643 lines
23 KiB
Python
643 lines
23 KiB
Python
# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
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# Copyright 2012 Locaweb.
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# All Rights Reserved.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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#
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# @author: Juliano Martinez, Locaweb.
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# based on
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# https://github.com/openstack/nova/blob/master/nova/network/linux_net.py
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"""Implements iptables rules using linux utilities."""
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import inspect
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import os
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from neutron.agent.linux import utils as linux_utils
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from neutron.common import utils
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from neutron.openstack.common import lockutils
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from neutron.openstack.common import log as logging
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LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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# NOTE(vish): Iptables supports chain names of up to 28 characters, and we
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# add up to 12 characters to binary_name which is used as a prefix,
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# so we limit it to 16 characters.
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# (max_chain_name_length - len('-POSTROUTING') == 16)
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def get_binary_name():
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"""Grab the name of the binary we're running in."""
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return os.path.basename(inspect.stack()[-1][1])[:16]
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binary_name = get_binary_name()
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# A length of a chain name must be less than or equal to 11 characters.
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# <max length of iptables chain name> - (<binary_name> + '-') = 28-(16+1) = 11
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MAX_CHAIN_LEN_WRAP = 11
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MAX_CHAIN_LEN_NOWRAP = 28
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def get_chain_name(chain_name, wrap=True):
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if wrap:
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return chain_name[:MAX_CHAIN_LEN_WRAP]
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else:
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return chain_name[:MAX_CHAIN_LEN_NOWRAP]
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class IptablesRule(object):
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"""An iptables rule.
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You shouldn't need to use this class directly, it's only used by
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IptablesManager.
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"""
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def __init__(self, chain, rule, wrap=True, top=False,
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binary_name=binary_name, tag=None):
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self.chain = get_chain_name(chain, wrap)
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self.rule = rule
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self.wrap = wrap
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self.top = top
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self.wrap_name = binary_name[:16]
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self.tag = tag
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def __eq__(self, other):
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return ((self.chain == other.chain) and
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(self.rule == other.rule) and
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(self.top == other.top) and
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(self.wrap == other.wrap))
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def __ne__(self, other):
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return not self == other
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def __str__(self):
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if self.wrap:
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chain = '%s-%s' % (self.wrap_name, self.chain)
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else:
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chain = self.chain
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return '-A %s %s' % (chain, self.rule)
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class IptablesTable(object):
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"""An iptables table."""
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def __init__(self, binary_name=binary_name):
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self.rules = []
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self.remove_rules = []
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self.chains = set()
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self.unwrapped_chains = set()
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self.remove_chains = set()
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self.wrap_name = binary_name[:16]
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def add_chain(self, name, wrap=True):
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"""Adds a named chain to the table.
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The chain name is wrapped to be unique for the component creating
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it, so different components of Nova can safely create identically
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named chains without interfering with one another.
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At the moment, its wrapped name is <binary name>-<chain name>,
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so if nova-compute creates a chain named 'OUTPUT', it'll actually
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end up named 'nova-compute-OUTPUT'.
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"""
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name = get_chain_name(name, wrap)
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if wrap:
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self.chains.add(name)
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else:
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self.unwrapped_chains.add(name)
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def _select_chain_set(self, wrap):
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if wrap:
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return self.chains
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else:
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return self.unwrapped_chains
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def ensure_remove_chain(self, name, wrap=True):
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"""Ensure the chain is removed.
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This removal "cascades". All rule in the chain are removed, as are
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all rules in other chains that jump to it.
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"""
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name = get_chain_name(name, wrap)
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chain_set = self._select_chain_set(wrap)
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if name not in chain_set:
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return
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self.remove_chain(name, wrap)
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def remove_chain(self, name, wrap=True):
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"""Remove named chain.
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This removal "cascades". All rule in the chain are removed, as are
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all rules in other chains that jump to it.
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If the chain is not found, this is merely logged.
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"""
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name = get_chain_name(name, wrap)
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chain_set = self._select_chain_set(wrap)
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if name not in chain_set:
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LOG.warn(_('Attempted to remove chain %s which does not exist'),
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name)
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return
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chain_set.remove(name)
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if not wrap:
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# non-wrapped chains and rules need to be dealt with specially,
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# so we keep a list of them to be iterated over in apply()
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self.remove_chains.add(name)
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# first, add rules to remove that have a matching chain name
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self.remove_rules += [r for r in self.rules if r.chain == name]
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# next, remove rules from list that have a matching chain name
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self.rules = [r for r in self.rules if r.chain != name]
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if not wrap:
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jump_snippet = '-j %s' % name
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# next, add rules to remove that have a matching jump chain
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self.remove_rules += [r for r in self.rules
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if jump_snippet in r.rule]
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else:
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jump_snippet = '-j %s-%s' % (self.wrap_name, name)
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# finally, remove rules from list that have a matching jump chain
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self.rules = [r for r in self.rules
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if jump_snippet not in r.rule]
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def add_rule(self, chain, rule, wrap=True, top=False, tag=None):
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"""Add a rule to the table.
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This is just like what you'd feed to iptables, just without
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the '-A <chain name>' bit at the start.
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However, if you need to jump to one of your wrapped chains,
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prepend its name with a '$' which will ensure the wrapping
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is applied correctly.
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"""
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chain = get_chain_name(chain, wrap)
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if wrap and chain not in self.chains:
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raise LookupError(_('Unknown chain: %r') % chain)
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if '$' in rule:
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rule = ' '.join(
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self._wrap_target_chain(e, wrap) for e in rule.split(' '))
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self.rules.append(IptablesRule(chain, rule, wrap, top, self.wrap_name,
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tag))
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def _wrap_target_chain(self, s, wrap):
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if s.startswith('$'):
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s = ('%s-%s' % (self.wrap_name, get_chain_name(s[1:], wrap)))
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return s
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def remove_rule(self, chain, rule, wrap=True, top=False):
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"""Remove a rule from a chain.
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Note: The rule must be exactly identical to the one that was added.
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You cannot switch arguments around like you can with the iptables
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CLI tool.
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"""
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chain = get_chain_name(chain, wrap)
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try:
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if '$' in rule:
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rule = ' '.join(
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self._wrap_target_chain(e, wrap) for e in rule.split(' '))
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self.rules.remove(IptablesRule(chain, rule, wrap, top,
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self.wrap_name))
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if not wrap:
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self.remove_rules.append(IptablesRule(chain, rule, wrap, top,
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self.wrap_name))
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except ValueError:
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LOG.warn(_('Tried to remove rule that was not there:'
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' %(chain)r %(rule)r %(wrap)r %(top)r'),
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{'chain': chain, 'rule': rule,
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'top': top, 'wrap': wrap})
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def empty_chain(self, chain, wrap=True):
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"""Remove all rules from a chain."""
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chain = get_chain_name(chain, wrap)
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chained_rules = [rule for rule in self.rules
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if rule.chain == chain and rule.wrap == wrap]
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for rule in chained_rules:
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self.rules.remove(rule)
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def clear_rules_by_tag(self, tag):
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if not tag:
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return
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rules = [rule for rule in self.rules if rule.tag == tag]
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for rule in rules:
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self.rules.remove(rule)
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class IptablesManager(object):
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"""Wrapper for iptables.
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See IptablesTable for some usage docs
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A number of chains are set up to begin with.
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First, neutron-filter-top. It's added at the top of FORWARD and OUTPUT. Its
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name is not wrapped, so it's shared between the various nova workers. It's
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intended for rules that need to live at the top of the FORWARD and OUTPUT
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chains. It's in both the ipv4 and ipv6 set of tables.
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For ipv4 and ipv6, the built-in INPUT, OUTPUT, and FORWARD filter chains
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are wrapped, meaning that the "real" INPUT chain has a rule that jumps to
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the wrapped INPUT chain, etc. Additionally, there's a wrapped chain named
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"local" which is jumped to from neutron-filter-top.
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For ipv4, the built-in PREROUTING, OUTPUT, and POSTROUTING nat chains are
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wrapped in the same was as the built-in filter chains. Additionally,
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there's a snat chain that is applied after the POSTROUTING chain.
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"""
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def __init__(self, _execute=None, state_less=False,
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root_helper=None, use_ipv6=False, namespace=None,
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binary_name=binary_name):
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if _execute:
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self.execute = _execute
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else:
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self.execute = linux_utils.execute
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self.use_ipv6 = use_ipv6
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self.root_helper = root_helper
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self.namespace = namespace
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self.iptables_apply_deferred = False
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self.wrap_name = binary_name[:16]
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self.ipv4 = {'filter': IptablesTable(binary_name=self.wrap_name)}
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self.ipv6 = {'filter': IptablesTable(binary_name=self.wrap_name)}
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# Add a neutron-filter-top chain. It's intended to be shared
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# among the various nova components. It sits at the very top
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# of FORWARD and OUTPUT.
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for tables in [self.ipv4, self.ipv6]:
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tables['filter'].add_chain('neutron-filter-top', wrap=False)
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tables['filter'].add_rule('FORWARD', '-j neutron-filter-top',
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wrap=False, top=True)
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tables['filter'].add_rule('OUTPUT', '-j neutron-filter-top',
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wrap=False, top=True)
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tables['filter'].add_chain('local')
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tables['filter'].add_rule('neutron-filter-top', '-j $local',
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wrap=False)
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# Wrap the built-in chains
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builtin_chains = {4: {'filter': ['INPUT', 'OUTPUT', 'FORWARD']},
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6: {'filter': ['INPUT', 'OUTPUT', 'FORWARD']}}
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if not state_less:
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self.ipv4.update(
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{'nat': IptablesTable(binary_name=self.wrap_name)})
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builtin_chains[4].update({'nat': ['PREROUTING',
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'OUTPUT', 'POSTROUTING']})
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for ip_version in builtin_chains:
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if ip_version == 4:
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tables = self.ipv4
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elif ip_version == 6:
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tables = self.ipv6
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for table, chains in builtin_chains[ip_version].iteritems():
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for chain in chains:
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tables[table].add_chain(chain)
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tables[table].add_rule(chain, '-j $%s' %
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(chain), wrap=False)
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if not state_less:
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# Add a neutron-postrouting-bottom chain. It's intended to be
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# shared among the various nova components. We set it as the last
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# chain of POSTROUTING chain.
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self.ipv4['nat'].add_chain('neutron-postrouting-bottom',
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wrap=False)
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self.ipv4['nat'].add_rule('POSTROUTING',
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'-j neutron-postrouting-bottom',
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wrap=False)
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# We add a snat chain to the shared neutron-postrouting-bottom
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# chain so that it's applied last.
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self.ipv4['nat'].add_chain('snat')
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self.ipv4['nat'].add_rule('neutron-postrouting-bottom',
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'-j $snat', wrap=False)
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# And then we add a float-snat chain and jump to first thing in
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# the snat chain.
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self.ipv4['nat'].add_chain('float-snat')
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self.ipv4['nat'].add_rule('snat', '-j $float-snat')
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def defer_apply_on(self):
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self.iptables_apply_deferred = True
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def defer_apply_off(self):
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self.iptables_apply_deferred = False
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self._apply()
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def apply(self):
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if self.iptables_apply_deferred:
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return
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self._apply()
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def _apply(self):
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lock_name = 'iptables'
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if self.namespace:
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lock_name += '-' + self.namespace
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try:
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with lockutils.lock(lock_name, utils.SYNCHRONIZED_PREFIX, True):
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LOG.debug(_('Got semaphore / lock "%s"'), lock_name)
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return self._apply_synchronized()
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finally:
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LOG.debug(_('Semaphore / lock released "%s"'), lock_name)
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def _apply_synchronized(self):
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"""Apply the current in-memory set of iptables rules.
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This will blow away any rules left over from previous runs of the
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same component of Nova, and replace them with our current set of
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rules. This happens atomically, thanks to iptables-restore.
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"""
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s = [('iptables', self.ipv4)]
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if self.use_ipv6:
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s += [('ip6tables', self.ipv6)]
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for cmd, tables in s:
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args = ['%s-save' % (cmd,), '-c']
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if self.namespace:
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args = ['ip', 'netns', 'exec', self.namespace] + args
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all_tables = self.execute(args, root_helper=self.root_helper)
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all_lines = all_tables.split('\n')
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for table_name, table in tables.iteritems():
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start, end = self._find_table(all_lines, table_name)
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all_lines[start:end] = self._modify_rules(
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all_lines[start:end], table, table_name)
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args = ['%s-restore' % (cmd,), '-c']
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if self.namespace:
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args = ['ip', 'netns', 'exec', self.namespace] + args
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self.execute(args, process_input='\n'.join(all_lines),
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root_helper=self.root_helper)
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LOG.debug(_("IPTablesManager.apply completed with success"))
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def _find_table(self, lines, table_name):
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if len(lines) < 3:
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# length only <2 when fake iptables
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return (0, 0)
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try:
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start = lines.index('*%s' % table_name) - 1
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except ValueError:
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# Couldn't find table_name
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LOG.debug(_('Unable to find table %s'), table_name)
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return (0, 0)
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end = lines[start:].index('COMMIT') + start + 2
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return (start, end)
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def _find_rules_index(self, lines):
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seen_chains = False
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rules_index = 0
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for rules_index, rule in enumerate(lines):
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if not seen_chains:
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if rule.startswith(':'):
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seen_chains = True
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else:
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if not rule.startswith(':'):
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break
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if not seen_chains:
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rules_index = 2
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return rules_index
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def _modify_rules(self, current_lines, table, table_name):
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unwrapped_chains = table.unwrapped_chains
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chains = table.chains
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remove_chains = table.remove_chains
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rules = table.rules
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remove_rules = table.remove_rules
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if not current_lines:
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fake_table = ['# Generated by iptables_manager',
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'*' + table_name, 'COMMIT',
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'# Completed by iptables_manager']
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current_lines = fake_table
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# Fill old_filter with any chains or rules we might have added,
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# they could have a [packet:byte] count we want to preserve.
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# Fill new_filter with any chains or rules without our name in them.
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old_filter, new_filter = [], []
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for line in current_lines:
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(old_filter if self.wrap_name in line else
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new_filter).append(line.strip())
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rules_index = self._find_rules_index(new_filter)
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all_chains = [':%s' % name for name in unwrapped_chains]
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all_chains += [':%s-%s' % (self.wrap_name, name) for name in chains]
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# Iterate through all the chains, trying to find an existing
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# match.
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our_chains = []
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for chain in all_chains:
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chain_str = str(chain).strip()
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orig_filter = [s for s in old_filter if chain_str in s.strip()]
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dup_filter = [s for s in new_filter if chain_str in s.strip()]
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new_filter = [s for s in new_filter if chain_str not in s.strip()]
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# if no old or duplicates, use original chain
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if orig_filter:
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# grab the last entry, if there is one
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old = orig_filter[-1]
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chain_str = str(old).strip()
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elif dup_filter:
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# grab the last entry, if there is one
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dup = dup_filter[-1]
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chain_str = str(dup).strip()
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else:
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# add-on the [packet:bytes]
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chain_str += ' - [0:0]'
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our_chains += [chain_str]
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# Iterate through all the rules, trying to find an existing
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# match.
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our_rules = []
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bot_rules = []
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for rule in rules:
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rule_str = str(rule).strip()
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# Further down, we weed out duplicates from the bottom of the
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# list, so here we remove the dupes ahead of time.
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orig_filter = [s for s in old_filter if rule_str in s.strip()]
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dup_filter = [s for s in new_filter if rule_str in s.strip()]
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new_filter = [s for s in new_filter if rule_str not in s.strip()]
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# if no old or duplicates, use original rule
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if orig_filter:
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# grab the last entry, if there is one
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old = orig_filter[-1]
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rule_str = str(old).strip()
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elif dup_filter:
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# grab the last entry, if there is one
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dup = dup_filter[-1]
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|
rule_str = str(dup).strip()
|
|
# backup one index so we write the array correctly
|
|
rules_index -= 1
|
|
else:
|
|
# add-on the [packet:bytes]
|
|
rule_str = '[0:0] ' + rule_str
|
|
|
|
if rule.top:
|
|
# rule.top == True means we want this rule to be at the top.
|
|
our_rules += [rule_str]
|
|
else:
|
|
bot_rules += [rule_str]
|
|
|
|
our_rules += bot_rules
|
|
|
|
new_filter[rules_index:rules_index] = our_rules
|
|
new_filter[rules_index:rules_index] = our_chains
|
|
|
|
def _strip_packets_bytes(line):
|
|
# strip any [packet:byte] counts at start or end of lines
|
|
if line.startswith(':'):
|
|
# it's a chain, for example, ":neutron-billing - [0:0]"
|
|
line = line.split(':')[1]
|
|
line = line.split(' - [', 1)[0]
|
|
elif line.startswith('['):
|
|
# it's a rule, for example, "[0:0] -A neutron-billing..."
|
|
line = line.split('] ', 1)[1]
|
|
line = line.strip()
|
|
return line
|
|
|
|
seen_chains = set()
|
|
|
|
def _weed_out_duplicate_chains(line):
|
|
# ignore [packet:byte] counts at end of lines
|
|
if line.startswith(':'):
|
|
line = _strip_packets_bytes(line)
|
|
if line in seen_chains:
|
|
return False
|
|
else:
|
|
seen_chains.add(line)
|
|
|
|
# Leave it alone
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
seen_rules = set()
|
|
|
|
def _weed_out_duplicate_rules(line):
|
|
if line.startswith('['):
|
|
line = _strip_packets_bytes(line)
|
|
if line in seen_rules:
|
|
return False
|
|
else:
|
|
seen_rules.add(line)
|
|
|
|
# Leave it alone
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
def _weed_out_removes(line):
|
|
# We need to find exact matches here
|
|
if line.startswith(':'):
|
|
line = _strip_packets_bytes(line)
|
|
for chain in remove_chains:
|
|
if chain == line:
|
|
remove_chains.remove(chain)
|
|
return False
|
|
elif line.startswith('['):
|
|
line = _strip_packets_bytes(line)
|
|
for rule in remove_rules:
|
|
rule_str = _strip_packets_bytes(str(rule))
|
|
if rule_str == line:
|
|
remove_rules.remove(rule)
|
|
return False
|
|
|
|
# Leave it alone
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
# We filter duplicates. Go through the chains and rules, letting
|
|
# the *last* occurrence take precendence since it could have a
|
|
# non-zero [packet:byte] count we want to preserve. We also filter
|
|
# out anything in the "remove" list.
|
|
new_filter.reverse()
|
|
new_filter = [line for line in new_filter
|
|
if _weed_out_duplicate_chains(line) and
|
|
_weed_out_duplicate_rules(line) and
|
|
_weed_out_removes(line)]
|
|
new_filter.reverse()
|
|
|
|
# flush lists, just in case we didn't find something
|
|
remove_chains.clear()
|
|
for rule in remove_rules:
|
|
remove_rules.remove(rule)
|
|
|
|
return new_filter
|
|
|
|
def _get_traffic_counters_cmd_tables(self, chain, wrap=True):
|
|
name = get_chain_name(chain, wrap)
|
|
|
|
cmd_tables = [('iptables', key) for key, table in self.ipv4.items()
|
|
if name in table._select_chain_set(wrap)]
|
|
|
|
cmd_tables += [('ip6tables', key) for key, table in self.ipv6.items()
|
|
if name in table._select_chain_set(wrap)]
|
|
|
|
return cmd_tables
|
|
|
|
def get_traffic_counters(self, chain, wrap=True, zero=False):
|
|
"""Return the sum of the traffic counters of all rules of a chain."""
|
|
cmd_tables = self._get_traffic_counters_cmd_tables(chain, wrap)
|
|
if not cmd_tables:
|
|
LOG.warn(_('Attempted to get traffic counters of chain %s which '
|
|
'does not exist'), chain)
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
name = get_chain_name(chain, wrap)
|
|
acc = {'pkts': 0, 'bytes': 0}
|
|
|
|
for cmd, table in cmd_tables:
|
|
args = [cmd, '-t', table, '-L', name, '-n', '-v', '-x']
|
|
if zero:
|
|
args.append('-Z')
|
|
if self.namespace:
|
|
args = ['ip', 'netns', 'exec', self.namespace] + args
|
|
current_table = (self.execute(args,
|
|
root_helper=self.root_helper))
|
|
current_lines = current_table.split('\n')
|
|
|
|
for line in current_lines[2:]:
|
|
if not line:
|
|
break
|
|
data = line.split()
|
|
if (len(data) < 2 or
|
|
not data[0].isdigit() or
|
|
not data[1].isdigit()):
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
acc['pkts'] += int(data[0])
|
|
acc['bytes'] += int(data[1])
|
|
|
|
return acc
|