The previous section used a combination of environment variables and command options to interact with the Identity service via the keystone client. To increase efficiency of client operations, OpenStack supports simple client environment scripts also known as OpenRC files. These scripts typically contain common options for all clients, but also support unique options. For more information, see the OpenStack User Guide. Create client environment scripts for the admin and demo tenants and users. Future portions of this guide reference these scripts to load appropriate credentials for client operations. Edit the admin-openrc.sh file and add the following content: export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:35357/v2.0 Replace ADMIN_PASS with the password you chose for the admin user in the Identity service. Edit the demo-openrc.sh file and add the following content: export OS_TENANT_NAME=demo export OS_USERNAME=demo export OS_PASSWORD=DEMO_PASS export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v2.0 Replace DEMO_PASS with the password you chose for the demo user in the Identity service. To run clients as a certain tenant and user, you can simply load the associated client environment script prior to running them. For example, to load the location of the Identity service and admin tenant and user credentials: $ source admin-openrc.sh