfg.set_defaults(log_opts,
logging_context_format_string=
logging_context_format_string)
def _find_facility_from_conf():
facility_names = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler.facility_names
facility = getattr(logging.handlers.SysLogHandler,
CONF.syslog_log_facility,
None)
if facility is None and CONF.syslog_log_facility in facility_names:
facility = facility_names.get(CONF.syslog_log_facility)
if facility is None:
valid_facilities = facility_names.keys()
consts = ['LOG_AUTH', 'LOG_AUTHPRIV', 'LOG_CRON', 'LOG_DAEMON',
'LOG_FTP', 'LOG_KERN', 'LOG_LPR', 'LOG_MAIL', 'LOG_NEWS',
'LOG_AUTH', 'LOG_SYSLOG', 'LOG_USER', 'LOG_UUCP',
'LOG_LOCAL0', 'LOG_LOCAL1', 'LOG_LOCAL2', 'LOG_LOCAL3',
'LOG_LOCAL4', 'LOG_LOCAL5', 'LOG_LOCAL6', 'LOG_LOCAL7']
valid_facilities.extend(consts)
raise TypeError(_('syslog facility must be one of: %s') %
', '.join("'%s'" % fac
for fac in valid_facilities))
return facility
def _setup_logging_from_conf():
log_root = getLogger(None).logger
for handler in log_root.handlers:
log_root.removeHandler(handler)
if CONF.use_syslog:
facility = _find_facility_from_conf()
syslog = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler(address='/dev/log',
facility=facility)
log_root.addHandler(syslog)
logpath = _get_log_file_path()
if logpath:
filelog = logging.handlers.WatchedFileHandler(logpath)
log_root.addHandler(filelog)
if CONF.use_stderr:
streamlog = ColorHandler()
log_root.addHandler(streamlog)
elif not CONF.log_file:
# pass sys.stdout as a positional argument
# python2.6 calls the argument strm, in 2.7 it's stream
streamlog = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
log_root.addHandler(streamlog)
if CONF.publish_errors:
handler = importutils.import_object(
"mistral.openstack.common.log_handler.PublishErrorsHandler",
logging.ERROR)
log_root.addHandler(handler)
datefmt = CONF.log_date_format
for handler in log_root.handlers:
# NOTE(alaski): CONF.log_format overrides everything currently. This
# should be deprecated in favor of context aware formatting.
if CONF.log_format:
handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(fmt=CONF.log_format,
datefmt=datefmt))
log_root.info('Deprecated: log_format is now deprecated and will '
'be removed in the next release')
else:
handler.setFormatter(ContextFormatter(datefmt=datefmt))
if CONF.debug:
log_root.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
elif CONF.verbose:
log_root.setLevel(logging.INFO)
else:
log_root.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
for pair in CONF.default_log_levels:
mod, _sep, level_name = pair.partition('=')
level = logging.getLevelName(level_name)
logger = logging.getLogger(mod)
logger.setLevel(level)
_loggers = {}
def getLogger(name='unknown', version='unknown'):
if name not in _loggers:
_loggers[name] = ContextAdapter(logging.getLogger(name),
name,
version)
return _loggers[name]
def getLazyLogger(name='unknown', version='unknown'):
"""Returns lazy logger.
Creates a pass-through logger that does not create the real logger
until it is really needed and delegates all calls to the real logger
once it is created.
"""
return LazyAdapter(name, version)
class WritableLogger(object):
"""A thin wrapper that responds to `write` and logs."""
def __init__(self, logger, level=logging.INFO):
self.logger = logger
self.level = level
def write(self, msg):
self.logger.log(self.level, msg)
class ContextFormatter(logging.Formatter):
"""A context.RequestContext aware formatter configured through flags.
The flags used to set format strings are: logging_context_format_string
and logging_default_format_string. You can also specify
logging_debug_format_suffix to append extra formatting if the log level is
debug.
For information about what variables are available for the formatter see:
http://docs.python.org/library/logging.html#formatter
"""
def format(self, record):
"""Uses contextstring if request_id is set, otherwise default."""
# NOTE(sdague): default the fancier formating params
# to an empty string so we don't throw an exception if
# they get used
for key in ('instance', 'color'):
if key not in record.__dict__:
record.__dict__[key] = ''
if record.__dict__.get('request_id', None):
self._fmt = CONF.logging_context_format_string
else:
self._fmt = CONF.logging_default_format_string
if (record.levelno == logging.DEBUG and
CONF.logging_debug_format_suffix):
self._fmt += " " + CONF.logging_debug_format_suffix
# Cache this on the record, Logger will respect our formated copy
if record.exc_info:
record.exc_text = self.formatException(record.exc_info, record)
return logging.Formatter.format(self, record)
def formatException(self, exc_info, record=None):
"""Format exception output with CONF.logging_exception_prefix."""
if not record:
return logging.Formatter.formatException(self, exc_info)
stringbuffer = moves.StringIO()
traceback.print_exception(exc_info[0], exc_info[1], exc_info[2],
None, stringbuffer)
lines = stringbuffer.getvalue().split('\n')
stringbuffer.close()
if CONF.logging_exception_prefix.find('%(asctime)') != -1:
record.asctime = self.formatTime(record, self.datefmt)
formatted_lines = []
for line in lines:
pl = CONF.logging_exception_prefix % record.__dict__
fl = '%s%s' % (pl, line)
formatted_lines.append(fl)
return '\n'.join(formatted_lines)
class ColorHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
LEVEL_COLORS = {
logging.DEBUG: '\033[00;32m', # GREEN
logging.INFO: '\033[00;36m', # CYAN
logging.AUDIT: '\033[01;36m', # BOLD CYAN
logging.WARN: '\033[01;33m', # BOLD YELLOW
logging.ERROR: '\033[01;31m', # BOLD RED
logging.CRITICAL: '\033[01;31m', # BOLD RED
}
def format(self, record):
record.color = self.LEVEL_COLORS[record.levelno]
return logging.StreamHandler.format(self, record)
class DeprecatedConfig(Exception):
message = _("Fatal call to deprecated config: %(msg)s")
def __init__(self, msg):
super(Exception, self).__init__(self.message % dict(msg=msg))

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
System-level utilities and helper functions.
"""
import re
import sys
import unicodedata
import six
from mistral.openstack.common.gettextutils import _ # noqa
# Used for looking up extensions of text
# to their 'multiplied' byte amount
BYTE_MULTIPLIERS = {
'': 1,
't': 1024 ** 4,
'g': 1024 ** 3,
'm': 1024 ** 2,
'k': 1024,
}
BYTE_REGEX = re.compile(r'(^-?\d+)(\D*)')
TRUE_STRINGS = ('1', 't', 'true', 'on', 'y', 'yes')
FALSE_STRINGS = ('0', 'f', 'false', 'off', 'n', 'no')
SLUGIFY_STRIP_RE = re.compile(r"[^\w\s-]")
SLUGIFY_HYPHENATE_RE = re.compile(r"[-\s]+")
def int_from_bool_as_string(subject):
"""Interpret a string as a boolean and return either 1 or 0.
Any string value in:
('True', 'true', 'On', 'on', '1')
is interpreted as a boolean True.
Useful for JSON-decoded stuff and config file parsing
"""
return bool_from_string(subject) and 1 or 0
def bool_from_string(subject, strict=False):
"""Interpret a string as a boolean.
A case-insensitive match is performed such that strings matching 't',
'true', 'on', 'y', 'yes', or '1' are considered True and, when
`strict=False`, anything else is considered False.
Useful for JSON-decoded stuff and config file parsing.
If `strict=True`, unrecognized values, including None, will raise a
ValueError which is useful when parsing values passed in from an API call.
Strings yielding False are 'f', 'false', 'off', 'n', 'no', or '0'.
"""
if not isinstance(subject, six.string_types):
subject = str(subject)
lowered = subject.strip().lower()
if lowered in TRUE_STRINGS:
return True
elif lowered in FALSE_STRINGS:
return False
elif strict:
acceptable = ', '.join(
"'%s'" % s for s in sorted(TRUE_STRINGS + FALSE_STRINGS))
msg = _("Unrecognized value '%(val)s', acceptable values are:"
" %(acceptable)s") % {'val': subject,
'acceptable': acceptable}
raise ValueError(msg)
else:
return False
def safe_decode(text, incoming=None, errors='strict'):
"""Decodes incoming str using `incoming` if they're not already unicode.
:param incoming: Text's current encoding
:param errors: Errors handling policy. See here for valid
values http://docs.python.org/2/library/codecs.html
:returns: text or a unicode `incoming` encoded
representation of it.
:raises TypeError: If text is not an instance of str
"""
if not isinstance(text, six.string_types):
raise TypeError("%s can't be decoded" % type(text))
if isinstance(text, six.text_type):
return text
if not incoming:
incoming = (sys.stdin.encoding or
sys.getdefaultencoding())
try:
return text.decode(incoming, errors)
except UnicodeDecodeError:
# Note(flaper87) If we get here, it means that
# sys.stdin.encoding / sys.getdefaultencoding
# didn't return a suitable encoding to decode
# text. This happens mostly when global LANG
# var is not set correctly and there's no
# default encoding. In this case, most likely
# python will use ASCII or ANSI encoders as
# default encodings but they won't be capable
# of decoding non-ASCII characters.
#
# Also, UTF-8 is being used since it's an ASCII
# extension.
return text.decode('utf-8', errors)
def safe_encode(text, incoming=None,
encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'):
"""Encodes incoming str/unicode using `encoding`.
If incoming is not specified, text is expected to be encoded with
current python's default encoding. (`sys.getdefaultencoding`)
:param incoming: Text's current encoding
:param encoding: Expected encoding for text (Default UTF-8)
:param errors: Errors handling policy. See here for valid
values http://docs.python.org/2/library/codecs.html
:returns: text or a bytestring `encoding` encoded
representation of it.
:raises TypeError: If text is not an instance of str
"""
if not isinstance(text, six.string_types):
raise TypeError("%s can't be encoded" % type(text))
if not incoming:
incoming = (sys.stdin.encoding or
sys.getdefaultencoding())
if isinstance(text, six.text_type):
return text.encode(encoding, errors)
elif text and encoding != incoming:
# Decode text before encoding it with `encoding`
text = safe_decode(text, incoming, errors)
return text.encode(encoding, errors)
return text
def to_bytes(text, default=0):
"""Converts a string into an integer of bytes.
Looks at the last characters of the text to determine
what conversion is needed to turn the input text into a byte number.
Supports "B, K(B), M(B), G(B), and T(B)". (case insensitive)
:param text: String input for bytes size conversion.
:param default: Default return value when text is blank.
"""
match = BYTE_REGEX.search(text)
if match:
magnitude = int(match.group(1))
mult_key_org = match.group(2)
if not mult_key_org:
return magnitude
elif text:
msg = _('Invalid string format: %s') % text
raise TypeError(msg)
else:
return default
mult_key = mult_key_org.lower().replace('b', '', 1)
multiplier = BYTE_MULTIPLIERS.get(mult_key)
if multiplier is None:
msg = _('Unknown byte multiplier: %s') % mult_key_org
raise TypeError(msg)
return magnitude * multiplier
def to_slug(value, incoming=None, errors="strict"):
"""Normalize string.
Convert to lowercase, remove non-word characters, and convert spaces
to hyphens.
Inspired by Django's `slugify` filter.
:param value: Text to slugify
:param incoming: Text's current encoding
:param errors: Errors handling policy. See here for valid
values http://docs.python.org/2/library/codecs.html
:returns: slugified unicode representation of `value`
:raises TypeError: If text is not an instance of str
"""
value = safe_decode(value, incoming, errors)
# NOTE(aababilov): no need to use safe_(encode|decode) here:
# encodings are always "ascii", error handling is always "ignore"
# and types are always known (first: unicode; second: str)
value = unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", value).encode(
"ascii", "ignore").decode("ascii")
value = SLUGIFY_STRIP_RE.sub("", value).strip().lower()
return SLUGIFY_HYPHENATE_RE.sub("-", value)

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright (c) 2013 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""Common utilities used in testing"""
import os
import fixtures
import testtools
_TRUE_VALUES = ('True', 'true', '1', 'yes')
class BaseTestCase(testtools.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
super(BaseTestCase, self).setUp()
self._set_timeout()
self._fake_output()
self.useFixture(fixtures.FakeLogger('mistral.openstack.common'))
self.useFixture(fixtures.NestedTempfile())
self.useFixture(fixtures.TempHomeDir())
def _set_timeout(self):
test_timeout = os.environ.get('OS_TEST_TIMEOUT', 0)
try:
test_timeout = int(test_timeout)
except ValueError:
# If timeout value is invalid do not set a timeout.
test_timeout = 0
if test_timeout > 0:
self.useFixture(fixtures.Timeout(test_timeout, gentle=True))
def _fake_output(self):
if os.environ.get('OS_STDOUT_CAPTURE') in _TRUE_VALUES:
stdout = self.useFixture(fixtures.StringStream('stdout')).stream
self.useFixture(fixtures.MonkeyPatch('sys.stdout', stdout))
if os.environ.get('OS_STDERR_CAPTURE') in _TRUE_VALUES:
stderr = self.useFixture(fixtures.StringStream('stderr')).stream
self.useFixture(fixtures.MonkeyPatch('sys.stderr', stderr))

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# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
"""
Time related utilities and helper functions.
"""
import calendar
import datetime
import time
import iso8601
import six
# ISO 8601 extended time format with microseconds
_ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT_SUBSECOND = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f'
_ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S'
PERFECT_TIME_FORMAT = _ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT_SUBSECOND
def isotime(at=None, subsecond=False):
"""Stringify time in ISO 8601 format."""
if not at:
at = utcnow()
st = at.strftime(_ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT
if not subsecond
else _ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT_SUBSECOND)
tz = at.tzinfo.tzname(None) if at.tzinfo else 'UTC'
st += ('Z' if tz == 'UTC' else tz)
return st
def parse_isotime(timestr):
"""Parse time from ISO 8601 format."""
try:
return iso8601.parse_date(timestr)
except iso8601.ParseError as e:
raise ValueError(six.text_type(e))
except TypeError as e:
raise ValueError(six.text_type(e))
def strtime(at=None, fmt=PERFECT_TIME_FORMAT):
"""Returns formatted utcnow."""
if not at:
at = utcnow()
return at.strftime(fmt)
def parse_strtime(timestr, fmt=PERFECT_TIME_FORMAT):
"""Turn a formatted time back into a datetime."""
return datetime.datetime.strptime(timestr, fmt)
def normalize_time(timestamp):
"""Normalize time in arbitrary timezone to UTC naive object."""
offset = timestamp.utcoffset()
if offset is None:
return timestamp
return timestamp.replace(tzinfo=None) - offset
def is_older_than(before, seconds):
"""Return True if before is older than seconds."""
if isinstance(before, six.string_types):
before = parse_strtime(before).replace(tzinfo=None)
return utcnow() - before > datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)
def is_newer_than(after, seconds):
"""Return True if after is newer than seconds."""
if isinstance(after, six.string_types):
after = parse_strtime(after).replace(tzinfo=None)
return after - utcnow() > datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)
def utcnow_ts():
"""Timestamp version of our utcnow function."""
if utcnow.override_time is None:
# NOTE(kgriffs): This is several times faster
# than going through calendar.timegm(...)
return int(time.time())
return calendar.timegm(utcnow().timetuple())
def utcnow():
"""Overridable version of utils.utcnow."""
if utcnow.override_time:
try:
return utcnow.override_time.pop(0)
except AttributeError:
return utcnow.override_time
return datetime.datetime.utcnow()
def iso8601_from_timestamp(timestamp):
"""Returns a iso8601 formated date from timestamp."""
return isotime(datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp))
utcnow.override_time = None
def set_time_override(override_time=None):
"""Overrides utils.utcnow.
Make it return a constant time or a list thereof, one at a time.
:param override_time: datetime instance or list thereof. If not
given, defaults to the current UTC time.
"""
utcnow.override_time = override_time or datetime.datetime.utcnow()
def advance_time_delta(timedelta):
"""Advance overridden time using a datetime.timedelta."""
assert(not utcnow.override_time is None)
try:
for dt in utcnow.override_time:
dt += timedelta
except TypeError:
utcnow.override_time += timedelta
def advance_time_seconds(seconds):
"""Advance overridden time by seconds."""
advance_time_delta(datetime.timedelta(0, seconds))
def clear_time_override():
"""Remove the overridden time."""
utcnow.override_time = None
def marshall_now(now=None):
"""Make an rpc-safe datetime with microseconds.
Note: tzinfo is stripped, but not required for relative times.
"""
if not now:
now = utcnow()
return dict(day=now.day, month=now.month, year=now.year, hour=now.hour,
minute=now.minute, second=now.second,
microsecond=now.microsecond)
def unmarshall_time(tyme):
"""Unmarshall a datetime dict."""
return datetime.datetime(day=tyme['day'],
month=tyme['month'],
year=tyme['year'],
hour=tyme['hour'],
minute=tyme['minute'],
second=tyme['second'],
microsecond=tyme['microsecond'])
def delta_seconds(before, after):
"""Return the difference between two timing objects.
Compute the difference in seconds between two date, time, or
datetime objects (as a float, to microsecond resolution).
"""
delta = after - before
try:
return delta.total_seconds()
except AttributeError:
return ((delta.days * 24 * 3600) + delta.seconds +
float(delta.microseconds) / (10 ** 6))
def is_soon(dt, window):
"""Determines if time is going to happen in the next window seconds.
:params dt: the time
:params window: minimum seconds to remain to consider the time not soon
:return: True if expiration is within the given duration
"""
soon = (utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=window))
return normalize_time(dt) <= soon

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# Copyright (c) 2013 Mirantis, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

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[DEFAULT]
# The list of modules to copy from oslo-incubator.git
module=cliutils
module=db
module=db.sqlalchemy
module=log
module=test
# The base module to hold the copy of openstack.common
base=mistral

4
requirements.txt
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pbr>=0.5.21,<1.0
taskflow
pyyaml
pecan>=0.2.0
WSME>=0.5b6
amqplib>=0.6.1
argparse