[image-guide] Update fedora, centos and other pages

Update for latest Fedora and CentOS images.
Other updates throughout the guide.

Change-Id: I9cfdf6b75bd3e47a354b3d4095209f7f3c0aaf48
Closes-bug: 1443815
This commit is contained in:
Petr Kovar 2017-04-21 17:57:51 +02:00
parent 91b8c93ace
commit d19860c302
8 changed files with 341 additions and 289 deletions

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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Download a CentOS install ISO
#. Click the ``isos/`` folder link.
#. Click the ``x86_64/`` folder link for 64-bit images.
#. Click the netinstall ISO image that you want to download.
For example, ``CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1511.iso`` is a good
For example, ``CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1611.iso`` is a good
choice because it is a smaller image that downloads missing
packages from the Internet during installation.
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Start the installation process
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Start the installation process using either the :command:`virt-manager`
or the :command:`virt-install` command as described in the previous section.
or the :command:`virt-install` command as described previously.
If you use the :command:`virt-install` command, do not forget to connect your
VNC client to the virtual machine.
@ -48,15 +48,16 @@ something like this:
--disk /tmp/centos.qcow2,format=qcow2 \
--network network=default \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole \
--os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel7 \
--location=/data/isos/CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1511.iso
--os-type=linux --os-variant=centos7.0 \
--location=/data/isos/CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1611.iso
Step through the installation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
At the initial Installer boot menu, choose the
:guilabel:`Install CentOS 7` option.
Step through the installation prompts. Accept the defaults.
:guilabel:`Install CentOS 7` option. After the installation program starts,
choose your preferred language and click :guilabel:`Continue` to get to the
installation summary. Accept the defaults.
.. figure:: figures/centos-install.png
:width: 100%
@ -72,6 +73,15 @@ default.
.. figure:: figures/centos-tcpip.png
:width: 100%
Hostname
--------
The installer allows you to choose a host name.
The default (``localhost.localdomain``) is fine.
You install the ``cloud-init`` package later,
which sets the host name on boot when a new instance
is provisioned using this image.
Point the installer to a CentOS web server
------------------------------------------
@ -104,15 +114,6 @@ Storage devices
If prompted about which type of devices your installation uses,
choose :guilabel:`Virtio Block Device`.
Hostname
--------
The installer may ask you to choose a host name.
The default (``localhost.localdomain``) is fine.
You install the ``cloud-init`` package later,
which sets the host name on boot when a new instance
is provisioned using this image.
Partition the disks
-------------------
@ -135,19 +136,22 @@ Step through the installation, using the default options.
The simplest thing to do is to choose the ``Minimal Install``
install, which installs an SSH server.
Set the root password
---------------------
During the installation, remember to set the root password when prompted.
Detach the CD-ROM and reboot
----------------------------
When the installation has completed, the
:guilabel:`Congratulations, your CentOS installation is complete`
screen appears.
Wait until the installation is complete.
.. figure:: figures/centos-complete.png
:width: 100%
To eject a disk by using the :command:`virsh` command,
libvirt requires that you attach an empty disk at the same target
that the CDROM was previously attached, which should be ``hdc``.
that the CD-ROM was previously attached, which may be ``hda``.
You can confirm the appropriate target using the
:command:`virsh dumpxml vm-image` command.
@ -159,7 +163,7 @@ You can confirm the appropriate target using the
...
<disk type='block' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
<target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
@ -173,24 +177,18 @@ and reboot it by manually stopping and starting.
.. code-block:: console
# virsh attach-disk --type cdrom --mode readonly centos "" hdc
# virsh attach-disk --type cdrom --mode readonly centos "" hda
# virsh reboot centos
Log in to newly created image
-----------------------------
When you boot for the first time after installation,
you might be prompted about authentication tools.
Select :guilabel:`Exit`. Then, log in as root.
Install the ACPI service
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To enable the hypervisor to reboot or shutdown an instance,
you must install and run the ``acpid`` service on the guest system.
Run the following commands inside the CentOS guest to install the
ACPI service and configure it to start when the system boots:
Log in as root to the CentOS guest and run the following commands
to install the ACPI service and configure it to start when the
system boots:
.. code-block:: console
@ -216,40 +214,39 @@ Use cloud-init to fetch the public key
The ``cloud-init`` package automatically fetches the public key
from the metadata server and places the key in an account.
You can install ``cloud-init`` inside the CentOS guest by
adding the EPEL repo:
Install ``cloud-init`` inside the CentOS guest by
running:
.. code-block:: console
# yum install epel-release.noarch
# yum install cloud-init
The account varies by distribution. On Ubuntu-based virtual machines,
the account is called ``ubuntu``. On Fedora-based virtual machines,
the account is called ``ec2-user``.
The account varies by distribution. On CentOS-based virtual machines,
the account is called ``centos``.
You can change the name of the account used by ``cloud-init``
by editing the ``/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg`` file and adding a line
with a different user. For example, to configure ``cloud-init``
to put the key in an account named ``admin``, add this line
to the configuration file:
to put the key in an account named ``admin``, use the following
syntax in the configuration file:
.. code-block:: console
user: admin
users:
- name: admin
(...)
Install cloud-utils-growpart to allow partitions to resize
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In order for the root partition to properly resize one must
install cloud-utils-growpart which contains the proper tools
In order for the root partition to properly resize, install the
``cloud-utils-growpart`` package, which contains the proper tools
to allow the disk to resize using cloud-init.
.. code-block:: console
# yum install cloud-utils-growpart
Write a script to fetch the public key (if no cloud-init)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@ -319,16 +316,18 @@ Configure console
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For the :command:`nova console-log` command to work properly
on CentOS 7.``x``, you might need to do the following steps:
on CentOS 7, you might need to do the following steps:
#. Edit the ``/etc/default/grub`` file and configure the
``GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX`` option. Delete the ``rhgb quiet``
and add the ``console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8`` to the option:
and add ``console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8`` to the option.
For example:
.. code-block:: none
...
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=cl/root rd.lvm.lv=cl/swap console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8"
#. Run the following command to save the changes:
@ -349,20 +348,19 @@ on CentOS 7.``x``, you might need to do the following steps:
Shut down the instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From inside the instance, as root:
From inside the instance, run as root:
.. code-block:: console
# /sbin/shutdown -h now
# poweroff
Clean up (remove MAC address details)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The operating system records the MAC address of the virtual Ethernet
card in locations such as ``/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0``
and ``/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules`` during the instance
process. However, each time the image boots up, the virtual Ethernet
card will have a different MAC address, so this information must
during the instance process. However, each time the image boots up, the virtual
Ethernet card will have a different MAC address, so this information must
be deleted from the configuration file.
There is a utility called :command:`virt-sysprep`, that performs

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@ -43,19 +43,10 @@ Oz
that automates the process of creating a virtual machine image file.
Oz is a Python app that interacts with KVM to step through the process
of installing a virtual machine.
It uses a predefined set of kickstart (Red Hat-based systems) and
preseed files (Debian-based systems) for operating systems that it
supports, and it can also be used to create Microsoft Windows images.
On Fedora, install Oz with yum:
.. code-block:: console
# yum install oz
.. note::
As of this writing, there are no Oz packages for Ubuntu, so you will
need to either install from the source or build your own .deb file.
A full treatment of Oz is beyond the scope of this document,
but we will provide an example. You can find additional examples of
@ -63,7 +54,7 @@ Oz template files on GitHub at `rcbops/oz-image-build/tree/master/templates
<https://github.com/rcbops/oz-image-build/tree/master/templates>`_.
Here's how you would create a CentOS 6.4 image with Oz.
Create a template file (we'll call it ``centos64.tdl``) with
Create a template file called ``centos64.tdl`` with
the following contents. The only entry you will need to
change is the ``<rootpw>`` contents.

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@ -2,222 +2,282 @@
Example: Fedora image
=====================
Download a `Fedora <http://getfedora.org/>`_ ISO image.
This procedure lets you create a Fedora 20 image.
This example shows you how to install a Fedora image and focuses
mainly on Fedora 25. Because the Fedora installation process
might differ across versions, the installation steps might
differ if you use a different version of Fedora.
#. Start the installation using :command:`virt-install` as shown below:
Download a Fedora install ISO
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#. Visit the `Fedora download site <https://getfedora.org/>`_.
#. Navigate to the
`Download Fedora Server page <https://getfedora.org/en/server/download/>`_
for a Fedora Server ISO image.
#. Choose the ISO image you want to download.
For example, the ``Netinstall Image`` is a good choice because it is a
smaller image that downloads missing packages from the Internet during
installation.
Start the installation process
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Start the installation process using either the :command:`virt-manager`
or the :command:`virt-install` command as described previously.
If you use the :command:`virt-install` command, do not forget to connect your
VNC client to the virtual machine.
Assume that:
* The name of your virtual machine image is ``fedora``;
you need this name when you use :command:`virsh` commands
to manipulate the state of the image.
* You saved the netinstall ISO image to the ``/tmp`` directory.
If you use the :command:`virt-install` command, the commands should look
something like this:
.. code-block:: console
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /tmp/fedora.qcow2 10G
# virt-install --virt-type kvm --name fedora --ram 1024 \
--disk /tmp/fedora.qcow2,format=qcow2 \
--network network=default \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole \
--os-type=linux --os-variant=fedora23 \
--location=/tmp/Fedora-Server-netinst-x86_64-25-1.3.iso
Step through the installation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
After the installation program starts, choose your preferred language and click
:guilabel:`Continue` to get to the installation summary. Accept the defaults.
Review the Ethernet status
--------------------------
Ensure that the Ethernet setting is ``ON``. Additionally, make sure that
``IPv4 Settings' Method`` is ``Automatic (DHCP)``, which is the default.
Hostname
--------
The installer allows you to choose a host name.
The default (``localhost.localdomain``) is fine.
You install the ``cloud-init`` package later,
which sets the host name on boot when a new instance
is provisioned using this image.
Partition the disks
-------------------
There are different options for partitioning the disks.
The default installation uses LVM partitions, and creates
three partitions (``/boot``, ``/``, ``swap``), which works fine.
Alternatively, you might want to create a single ext4
partition that is mounted to ``/``, which also works fine.
If unsure, use the default partition scheme for the installer.
While no scheme is inherently better than another, having the
partition that you want to dynamically grow at the end of the
list will allow it to grow without crossing another
partition's boundary.
Select software to install
--------------------------
Step through the installation, using the default options.
The simplest thing to do is to choose the ``Minimal Install``
install, which installs an SSH server.
Set the root password
---------------------
During the installation, remember to set the root password when prompted.
Detach the CD-ROM and reboot
----------------------------
Wait until the installation is complete.
To eject a disk by using the :command:`virsh` command,
libvirt requires that you attach an empty disk at the same target
that the CD-ROM was previously attached, which may be ``hda``.
You can confirm the appropriate target using the
:command:`virsh dumpxml vm-image` command.
.. code-block:: console
# virsh dumpxml fedora
<domain type='kvm' id='30'>
<name>fedora</name>
...
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<source file='/tmp/Fedora-Server-netinst-x86_64-25-1.3.iso'/>
<backingStore/>
<target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
<alias name='ide0-0-0'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
...
</domain>
Run the following commands from the host to eject the disk
and reboot using ``virsh``, as root. If you are using ``virt-manager``,
the commands below will work, but you can also use the GUI to detach
and reboot it by manually stopping and starting.
.. code-block:: console
# virsh attach-disk --type cdrom --mode readonly fedora "" hda
# virsh reboot fedora
Install the ACPI service
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To enable the hypervisor to reboot or shutdown an instance,
you must install and run the ``acpid`` service on the guest system.
Log in as root to the Fedora guest and run the following commands
to install the ACPI service and configure it to start when the
system boots:
.. code-block:: console
# dnf install acpid
# systemctl enable acpid
Configure cloud-init to fetch metadata
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
An instance must interact with the metadata service to perform
several tasks on start up. For example, the instance must get
the ssh public key and run the user data script. To ensure that
the instance performs these tasks, use the ``cloud-init``
package.
The ``cloud-init`` package automatically fetches the public key
from the metadata server and places the key in an account.
Install ``cloud-init`` inside the Fedora guest by
running:
.. code-block:: console
# yum install cloud-init
The account varies by distribution. On Fedora-based virtual machines,
the account is called ``fedora``.
You can change the name of the account used by ``cloud-init``
by editing the ``/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg`` file and adding a line
with a different user. For example, to configure ``cloud-init``
to put the key in an account named ``admin``, use the following
syntax in the configuration file:
.. code-block:: console
users:
- name: admin
(...)
Install cloud-utils-growpart to allow partitions to resize
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In order for the root partition to properly resize, install the
``cloud-utils-growpart`` package, which contains the proper tools
to allow the disk to resize using cloud-init.
.. code-block:: console
# dnf install cloud-utils-growpart
Disable the zeroconf route
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For the instance to access the metadata service,
you must disable the default zeroconf route:
.. code-block:: console
# echo "NOZEROCONF=yes" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
Configure console
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For the :command:`nova console-log` command to work properly
on Fedora, you might need to do the following steps:
#. Edit the ``/etc/default/grub`` file and configure the
``GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX`` option. Delete the ``rhgb quiet``
and add ``console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8`` to the option.
For example:
.. code-block:: none
...
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.lvm.lv=fedora/root rd.lvm.lv=fedora/swap console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8"
#. Run the following command to save the changes:
.. code-block:: console
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 fedora-20.qcow2 8G
# virt-install --connect=qemu:///system --network=bridge:virbr0 \
--extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200 serial rd_NO_PLYMOUTH" \
--name=fedora-20 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/fedora-20.qcow2,format=qcow2,size=10,cache=none \
--ram 2048 --vcpus=2 --check-cpu --accelerate --os-type linux --os-variant fedora19 \
--hvm --location=http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/20/Fedora/x86_64/os/ \
--nographics
# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.10.10-200.fc25.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-4.10.10-200.fc25.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-c613978614c7426ea3e550527f63710c
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-c613978614c7426ea3e550527f63710c.img
done
This will launch a VM and start the installation process.
Shut down the instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. code-block:: console
From inside the instance, run as root:
Starting install...
Retrieving file .treeinfo... | 2.2 kB 00:00:00 !!!
Retrieving file vmlinuz... | 9.8 MB 00:00:05 !!!
Retrieving file initrd.img... | 66 MB 00:00:37 !!!
Allocating 'fedora-20.qcow2' | 10 GB 00:00:00
Creating domain... | 0 B 00:00:00
Connected to domain fedora-20
Escape character is ^]
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
...
...
...
[ OK ] Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).
Starting installer, one moment...
anaconda 20.25.15-1 for Fedora 20 started.
========================================================================
========================================================================
.. code-block:: console
#. Choose the VNC or text mode to set the installation options.
# poweroff
.. code-block:: console
Clean up (remove MAC address details)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Text mode provides a limited set of installation options.
It does not offer custom partitioning for full control over the
disk layout. Would you like to use VNC mode instead?
The operating system records the MAC address of the virtual Ethernet
card in locations such as ``/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0``
during the instance process. However, each time the image boots up, the virtual
Ethernet card will have a different MAC address, so this information must
be deleted from the configuration file.
1) Start VNC
There is a utility called :command:`virt-sysprep`, that performs
various cleanup tasks such as removing the MAC address references.
It will clean up a virtual machine image in place:
2) Use text mode
.. code-block:: console
Please make your choice from above ['q' to quit | 'c' to continue |
'r' to refresh]:
# virt-sysprep -d fedora
#. Set the timezone, network configuration, installation source,
and the root password. Optionally, you can choose to create a user.
Undefine the libvirt domain
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#. Set up the installation destination as shown below:
Now that you can upload the image to the Image service, you no
longer need to have this virtual machine image managed by libvirt.
Use the :command:`virsh undefine vm-image` command to inform libvirt:
.. code-block:: console
.. code-block:: console
========================================================================
Probing storage...
Installation Destination
# virsh undefine fedora
[x] 1) Virtio Block Device: 10.24 GB (vda)
1 disk selected; 10.24 GB capacity; 10.24 GB free ...
Please make your choice from above ['q' to quit | 'c' to continue |
'r' to refresh]: c
========================================================================
========================================================================
Autopartitioning Options
[ ] 1) Replace Existing Linux system(s)
[x] 2) Use All Space
[ ] 3) Use Free Space
Installation requires partitioning of your hard drive. Select what space
to use for the install target.
Please make your choice from above ['q' to quit | 'c' to continue |
'r' to refresh]: 2
========================================================================
========================================================================
Autopartitioning Options
[ ] 1) Replace Existing Linux system(s)
[x] 2) Use All Space
[ ] 3) Use Free Space
Installation requires partitioning of your hard drive. Select what space
to use for the install target.
Please make your choice from above ['q' to quit | 'c' to continue |
'r' to refresh]: c
========================================================================
========================================================================
Partition Scheme Options
[ ] 1) Standard Partition
[x] 2) LVM
[ ] 3) BTRFS
Select a partition scheme configuration.
Please make your choice from above ['q' to quit | 'c' to continue |
'r' to refresh]: c
Generating updated storage configuration
Checking storage configuration...
========================================================================
#. Run the following commands from the host to eject the disk and
reboot using the :command:`virsh` command, as root.
.. code-block:: console
# virsh attach-disk --type cdrom --mode readonly fedora-20 "" hdc
# virsh destroy fedora-20
# virsh start fedora-20
You can also use the GUI to detach and reboot it by manually
stopping and starting.
#. Log in as root user when you boot for the first time after installation.
#. Install and run the ``acpid`` service on the guest system to enable
the virtual machine to reboot or shutdown an instance.
Run the following commands inside the Fedora guest to install the
ACPI service and configure it to start when the system boots:
.. code-block:: console
# yum install acpid
# chkconfig acpid on
#. Install the ``cloud-init`` package inside the Fedora guest by adding
the EPEL repo:
The ``cloud-init`` package automatically fetches the public key
from the metadata server and places the key in an account.
.. code-block:: console
# yum install http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# yum install cloud-init
You can change the name of the account used by ``cloud-init``
by editing the ``/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg`` file and adding a line with
a different user. For example, to configure ``cloud-init`` to put the
key in an account named admin, add this line to the configuration file:
.. code-block:: console
user: admin
#. Disable the default ``zeroconf`` route for the instance to access
the metadata service:
.. code-block:: console
# echo "NOZEROCONF=yes" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
#. For the :command:`nova console-log` command to work properly on
Fedora 20, you might need to add the following lines to
the ``/boot/grub/menu.lst`` file:
.. code-block:: console
serial --unit=0 --speed=115200
terminal --timeout=10 console serial
# Edit the kernel line to add the console entries
kernel ... console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8
#. Shut down the instance from inside the instance as a root user:
.. code-block:: console
# /sbin/shutdown -h now
#. Clean up and remove MAC address details.
The operating system records the MAC address of the virtual Ethernet
card in locations such as ``/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0``
and ``/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules`` during the instance
process. However, each time the image boots up, the virtual Ethernet
card will have a different MAC address, so this information must be
deleted from the configuration file.
Use the :command:`virt-sysprep` utility. This performs various cleanup
tasks such as removing the MAC address references.
It will clean up a virtual machine image in place:
.. code-block:: console
# virt-sysprep -d fedora-20
#. Undefine the domain since you no longer need to have this
virtual machine image managed by libvirt:
.. code-block:: console
# virsh undefine fedora-20
Image is complete
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The underlying image file that you created with the
:command:`qemu-img create` command is ready to be uploaded to the
Image service by using the :command:`openstack image create`
:command:`qemu-img create` command is ready to be uploaded.
For example, you can upload the ``/tmp/fedora.qcow2``
image to the Image service by using the :command:`openstack image create`
command. For more information, see the
`Create or update an image
<https://docs.openstack.org/user-guide/common/cli-manage-images.html#create-or-update-an-image-glance>`__.

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@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Fedora
~~~~~~
The Fedora project maintains a list of official cloud images at
`Fedora download page <https://getfedora.org/cloud/download/>`_.
`Fedora download page <https://alt.fedoraproject.org/cloud/>`_.
.. note::
@ -116,14 +116,13 @@ be built with a web-based tool called `SUSE Studio <https://susestudio.com>`_.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Red Hat maintains official Red Hat Enterprise Linux cloud images.
A valid Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscription is required to
download these images.
Red Hat maintains official Red Hat Enterprise Linux cloud images. A valid Red
Hat Enterprise Linux subscription is required to download these images.
* `Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 KVM Guest Image
<https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/69/ver=/rhel---7/x86_64/product-downloads>`_
* `Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 KVM Guest Image
<https://rhn.redhat.com/rhn/software/channel/downloads/Download.do?cid=16952>`_
<https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/69/ver=/rhel---6/x86_64/product-downloads>`_
.. note::

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@ -197,14 +197,17 @@ The account varies by distribution.
On Ubuntu-based virtual machines, the account is called ``ubuntu``.
On Fedora-based virtual machines, the account is called ``ec2-user``.
You can change the name of the account used by cloud-init by editing the
``/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg`` file and adding a line with a different user.
For example, to configure cloud-init to put the key in an account named
``admin``, edit the config file so it has the line:
You can change the name of the account used by ``cloud-init``
by editing the ``/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg`` file and adding a line
with a different user. For example, to configure ``cloud-init``
to put the key in an account named ``admin``, use the following
syntax in the configuration file:
.. code-block:: console
user: admin
users:
- name: admin
(...)
Shut down the instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
Use virt-install and connect by using a local VNC client
========================================================
If you do not wish to use virt-manager (for example, you do not
want to install the dependencies on your server, you don't have
an X server running locally, the X11 forwarding over SSH isn't
working), you can use the :command:`virt-install` tool to boot
If you do not wish to use :command:`virt-manager` (for example,
you do not want to install the dependencies on your server, you do
not have an X server running locally, the X11 forwarding over SSH
is not working), you can use the :command:`virt-install` tool to boot
the virtual machine through libvirt and connect to the graphical
console from a VNC client installed on your local machine.
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ index.php?title=Welcome_to_TigerVNC>`_ (multiple platforms),
`RealVNC <http://realvnc.com/>`_ (multiple platforms),
`Chicken <http://sourceforge.net/projects/chicken/>`_ (Mac OS X),
`Krde <http://userbase.kde.org/Krdc>`_ (KDE),
`Vinagre <http://projects.gnome.org/vinagre/>`_ (GNOME).
`Vinagre <https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Vinagre>`_ (GNOME).
The following example shows how to use the :command:`qemu-img`
command to create an empty image file, and :command:`virt-install`
@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ command to start up a virtual machine using that image file. As root:
.. code-block:: console
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /data/centos-6.4.qcow2 10G
# virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos-6.4 --ram 1024 \
--cdrom=/data/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-netinstall.iso \
--disk path=/data/centos-6.4.qcow2,size=10,format=qcow2 \
--network network=default \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole \
--os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel6
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /tmp/centos.qcow2 10G
# virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos --ram 1024 \
--disk /tmp/centos.qcow2,format=qcow2 \
--network network=default \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole \
--os-type=linux --os-variant=centos7.0 \
--location=/data/isos/CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1611.iso
Starting install...
Creating domain... | 0 B 00:00
@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ command to start up a virtual machine using that image file. As root:
the console to complete the installation process.
The KVM hypervisor starts the virtual machine with the
libvirt name, ``centos-6.4``, with 1024 MB of RAM.
libvirt name, ``centos``, with 1024 MB of RAM.
The virtual machine also has a virtual CD-ROM drive associated
with the ``/data/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-netinstall.iso`` file and
with the ``/data/isos/CentOS-7-x86_64-NetInstall-1611.iso`` file and
a local 10 GB hard disk in qcow2 format that is stored
in the host at ``/data/centos-6.4.qcow2``.
in the host at ``/tmp/centos.qcow2``.
It configures networking to use libvirt default network.
There is a VNC server that is listening on all interfaces,
and libvirt will not attempt to launch a VNC client automatically
nor try to display the text console (``--no-autoconsole``).
Finally, libvirt will attempt to optimize the configuration
for a Linux guest running a RHEL 6.x distribution.
for a Linux guest running a CentOS 7 distribution.
.. note::
@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ for a Linux guest running a RHEL 6.x distribution.
192.168.122.0/24 subnet, and libvirt has iptables rules
for doing NAT for IP addresses on this subnet.
Run the :command:`virt-install --os-variant list` command
Run the :command:`osinfo-query os` command
to see a range of allowed ``--os-variant`` options.
Use the :command:`virsh vncdisplay vm-name` command
@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ to get the VNC port number.
.. code-block:: console
# virsh vncdisplay centos-6.4
# virsh vncdisplay centos
:1
In the example above, the guest ``centos-6.4`` uses VNC
In the example above, the guest ``centos`` uses VNC
display ``:1``, which corresponds to TCP port ``5901``.
You should be able to connect a VNC client running on
your local machine to display ``:1`` on the remote

View File

@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ permissions to run libvirt, but has sudo privileges, do:
The ``-X`` flag passed to ssh will enable X11 forwarding over ssh.
If this does not work, try replacing it with the ``-Y`` flag.
Click the :guilabel:`New` button at the top-left and step through the
Click the :guilabel:`Create a new virtual machine` button at the top-left,
or go to :menuselection:`File --> New Virtual Machine`. Then, follow the
instructions.
.. figure:: figures/virt-manager.png
@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ to specify information about the virtual machine.
.. note::
When using qcow2 format images you should check the option
``customize before install``, go to disk properties and
When using qcow2 format images, you should check the option
``Customize configuration before install``, go to disk properties and
explicitly select the :guilabel:`qcow2` format.
This ensures the virtual machine disk size will be correct.