As a cloud administrator, you manage projects, users, and roles. Projects are organizational units in the cloud to which you can assign users. Projects are also known as tenants or accounts. Users can be members of one or more projects. Roles define which actions users can perform. You assign roles to user-project pairs. You can define actions for OpenStack service roles in the /etc/PROJECT/policy.json files. For example, define actions for Compute service roles in the /etc/nova/policy.json file. You can manage projects, users, and roles independently from each other. During cloud set up, the operator defines at least one project, user, and role. Learn how to add, update, and delete projects and users, assign users to one or more projects, and change or remove the assignment. To enable or temporarily disable a project or user, you update that project or user. You can also change quotas at the project level. Before you can delete a user account, you must remove the user account from its primary project. Before you can run keystone client commands, you must download and source an OpenStack RC file. See Download and source the OpenStack RC file.

To look at your service catalog, use these keystone client commands.

Keyword arguments: Name Type Description Example: $ keystone service-create \ --name=nova \ --type=compute \ --description="Nova Compute Service"

Arguments service_id Example: $ keystone service-list

Arguments service_id Example: $ keystone service-get 08741d8ed88242ca88d1f61484a0fe3b

Arguments service_id Example: $ keystone service-delete 08741d8ed88242ca88d1f61484a0fe3b

A tenant is a group of zero or more users. In nova, a tenant owns virtual machines. In swift, a tenant owns containers. In the Dashboard, tenants are represented as projects. Users can be associated with more than one tenant. Each tenant and user pairing can have a role associated with it. To list all projects with their ID, name, and whether they are enabled or disabled: $ keystone tenant-list +----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+ | id | name | enabled | +----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+ | f7ac731cc11f40efbc03a9f9e1d1d21f | admin | True | | c150ab41f0d9443f8874e32e725a4cc8 | alt_demo | True | | a9debfe41a6d4d09a677da737b907d5e | demo | True | | 9208739195a34c628c58c95d157917d7 | invisible_to_admin | True | | 3943a53dc92a49b2827fae94363851e1 | service | True | | 80cab5e1f02045abad92a2864cfd76cb | test_project | True | +----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+ Create a project named new-project: $ keystone tenant-create --name new-project --description 'my new project' By default, the project is enabled. +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Property | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | my new project | | enabled | True | | id | 1a4a0618b306462c9830f876b0bd6af2 | | name | new-project | +-------------+----------------------------------+ Note the ID for the project so you can update it in the next procedure.

Specify the project ID to update a project. You can update the name, description, and enabled status of a project. To temporarily disable a project: $ keystone tenant-update PROJECT_ID --enabled false To enable a disabled project: $ keystone tenant-update PROJECT_ID --enabled true To update the name of a project: $ keystone tenant-update PROJECT_ID --name project-new To verify your changes, show information for the updated project: $ keystone tenant-get PROJECT_ID +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Property | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | my new project | | enabled | True | | id | 1a4a0618b306462c9830f876b0bd6af2 | | name | project-new | +-------------+----------------------------------+

To delete a project: $ keystone tenant-delete PROJECT_ID

To list all users: $ keystone user-list The output shows the ID, name, enabled status, and e-mail address for each user: +----------------------------------+----------+---------+----------------------+ | id | name | enabled | email | +----------------------------------+----------+---------+----------------------+ | 352b37f5c89144d4ad0534139266d51f | admin | True | admin@example.com | | 86c0de739bcb4802b8dc786921355813 | demo | True | demo@example.com | | 32ec34aae8ea432e8af560a1cec0e881 | glance | True | glance@example.com | | 7047fcb7908e420cb36e13bbd72c972c | nova | True | nova@example.com | +----------------------------------+----------+---------+----------------------+ To create a user, you must specify a name. Optionally, you can specify a tenant ID, password, and email address. It is recommended that you include the tenant ID and password because the user cannot log in to the dashboard without this information. To create the new-user user: $ keystone user-create --name new-user --tenant_id 1a4a0618b306462c9830f876b0bd6af2 --pass PASSWORD +----------+----------------------------------+ | Property | Value | +----------+----------------------------------+ | email | | | enabled | True | | id | 6e5140962b424cb9814fb172889d3be2 | | name | new-user | | tenantId | 1a4a0618b306462c9830f876b0bd6af2 | +----------+----------------------------------+

You can update the name, email address, and enabled status for a user. To temporarily disable a user account: $ keystone user-update USER_ID --enabled false If you disable a user account, the user cannot log in to the dashboard. However, data for the user account is maintained, so you can enable the user at any time. To enable a disabled user account: $ keystone user-update USER_ID --enabled true To change the name and description for a user account: $ keystone user-update USER_ID --name user-new --email new-user@example.com User has been updated.

To delete a specified user account: $ keystone user-delete USER_ID

Users can be members of multiple projects. To assign users to multiple projects, define a role and assign that role to a user-project pair. To list the available roles: $ keystone role-list +----------------------------------+---------------+ | id | name | +----------------------------------+---------------+ | 71ccc37d41c8491c975ae72676db687f | Member | | 149f50a1fe684bfa88dae76a48d26ef7 | ResellerAdmin | | 9fe2ff9ee4384b1894a90878d3e92bab | _member_ | | 6ecf391421604da985db2f141e46a7c8 | admin | | deb4fffd123c4d02a907c2c74559dccf | anotherrole | +----------------------------------+---------------+ To create the new-role role: $ keystone role-create --name new-role +----------+----------------------------------+ | Property | Value | +----------+----------------------------------+ | id | bef1f95537914b1295da6aa038ef4de6 | | name | new-role | +----------+----------------------------------+ To assign a user to a project, you must assign the role to a user-project pair. To do this, you need the user, role, and project IDs. To list users: $ keystone user-list +----------------------------------+----------+---------+----------------------+ | id | name | enabled | email | +----------------------------------+----------+---------+----------------------+ | 352b37f5c89144d4ad0534139266d51f | admin | True | admin@example.com | | 981422ec906d4842b2fc2a8658a5b534 | alt_demo | True | alt_demo@example.com | | 036e22a764ae497992f5fb8e9fd79896 | cinder | True | cinder@example.com | | 86c0de739bcb4802b8dc786921355813 | demo | True | demo@example.com | | 32ec34aae8ea432e8af560a1cec0e881 | glance | True | glance@example.com | | 7047fcb7908e420cb36e13bbd72c972c | nova | True | nova@example.com | +----------------------------------+----------+---------+----------------------+ Note the ID of the user to which you want to assign the role. To list role IDs: $ keystone role-list +----------------------------------+---------------+ | id | name | +----------------------------------+---------------+ | 71ccc37d41c8491c975ae72676db687f | Member | | 149f50a1fe684bfa88dae76a48d26ef7 | ResellerAdmin | | 9fe2ff9ee4384b1894a90878d3e92bab | _member_ | | 6ecf391421604da985db2f141e46a7c8 | admin | | deb4fffd123c4d02a907c2c74559dccf | anotherrole | | bef1f95537914b1295da6aa038ef4de6 | new-role | +----------------------------------+---------------+ Note the ID of the role that you want to assign. To list projects: $ keystone tenant-list +----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+ | id | name | enabled | +----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+ | f7ac731cc11f40efbc03a9f9e1d1d21f | admin | True | | c150ab41f0d9443f8874e32e725a4cc8 | alt_demo | True | | a9debfe41a6d4d09a677da737b907d5e | demo | True | | 9208739195a34c628c58c95d157917d7 | invisible_to_admin | True | | caa9b4ce7d5c4225aa25d6ff8b35c31f | new-user | True | | 1a4a0618b306462c9830f876b0bd6af2 | project-new | True | | 3943a53dc92a49b2827fae94363851e1 | service | True | | 80cab5e1f02045abad92a2864cfd76cb | test_project | True | +----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+ Note the ID of the project to which you want to assign the role. Assign a role to a user-project pair. In this example, you assign the new-role role to the demo and test-project pair: $ keystone user-role-add --user USER_ID --role ROLE_ID --tenant TENANT_ID To verify the role assignment: $ keystone user-role-list --user USER_ID --tenant TENANT_ID +----------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+ | id | name | user_id | tenant_id | +----------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+ | bef1f95537914b1295da6aa038ef4de6 | new-role | 86c0de739bcb4802b8dc786921355813 | 80cab5e1f02045abad92a2864cfd76cb | +----------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+ To get details for a specified role: $ keystone role-get ROLE_ID +----------+----------------------------------+ | Property | Value | +----------+----------------------------------+ | id | bef1f95537914b1295da6aa038ef4de6 | | name | new-role | +----------+----------------------------------+ To remove a role from a user-project pair: $ keystone user-role-remove --user USER_ID --role ROLE_ID --tenant TENANT_ID To verify the role removal, run the following command: $ keystone user-role-list --user USER_ID --tenant TENANT_ID If the role was removed, the command output omits the removed role.