openstack-manuals/doc/user-guide-admin/section_cli_nova_manage_projects_security.xml
Diane Fleming ccb80d725d Renamed cli files for consistency
Updated a typo (keystone-mange -> keystone-manage)
Updated a few capitalization errors in titles

Change-Id: I38ec2a6c53b9e3a1e1bf330b54c26f293a764d94
author: diane fleming
2014-01-06 15:06:29 -06:00

203 lines
11 KiB
XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0"
xml:id="nova_cli_manage_projects_security">
<?dbhtml stop-chunking?>
<title>Manage project security</title>
<para>Security groups are sets of IP filter rules that are applied
to all project instances, and which define networking access
to the instance. Group rules are project specific; project
members can edit the default rules for their group and add new
rule sets.</para>
<para>All projects have a "default" security group which is
applied to any instance that has no other defined security
group. Unless you change the default, this security group
denies all incoming traffic and allows only outgoing traffic
to your instance.</para>
<note>
<para>For information about updating rules using the
dashboard, see <xref
linkend="dashboard_manage_projects_security"/>.</para>
</note>
<para>You can use the <code>allow_same_net_traffic</code> option
in the <filename>/etc/nova/nova.conf</filename> file to
globally control whether the rules applies to hosts which
share a network.</para>
<para>If set to:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><code>True</code> (default), hosts on the same
subnet are not filtered and are allowed to pass all
types of traffic between them. On a flat network, this
allows all instances from all projects unfiltered
communication. With VLAN networking, this allows
access between instances within the same project. You
can also simulate this setting by configuring the
default security group to allow all traffic from the
subnet.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><code>False</code>, security groups are enforced for
all connections.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Additionally, the number of maximum rules per security group
is controlled by the <code>security_group_rules</code> and the
number of allowed security groups per project is controlled by
the <code>security_groups</code> quota (see <xref
linkend="cli_set_quotas"/>).</para>
<procedure>
<title>List and view current security groups</title>
<para>From the command line you can get a list of security
groups for the project you're acting in using the nova
command:</para>
<step>
<para>Ensure your system variables are set for the user
and tenant for which you are checking security group
rules. For example:</para>
<programlisting language="bash">export OS_USERNAME=demo00
export OS_TENANT_NAME=tenant01</programlisting>
</step>
<step>
<para>Output security groups, as follows:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-list</userinput>
<computeroutput>+---------+-------------+
| Name | Description |
+---------+-------------+
| default | default |
| open | all ports |
+---------+-------------+</computeroutput></screen>
</step>
<step>
<para>View the details of a group, as follows:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-list-rules <replaceable>groupName</replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>For example:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-list-rules open</userinput>
<computeroutput>+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| icmp | -1 | 255 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| tcp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| udp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+ </computeroutput></screen>
<para>These rules are allow type rules as the default is
deny. The first column is the IP protocol (one of
icmp, tcp, or udp) the second and third columns
specify the affected port range. The third column
specifies the IP range in CIDR format. This example
shows the full port range for all protocols allowed
from all IPs.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
<procedure>
<title>Create a security group</title>
<para>When adding a new security group, you should pick a
descriptive but brief name. This name shows up in brief
descriptions of the instances that use it where the longer
description field often does not. For example, seeing that
an instance is using security group "http" is much easier
to understand than "bobs_group" or "secgrp1".</para>
<step>
<para>Ensure your system variables are set for the user
and tenant for which you are checking security group
rules.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Add the new security group, as follows:</para>
<para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-create <replaceable>GroupName Description</replaceable></userinput></screen>
</para>
<para>For example:</para>
<para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-create global_http "Allows Web traffic anywhere on the Internet."</userinput>
<computeroutput>+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+
| 1578a08c-5139-4f3e-9012-86bd9dd9f23b | global_http | Allows Web traffic anywhere on the Internet. |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Add a new group rule, as follows:</para>
<para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-add-rule <replaceable>secGroupName ip-protocol from-port to-port CIDR</replaceable></userinput></screen>
</para>
<para>The arguments are positional, and the "from-port"
and "to-port" arguments specify the local port range
connections are allowed to access, not the source and
destination ports of the connection. For
example:</para>
<para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-add-rule global_http tcp 80 80 0.0.0.0/0</userinput>
<computeroutput>+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| tcp | 80 | 80 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+</computeroutput></screen>
</para>
<para>You can create complex rule sets by creating
additional rules. For example, if you want to pass
both http and https traffic, run:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-add-rule global_http tcp 443 443 0.0.0.0/0</userinput>
<computeroutput>+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| tcp | 443 | 443 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+</computeroutput></screen>
<para>Despite only outputting the newly added rule, this
operation is additive (both rules are created and
enforced).</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>View all rules for the new security group, as
follows:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-list-rules global_http</userinput>
<computeroutput>+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| tcp | 80 | 80 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| tcp | 443 | 443 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+</computeroutput></screen>
</step>
</procedure>
<procedure>
<title>Delete a security group</title>
<step>
<para>Ensure your system variables are set for the user
and tenant for which you are deleting a security
group.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Delete the new security group, as follows:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-delete <replaceable>GroupName</replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>For example:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-create global_http</userinput></screen>
</step>
</procedure>
<procedure>
<title>Create security group rules for a cluster of
instances</title>
<para>SourceGroups are a special, dynamic way of defining the
CIDR of allowed sources. The user specifies a SourceGroup
(Security Group name), and all the users' other Instances
using the specified SourceGroup are selected dynamically.
This alleviates the need for individual rules to allow
each new member of the cluster.</para>
<step>
<para>Make sure to set the system variables for the user
and tenant for which you are deleting a security
group.</para>
</step>
<step>
<para>Add a source group, as follows:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-add-group-rule <replaceable>secGroupName source-group ip-protocol from-port to-port</replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>For example:</para>
<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova secgroup-add-group-rule cluster global-http tcp 22 22</userinput></screen>
<para>The <code>cluster</code> rule allows ssh access from
any other instance that uses the
<code>global-http</code> group.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
</section>