User requirementsThe general purpose cloud is built following the
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
model; as a platform best
suited for use cases with simple requirements. The general
purpose cloud user requirements themselves are typically not
complex. However, it is still important to capture them even
if the project has minimum business and technical requirements
such as a proof of concept (PoC) or a small lab
platform.These user considerations are written from the perspective
of the organization that is building the cloud, not from the
perspective of the end-users who will consume cloud services
provided by this design.
CostFinancial factors are a primary concern for
any organization. Since general purpose clouds are
considered the baseline from which all other cloud
architecture environments derive, cost will commonly
be an important criteria. This type of cloud, however,
does not always provide the most cost-effective
environment for a specialized application or
situation. Unless razor-thin margins and costs have
been mandated as a critical factor, cost should not be
the sole consideration when choosing or designing a
general purpose architecture.Time to marketAnother common business factor in
building a general purpose cloud is the ability to
deliver a service or product more quickly and
flexibly. In the modern hyper-fast business world,
being able to deliver a product in six months instead
of two years is often a major driving force behind the
decision to build a general purpose cloud. General
purpose clouds allow users to self-provision and gain
access to compute, network, and storage resources
on-demand thus decreasing time to market. It may
potentially make more sense to build a general purpose
PoC as opposed to waiting to finalize the ultimate use
case for the system. The tradeoff with taking this
approach is the risk that the general purpose cloud is
not optimized for the actual final workloads. The
final decision on which approach to take will be
dependent on the specifics of the business objectives
and time frame for the project.Revenue opportunityThe revenue opportunity for a
given cloud will vary greatly based on the intended
use case of that particular cloud. Some general
purpose clouds are built for commercial customer
facing products, but there are plenty of other reasons
that might make the general purpose cloud the right
choice. A small cloud service provider (CSP) might
want to build a general purpose cloud rather than a
massively scalable cloud because they do not have the
deep financial resources needed, or because they do
not or will not know in advance the purposes for which
their customers are going to use the cloud. For some
users, the advantages cloud itself offers mean an
enhancement of revenue opportunity. For others, the
fact that a general purpose cloud provides only
baseline functionality will be a disincentive for use,
leading to a potential stagnation of potential revenue
opportunities.Legal requirementsMany jurisdictions have legislative and regulatory
requirements governing the storage and management of data in
cloud environments. Common areas of regulation include:Data retention policies ensuring storage of
persistent data and records management to meet data
archival requirements.Data ownership policies governing the possession and
responsibility for data.Data sovereignty policies governing the storage of
data in foreign countries or otherwise separate
jurisdictions.Data compliance policies governing certain types of
information need to reside in certain locations due to
regular issues - and more important cannot reside in
other locations for the same reason.
Examples of such legal frameworks include the data
protection framework of the European Union and the
requirements of the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority in the United
States. Consult a local regulatory body for more information.
Technical requirementsTechnical cloud architecture requirements should be weighted
against the business requirements.
PerformanceAs a baseline product, general purpose
clouds do not provide optimized performance for any
particular function. While a general purpose cloud
should provide enough performance to satisfy average
user considerations, performance is not a general
purpose cloud customer driver.No predefined usage modelThe lack of a pre-defined
usage model enables the user to run a wide variety of
applications without having to know the application
requirements in advance. This provides a degree of
independence and flexibility that no other cloud
scenarios are able to provide.On-demand and self-service applicationBy
definition, a cloud provides end users with the
ability to self-provision computing power, storage,
networks, and software in a simple and flexible way.
The user must be able to scale their resources up to a
substantial level without disrupting the underlying
host operations. One of the benefits of using a
general purpose cloud architecture is the ability to
start with limited resources and increase them over
time as the user demand grows.Public cloudFor a company interested in building a
commercial public cloud offering based on OpenStack,
the general purpose architecture model might be the
best choice because the designers are not going to
know the purposes or workloads for which the end users
will use the cloud.Internal consumption (private) cloudOrganizations
need to determine if it makes the most sense to create
their own clouds internally. The main advantage of a
private cloud is that it allows the organization to
maintain complete control over all the architecture
and the cloud components. One caution is to think
about the possibility that users will want to combine
using the internal cloud with access to an external
cloud. If that case is likely, it might be worth
exploring the possibility of taking a multi-cloud
approach with regard to at least some of the
architectural elements. Designs that incorporate the
use of multiple clouds, such as a private cloud and a
public cloud offering, are described in the
"Multi-Cloud" scenario, see .
SecuritySecurity should be implemented according
to asset, threat, and vulnerability risk assessment
matrices. For cloud domains that require increased
computer security, network security, or information
security, general purpose cloud is not considered an
appropriate choice.