671 lines
26 KiB
Python
671 lines
26 KiB
Python
# Copyright 2012 Grid Dynamics
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# All Rights Reserved.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
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# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
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# a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
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# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
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# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
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# under the License.
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import abc
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import contextlib
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import os
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from oslo.config import cfg
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import six
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from nova import exception
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from nova.i18n import _
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from nova.i18n import _LE
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from nova import image
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from nova.openstack.common import excutils
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from nova.openstack.common import fileutils
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from nova.openstack.common import jsonutils
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from nova.openstack.common import log as logging
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from nova.openstack.common import units
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from nova import utils
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from nova.virt.disk import api as disk
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from nova.virt import images
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from nova.virt.libvirt import config as vconfig
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from nova.virt.libvirt import lvm
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from nova.virt.libvirt import rbd_utils
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from nova.virt.libvirt import utils as libvirt_utils
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__imagebackend_opts = [
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cfg.StrOpt('images_type',
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default='default',
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help='VM Images format. Acceptable values are: raw, qcow2, lvm,'
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' rbd, default. If default is specified,'
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' then use_cow_images flag is used instead of this one.'),
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cfg.StrOpt('images_volume_group',
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help='LVM Volume Group that is used for VM images, when you'
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' specify images_type=lvm.'),
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cfg.BoolOpt('sparse_logical_volumes',
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default=False,
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help='Create sparse logical volumes (with virtualsize)'
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' if this flag is set to True.'),
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cfg.StrOpt('volume_clear',
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default='zero',
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help='Method used to wipe old volumes (valid options are: '
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'none, zero, shred)'),
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cfg.IntOpt('volume_clear_size',
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default=0,
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help='Size in MiB to wipe at start of old volumes. 0 => all'),
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cfg.StrOpt('images_rbd_pool',
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default='rbd',
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help='The RADOS pool in which rbd volumes are stored'),
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cfg.StrOpt('images_rbd_ceph_conf',
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default='', # default determined by librados
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help='Path to the ceph configuration file to use'),
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]
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CONF = cfg.CONF
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CONF.register_opts(__imagebackend_opts, 'libvirt')
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CONF.import_opt('image_cache_subdirectory_name', 'nova.virt.imagecache')
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CONF.import_opt('preallocate_images', 'nova.virt.driver')
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CONF.import_opt('rbd_user', 'nova.virt.libvirt.volume', group='libvirt')
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CONF.import_opt('rbd_secret_uuid', 'nova.virt.libvirt.volume', group='libvirt')
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LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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IMAGE_API = image.API()
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@six.add_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta)
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class Image(object):
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SUPPORTS_CLONE = False
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def __init__(self, source_type, driver_format, is_block_dev=False):
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"""Image initialization.
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:source_type: block or file
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:driver_format: raw or qcow2
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:is_block_dev:
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"""
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self.source_type = source_type
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self.driver_format = driver_format
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self.is_block_dev = is_block_dev
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self.preallocate = False
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# NOTE(dripton): We store lines of json (path, disk_format) in this
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# file, for some image types, to prevent attacks based on changing the
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# disk_format.
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self.disk_info_path = None
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# NOTE(mikal): We need a lock directory which is shared along with
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# instance files, to cover the scenario where multiple compute nodes
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# are trying to create a base file at the same time
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self.lock_path = os.path.join(CONF.instances_path, 'locks')
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@abc.abstractmethod
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def create_image(self, prepare_template, base, size, *args, **kwargs):
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"""Create image from template.
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Contains specific behavior for each image type.
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:prepare_template: function, that creates template.
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Should accept `target` argument.
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:base: Template name
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:size: Size of created image in bytes
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"""
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pass
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def libvirt_info(self, disk_bus, disk_dev, device_type, cache_mode,
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extra_specs, hypervisor_version):
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"""Get `LibvirtConfigGuestDisk` filled for this image.
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:disk_dev: Disk bus device name
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:disk_bus: Disk bus type
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:device_type: Device type for this image.
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:cache_mode: Caching mode for this image
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:extra_specs: Instance type extra specs dict.
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"""
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info = vconfig.LibvirtConfigGuestDisk()
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info.source_type = self.source_type
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info.source_device = device_type
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info.target_bus = disk_bus
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info.target_dev = disk_dev
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info.driver_cache = cache_mode
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info.driver_format = self.driver_format
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driver_name = libvirt_utils.pick_disk_driver_name(hypervisor_version,
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self.is_block_dev)
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info.driver_name = driver_name
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info.source_path = self.path
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tune_items = ['disk_read_bytes_sec', 'disk_read_iops_sec',
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'disk_write_bytes_sec', 'disk_write_iops_sec',
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'disk_total_bytes_sec', 'disk_total_iops_sec']
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for key, value in extra_specs.iteritems():
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scope = key.split(':')
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if len(scope) > 1 and scope[0] == 'quota':
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if scope[1] in tune_items:
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setattr(info, scope[1], value)
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return info
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def check_image_exists(self):
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return os.path.exists(self.path)
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def cache(self, fetch_func, filename, size=None, *args, **kwargs):
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"""Creates image from template.
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Ensures that template and image not already exists.
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Ensures that base directory exists.
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Synchronizes on template fetching.
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:fetch_func: Function that creates the base image
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Should accept `target` argument.
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:filename: Name of the file in the image directory
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:size: Size of created image in bytes (optional)
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"""
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@utils.synchronized(filename, external=True, lock_path=self.lock_path)
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def fetch_func_sync(target, *args, **kwargs):
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fetch_func(target=target, *args, **kwargs)
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base_dir = os.path.join(CONF.instances_path,
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CONF.image_cache_subdirectory_name)
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if not os.path.exists(base_dir):
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fileutils.ensure_tree(base_dir)
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base = os.path.join(base_dir, filename)
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if not self.check_image_exists() or not os.path.exists(base):
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self.create_image(fetch_func_sync, base, size,
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*args, **kwargs)
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if (size and self.preallocate and self._can_fallocate() and
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os.access(self.path, os.W_OK)):
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utils.execute('fallocate', '-n', '-l', size, self.path)
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def _can_fallocate(self):
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"""Check once per class, whether fallocate(1) is available,
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and that the instances directory supports fallocate(2).
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"""
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can_fallocate = getattr(self.__class__, 'can_fallocate', None)
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if can_fallocate is None:
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_out, err = utils.trycmd('fallocate', '-n', '-l', '1',
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self.path + '.fallocate_test')
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fileutils.delete_if_exists(self.path + '.fallocate_test')
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can_fallocate = not err
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self.__class__.can_fallocate = can_fallocate
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if not can_fallocate:
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LOG.error(_LE('Unable to preallocate_images=%(imgs)s at path: '
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'%(path)s'), {'imgs': CONF.preallocate_images,
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'path': self.path})
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return can_fallocate
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def verify_base_size(self, base, size, base_size=0):
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"""Check that the base image is not larger than size.
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Since images can't be generally shrunk, enforce this
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constraint taking account of virtual image size.
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"""
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# Note(pbrady): The size and min_disk parameters of a glance
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# image are checked against the instance size before the image
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# is even downloaded from glance, but currently min_disk is
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# adjustable and doesn't currently account for virtual disk size,
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# so we need this extra check here.
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# NOTE(cfb): Having a flavor that sets the root size to 0 and having
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# nova effectively ignore that size and use the size of the
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# image is considered a feature at this time, not a bug.
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if size is None:
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return
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if size and not base_size:
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base_size = self.get_disk_size(base)
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if size < base_size:
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msg = _LE('%(base)s virtual size %(base_size)s '
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'larger than flavor root disk size %(size)s')
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LOG.error(msg % {'base': base,
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'base_size': base_size,
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'size': size})
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raise exception.FlavorDiskTooSmall()
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def get_disk_size(self, name):
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disk.get_disk_size(name)
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def snapshot_extract(self, target, out_format):
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raise NotImplementedError()
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def _get_driver_format(self):
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return self.driver_format
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def resolve_driver_format(self):
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"""Return the driver format for self.path.
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First checks self.disk_info_path for an entry.
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If it's not there, calls self._get_driver_format(), and then
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stores the result in self.disk_info_path
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See https://bugs.launchpad.net/nova/+bug/1221190
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"""
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def _dict_from_line(line):
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if not line:
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return {}
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try:
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return jsonutils.loads(line)
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except (TypeError, ValueError) as e:
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msg = (_("Could not load line %(line)s, got error "
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"%(error)s") %
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{'line': line, 'error': unicode(e)})
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raise exception.InvalidDiskInfo(reason=msg)
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@utils.synchronized(self.disk_info_path, external=False,
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lock_path=self.lock_path)
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def write_to_disk_info_file():
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# Use os.open to create it without group or world write permission.
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fd = os.open(self.disk_info_path, os.O_RDONLY | os.O_CREAT, 0o644)
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with os.fdopen(fd, "r") as disk_info_file:
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line = disk_info_file.read().rstrip()
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dct = _dict_from_line(line)
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if self.path in dct:
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msg = _("Attempted overwrite of an existing value.")
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raise exception.InvalidDiskInfo(reason=msg)
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dct.update({self.path: driver_format})
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tmp_path = self.disk_info_path + ".tmp"
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fd = os.open(tmp_path, os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT, 0o644)
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with os.fdopen(fd, "w") as tmp_file:
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tmp_file.write('%s\n' % jsonutils.dumps(dct))
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os.rename(tmp_path, self.disk_info_path)
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try:
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if (self.disk_info_path is not None and
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os.path.exists(self.disk_info_path)):
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with open(self.disk_info_path) as disk_info_file:
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line = disk_info_file.read().rstrip()
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dct = _dict_from_line(line)
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for path, driver_format in dct.iteritems():
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if path == self.path:
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return driver_format
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driver_format = self._get_driver_format()
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if self.disk_info_path is not None:
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fileutils.ensure_tree(os.path.dirname(self.disk_info_path))
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write_to_disk_info_file()
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except OSError as e:
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raise exception.DiskInfoReadWriteFail(reason=unicode(e))
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return driver_format
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@staticmethod
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def is_shared_block_storage():
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"""True if the backend puts images on a shared block storage."""
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return False
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def clone(self, context, image_id_or_uri):
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"""Clone an image.
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Note that clone operation is backend-dependent. The backend may ask
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the image API for a list of image "locations" and select one or more
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of those locations to clone an image from.
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:param image_id_or_uri: The ID or URI of an image to clone.
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:raises: exception.ImageUnacceptable if it cannot be cloned
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"""
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reason = _('clone() is not implemented')
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raise exception.ImageUnacceptable(image_id=image_id_or_uri,
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reason=reason)
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class Raw(Image):
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def __init__(self, instance=None, disk_name=None, path=None):
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super(Raw, self).__init__("file", "raw", is_block_dev=False)
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self.path = (path or
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os.path.join(libvirt_utils.get_instance_path(instance),
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disk_name))
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self.preallocate = CONF.preallocate_images != 'none'
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self.disk_info_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.path),
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'disk.info')
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self.correct_format()
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def _get_driver_format(self):
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data = images.qemu_img_info(self.path)
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return data.file_format or 'raw'
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def correct_format(self):
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if os.path.exists(self.path):
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self.driver_format = self.resolve_driver_format()
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def create_image(self, prepare_template, base, size, *args, **kwargs):
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filename = os.path.split(base)[-1]
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@utils.synchronized(filename, external=True, lock_path=self.lock_path)
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def copy_raw_image(base, target, size):
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libvirt_utils.copy_image(base, target)
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if size:
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# class Raw is misnamed, format may not be 'raw' in all cases
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use_cow = self.driver_format == 'qcow2'
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disk.extend(target, size, use_cow=use_cow)
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generating = 'image_id' not in kwargs
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if generating:
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if not self.check_image_exists():
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# Generating image in place
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prepare_template(target=self.path, *args, **kwargs)
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else:
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if not os.path.exists(base):
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prepare_template(target=base, max_size=size, *args, **kwargs)
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self.verify_base_size(base, size)
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if not os.path.exists(self.path):
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with fileutils.remove_path_on_error(self.path):
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copy_raw_image(base, self.path, size)
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self.correct_format()
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def snapshot_extract(self, target, out_format):
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images.convert_image(self.path, target, out_format)
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class Qcow2(Image):
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def __init__(self, instance=None, disk_name=None, path=None):
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super(Qcow2, self).__init__("file", "qcow2", is_block_dev=False)
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self.path = (path or
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os.path.join(libvirt_utils.get_instance_path(instance),
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disk_name))
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self.preallocate = CONF.preallocate_images != 'none'
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self.disk_info_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.path),
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'disk.info')
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self.resolve_driver_format()
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def create_image(self, prepare_template, base, size, *args, **kwargs):
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filename = os.path.split(base)[-1]
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@utils.synchronized(filename, external=True, lock_path=self.lock_path)
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def copy_qcow2_image(base, target, size):
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# TODO(pbrady): Consider copying the cow image here
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# with preallocation=metadata set for performance reasons.
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# This would be keyed on a 'preallocate_images' setting.
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libvirt_utils.create_cow_image(base, target)
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if size:
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disk.extend(target, size, use_cow=True)
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# Download the unmodified base image unless we already have a copy.
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if not os.path.exists(base):
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prepare_template(target=base, max_size=size, *args, **kwargs)
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else:
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self.verify_base_size(base, size)
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legacy_backing_size = None
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legacy_base = base
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# Determine whether an existing qcow2 disk uses a legacy backing by
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# actually looking at the image itself and parsing the output of the
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# backing file it expects to be using.
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if os.path.exists(self.path):
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backing_path = libvirt_utils.get_disk_backing_file(self.path)
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if backing_path is not None:
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backing_file = os.path.basename(backing_path)
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backing_parts = backing_file.rpartition('_')
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if backing_file != backing_parts[-1] and \
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backing_parts[-1].isdigit():
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legacy_backing_size = int(backing_parts[-1])
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legacy_base += '_%d' % legacy_backing_size
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legacy_backing_size *= units.Gi
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# Create the legacy backing file if necessary.
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if legacy_backing_size:
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if not os.path.exists(legacy_base):
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with fileutils.remove_path_on_error(legacy_base):
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libvirt_utils.copy_image(base, legacy_base)
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disk.extend(legacy_base, legacy_backing_size, use_cow=True)
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if not os.path.exists(self.path):
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with fileutils.remove_path_on_error(self.path):
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copy_qcow2_image(base, self.path, size)
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def snapshot_extract(self, target, out_format):
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libvirt_utils.extract_snapshot(self.path, 'qcow2',
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target,
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out_format)
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class Lvm(Image):
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@staticmethod
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def escape(filename):
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return filename.replace('_', '__')
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def __init__(self, instance=None, disk_name=None, path=None):
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super(Lvm, self).__init__("block", "raw", is_block_dev=True)
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if path:
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info = lvm.volume_info(path)
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self.vg = info['VG']
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self.lv = info['LV']
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self.path = path
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else:
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if not CONF.libvirt.images_volume_group:
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raise RuntimeError(_('You should specify'
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' images_volume_group'
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' flag to use LVM images.'))
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self.vg = CONF.libvirt.images_volume_group
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self.lv = '%s_%s' % (instance['uuid'],
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self.escape(disk_name))
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self.path = os.path.join('/dev', self.vg, self.lv)
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# TODO(pbrady): possibly deprecate libvirt.sparse_logical_volumes
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# for the more general preallocate_images
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self.sparse = CONF.libvirt.sparse_logical_volumes
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self.preallocate = not self.sparse
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def _can_fallocate(self):
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return False
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def create_image(self, prepare_template, base, size, *args, **kwargs):
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filename = os.path.split(base)[-1]
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@utils.synchronized(filename, external=True, lock_path=self.lock_path)
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def create_lvm_image(base, size):
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base_size = disk.get_disk_size(base)
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self.verify_base_size(base, size, base_size=base_size)
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resize = size > base_size
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size = size if resize else base_size
|
|
lvm.create_volume(self.vg, self.lv,
|
|
size, sparse=self.sparse)
|
|
images.convert_image(base, self.path, 'raw', run_as_root=True)
|
|
if resize:
|
|
disk.resize2fs(self.path, run_as_root=True)
|
|
|
|
generated = 'ephemeral_size' in kwargs
|
|
|
|
# Generate images with specified size right on volume
|
|
if generated and size:
|
|
lvm.create_volume(self.vg, self.lv,
|
|
size, sparse=self.sparse)
|
|
with self.remove_volume_on_error(self.path):
|
|
prepare_template(target=self.path, *args, **kwargs)
|
|
else:
|
|
if not os.path.exists(base):
|
|
prepare_template(target=base, max_size=size, *args, **kwargs)
|
|
with self.remove_volume_on_error(self.path):
|
|
create_lvm_image(base, size)
|
|
|
|
@contextlib.contextmanager
|
|
def remove_volume_on_error(self, path):
|
|
try:
|
|
yield
|
|
except Exception:
|
|
with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():
|
|
lvm.remove_volumes(path)
|
|
|
|
def snapshot_extract(self, target, out_format):
|
|
images.convert_image(self.path, target, out_format,
|
|
run_as_root=True)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Rbd(Image):
|
|
|
|
SUPPORTS_CLONE = True
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, instance=None, disk_name=None, path=None, **kwargs):
|
|
super(Rbd, self).__init__("block", "rbd", is_block_dev=True)
|
|
if path:
|
|
try:
|
|
self.rbd_name = path.split('/')[1]
|
|
except IndexError:
|
|
raise exception.InvalidDevicePath(path=path)
|
|
else:
|
|
self.rbd_name = '%s_%s' % (instance['uuid'], disk_name)
|
|
|
|
if not CONF.libvirt.images_rbd_pool:
|
|
raise RuntimeError(_('You should specify'
|
|
' images_rbd_pool'
|
|
' flag to use rbd images.'))
|
|
self.pool = CONF.libvirt.images_rbd_pool
|
|
self.rbd_user = CONF.libvirt.rbd_user
|
|
self.ceph_conf = CONF.libvirt.images_rbd_ceph_conf
|
|
|
|
self.driver = rbd_utils.RBDDriver(
|
|
pool=self.pool,
|
|
ceph_conf=self.ceph_conf,
|
|
rbd_user=self.rbd_user)
|
|
|
|
self.path = 'rbd:%s/%s' % (self.pool, self.rbd_name)
|
|
if self.rbd_user:
|
|
self.path += ':id=' + self.rbd_user
|
|
if self.ceph_conf:
|
|
self.path += ':conf=' + self.ceph_conf
|
|
|
|
def libvirt_info(self, disk_bus, disk_dev, device_type, cache_mode,
|
|
extra_specs, hypervisor_version):
|
|
"""Get `LibvirtConfigGuestDisk` filled for this image.
|
|
|
|
:disk_dev: Disk bus device name
|
|
:disk_bus: Disk bus type
|
|
:device_type: Device type for this image.
|
|
:cache_mode: Caching mode for this image
|
|
:extra_specs: Instance type extra specs dict.
|
|
"""
|
|
info = vconfig.LibvirtConfigGuestDisk()
|
|
|
|
hosts, ports = self.driver.get_mon_addrs()
|
|
info.source_device = device_type
|
|
info.driver_format = 'raw'
|
|
info.driver_cache = cache_mode
|
|
info.target_bus = disk_bus
|
|
info.target_dev = disk_dev
|
|
info.source_type = 'network'
|
|
info.source_protocol = 'rbd'
|
|
info.source_name = '%s/%s' % (self.pool, self.rbd_name)
|
|
info.source_hosts = hosts
|
|
info.source_ports = ports
|
|
auth_enabled = (CONF.libvirt.rbd_user is not None)
|
|
if CONF.libvirt.rbd_secret_uuid:
|
|
info.auth_secret_uuid = CONF.libvirt.rbd_secret_uuid
|
|
auth_enabled = True # Force authentication locally
|
|
if CONF.libvirt.rbd_user:
|
|
info.auth_username = CONF.libvirt.rbd_user
|
|
if auth_enabled:
|
|
info.auth_secret_type = 'ceph'
|
|
info.auth_secret_uuid = CONF.libvirt.rbd_secret_uuid
|
|
return info
|
|
|
|
def _can_fallocate(self):
|
|
return False
|
|
|
|
def check_image_exists(self):
|
|
return self.driver.exists(self.rbd_name)
|
|
|
|
def get_disk_size(self, name):
|
|
"""Returns the size of the virtual disk in bytes.
|
|
|
|
The name argument is ignored since this backend already knows
|
|
its name, and callers may pass a non-existent local file path.
|
|
"""
|
|
return self.driver.size(self.rbd_name)
|
|
|
|
def create_image(self, prepare_template, base, size, *args, **kwargs):
|
|
|
|
if not self.check_image_exists():
|
|
prepare_template(target=base, max_size=size, *args, **kwargs)
|
|
else:
|
|
self.verify_base_size(base, size)
|
|
|
|
# prepare_template() may have cloned the image into a new rbd
|
|
# image already instead of downloading it locally
|
|
if not self.check_image_exists():
|
|
self.driver.import_image(base, self.rbd_name)
|
|
|
|
if size and size > self.get_disk_size(self.rbd_name):
|
|
self.driver.resize(self.rbd_name, size)
|
|
|
|
def snapshot_extract(self, target, out_format):
|
|
images.convert_image(self.path, target, out_format)
|
|
|
|
@staticmethod
|
|
def is_shared_block_storage():
|
|
return True
|
|
|
|
def clone(self, context, image_id_or_uri):
|
|
if not self.driver.supports_layering():
|
|
reason = _('installed version of librbd does not support cloning')
|
|
raise exception.ImageUnacceptable(image_id=image_id_or_uri,
|
|
reason=reason)
|
|
|
|
image_meta = IMAGE_API.get(context, image_id_or_uri,
|
|
include_locations=True)
|
|
locations = image_meta['locations']
|
|
|
|
LOG.debug('Image locations are: %(locs)s' % {'locs': locations})
|
|
|
|
if image_meta.get('disk_format') not in ['raw', 'iso']:
|
|
reason = _('Image is not raw format')
|
|
raise exception.ImageUnacceptable(image_id=image_id_or_uri,
|
|
reason=reason)
|
|
|
|
for location in locations:
|
|
if self.driver.is_cloneable(location, image_meta):
|
|
return self.driver.clone(location, self.rbd_name)
|
|
|
|
reason = _('No image locations are accessible')
|
|
raise exception.ImageUnacceptable(image_id=image_id_or_uri,
|
|
reason=reason)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Backend(object):
|
|
def __init__(self, use_cow):
|
|
self.BACKEND = {
|
|
'raw': Raw,
|
|
'qcow2': Qcow2,
|
|
'lvm': Lvm,
|
|
'rbd': Rbd,
|
|
'default': Qcow2 if use_cow else Raw
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
def backend(self, image_type=None):
|
|
if not image_type:
|
|
image_type = CONF.libvirt.images_type
|
|
image = self.BACKEND.get(image_type)
|
|
if not image:
|
|
raise RuntimeError(_('Unknown image_type=%s') % image_type)
|
|
return image
|
|
|
|
def image(self, instance, disk_name, image_type=None):
|
|
"""Constructs image for selected backend
|
|
|
|
:instance: Instance name.
|
|
:name: Image name.
|
|
:image_type: Image type.
|
|
Optional, is CONF.libvirt.images_type by default.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
backend = self.backend(image_type)
|
|
return backend(instance=instance, disk_name=disk_name)
|
|
|
|
def snapshot(self, disk_path, image_type=None):
|
|
"""Returns snapshot for given image
|
|
|
|
:path: path to image
|
|
:image_type: type of image
|
|
"""
|
|
backend = self.backend(image_type)
|
|
return backend(path=disk_path)
|