Typo fix: remove multiple whitespace
Remove multiple whitespace character from doc/networking.rst file. TrivialFix Change-Id: I3e6a1543a3a0d8b001a158fda0e715f6098dab02
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Alex Szarka
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@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ Multi Tenancy Networking Protections in XenServer
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=================================================
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The purpose of the vif_rules script is to allow multi-tenancy on a XenServer
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host. In a multi-tenant cloud environment a host machine needs to be able to
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host. In a multi-tenant cloud environment a host machine needs to be able to
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enforce network isolation amongst guest instances, at both layer two and layer
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three. The rules prevent guests from taking and using unauthorized IP addresses,
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sniffing other guests traffic, and prevents ARP poisoning attacks. This current
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sniffing other guests traffic, and prevents ARP poisoning attacks. This current
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revision only supports IPv4, but will support IPv6 in the future.
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Kernel Requirements
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@ -22,43 +22,43 @@ the proper version of XenServer to recompile the dom0 kernel.
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XenServer Requirements (32-bit dom0)
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====================================
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- arptables 32-bit rpm
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- arptables 32-bit rpm
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- ebtables 32-bit rpm
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- python-simplejson
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XenServer Environment Specific Notes
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XenServer Environment Specific Notes
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====================================
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- XenServer 5.5 U1 based on the 2.6.18 kernel didn't include physdev module
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support. Support for this had to be recompiled into the kernel.
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support. Support for this had to be recompiled into the kernel.
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- XenServer 5.6 based on the 2.6.27 kernel didn't include physdev, ebtables, or
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arptables.
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- XenServer 5.6 FP1 didn't include physdev, ebtables, or arptables but they do
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have a Cloud Supplemental pack available to partners which swaps out the
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kernels for kernels that support the networking rules.
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kernels for kernels that support the networking rules.
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How it works - tl;dr
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====================
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iptables, ebtables, and arptables drop rules are applied to all forward chains
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on the host. These are applied at boot time with an init script. They ensure
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all forwarded packets are dropped by default. Allow rules are then applied to
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on the host. These are applied at boot time with an init script. They ensure
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all forwarded packets are dropped by default. Allow rules are then applied to
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the instances to ensure they have permission to talk on the internet.
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How it works - Long
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===================
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Any time an underprivileged domain or domU is started or stopped, it
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gets a unique domain id (dom_id). This dom_id is utilized in a number
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gets a unique domain id (dom_id). This dom_id is utilized in a number
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of places, one of which is that it is assigned to the virtual
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interface (vif). The vifs are attached to the bridge that is attached
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to the physical network. For instance, if you had a public bridge
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interface (vif). The vifs are attached to the bridge that is attached
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to the physical network. For instance, if you had a public bridge
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attached to eth0 and your domain id was 5, your vif would be vif5.0.
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The networking rules are applied to the VIF directly so they apply at the lowest
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level of the networking stack. Because the VIF changes along with the domain id
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level of the networking stack. Because the VIF changes along with the domain id
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on any start, stop, or reboot of the instance, the rules need to be removed and
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re-added any time that occurs.
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re-added any time that occurs.
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Because the dom_id can change often, the vif_rules script is hooked into the
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/etc/xensource/scripts/vif script that gets called anytime an instance is
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@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ started, or stopped, which includes pauses and resumes.
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Examples of the rules ran for the host on boot:
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iptables -P FORWARD DROP
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iptables -P FORWARD DROP
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iptables -A FORWARD -m physdev --physdev-in eth0 -j ACCEPT
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ebtables -P FORWARD DROP
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ebtables -A FORWARD -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
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arptables -P FORWARD DROP
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arptables -P FORWARD DROP
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arptables -A FORWARD --opcode Request --in-interface eth0 -j ACCEPT
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arptables -A FORWARD --opcode Reply --in-interface eth0 -j ACCEPT
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@ -82,37 +82,37 @@ arptables -A FORWARD --opcode Request --in-interface "vif1.0" \
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arptables -A FORWARD --opcode Reply --in-interface "vif1.0" \
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--source-ip 10.1.135.22 --source-mac 9e:6e:cc:19:7f:fe -j ACCEPT
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ebtables -A FORWARD -p 0806 -o vif1.0 --arp-ip-dst 10.1.135.22 -j ACCEPT
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ebtables -A FORWARD -p 0800 -o vif1.0 --ip-dst 10.1.135.22 -j ACCEPT
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ebtables -A FORWARD -p 0800 -o vif1.0 --ip-dst 10.1.135.22 -j ACCEPT
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ebtables -I FORWARD 1 -s ! 9e:6e:cc:19:7f:fe -i vif1.0 -j DROP
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Typically when you see a vif, it'll look like
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vif<domain id>.<network bridge>. vif2.1 for example would be domain 2 on the
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vif<domain id>.<network bridge>. vif2.1 for example would be domain 2 on the
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second interface.
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The vif_rules.py script needs to pull information about the IPs and MAC
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addresses assigned to the instance. The current implementation assumes that
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addresses assigned to the instance. The current implementation assumes that
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information is put into the VM Record into the xenstore-data key in a JSON
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string. The vif_rules.py script reads out of the JSON string to determine the
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IPs, and MAC addresses to protect.
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string. The vif_rules.py script reads out of the JSON string to determine the
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IPs, and MAC addresses to protect.
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An example format is given below:
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# xe vm-param-get uuid=<uuid> param-name=xenstore-data
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# xe vm-param-get uuid=<uuid> param-name=xenstore-data
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xenstore-data (MRW):
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vm-data/networking/4040fa7292e4:
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{"label": "public",
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"ips": [{"netmask":"255.255.255.0",
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"enabled":"1",
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"ip":"173.200.100.10"}],
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"ips": [{"netmask":"255.255.255.0",
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"enabled":"1",
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"ip":"173.200.100.10"}],
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"mac":"40:40:fa:72:92:e4",
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"gateway":"173.200.100.1",
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"gateway":"173.200.100.1",
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"vm_id":"123456",
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"dns":["72.3.128.240","72.3.128.241"]};
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vm-data/networking/40402321c9b8:
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{"label":"private",
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"ips":[{"netmask":"255.255.224.0",
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"enabled":"1",
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"enabled":"1",
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"ip":"10.177.10.10"}],
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"routes":[{"route":"10.176.0.0",
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"netmask":"255.248.0.0",
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@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ vm-data/networking/40402321c9b8:
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"gateway":"10.177.10.1"}],
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"mac":"40:40:23:21:c9:b8"}
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The key is used for two purposes. First, the vif_rules.py script
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The key is used for two purposes. First, the vif_rules.py script
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reads from it to apply the rules needed after parsing the JSON.
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Second, because it is put into the xenstore-data field, the xenstore
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is populated with this data on boot. This allows a guest agent the
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is populated with this data on boot. This allows a guest agent the
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ability to read out data about the instance and apply configurations
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as needed.
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@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ Installation
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- Copy host-rules into /etc/init.d/ and make sure to chmod +x host-rules.
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- Run 'chkconfig host-rules on' to add the init script to start up.
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- Copy vif_rules.py into /etc/xensource/scripts
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- Patch /etc/xensource/scripts/vif using the supplied patch file. It may vary
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- Patch /etc/xensource/scripts/vif using the supplied patch file. It may vary
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for different versions of XenServer but it should be pretty self explanatory.
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It calls the vif_rules.py script on domain creation and tear down.
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- Run '/etc/init.d/host-rules start' to start up the host based rules.
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@ -143,4 +143,3 @@ Installation
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JSON is in place.
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- You can check to see if the rules are in place with: iptables --list,
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arptables --list, or ebtables --list
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