oslo.messaging/oslo_messaging/rpc/client.py
Kenneth Giusti 41dd8e3af3 Update the RPC cast() documentation.
Be explicit about the lack of ordering guarantees across sucessive
casts to the same destination.

Change-Id: I79927d27666331fc57e262562ead51168944ec1c
2016-04-22 10:57:21 -04:00

421 lines
16 KiB
Python

# Copyright 2010 United States Government as represented by the
# Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
# All Rights Reserved.
# Copyright 2013 Red Hat, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
__all__ = [
'ClientSendError',
'RPCClient',
'RPCVersionCapError',
'RemoteError',
]
from oslo_config import cfg
import six
from oslo_messaging._drivers import base as driver_base
from oslo_messaging import _utils as utils
from oslo_messaging import exceptions
from oslo_messaging import serializer as msg_serializer
_client_opts = [
cfg.IntOpt('rpc_response_timeout',
default=60,
help='Seconds to wait for a response from a call.'),
]
class RemoteError(exceptions.MessagingException):
"""Signifies that a remote endpoint method has raised an exception.
Contains a string representation of the type of the original exception,
the value of the original exception, and the traceback. These are
sent to the parent as a joined string so printing the exception
contains all of the relevant info.
"""
def __init__(self, exc_type=None, value=None, traceback=None):
self.exc_type = exc_type
self.value = value
self.traceback = traceback
msg = ("Remote error: %(exc_type)s %(value)s\n%(traceback)s." %
dict(exc_type=self.exc_type, value=self.value,
traceback=self.traceback))
super(RemoteError, self).__init__(msg)
class RPCVersionCapError(exceptions.MessagingException):
def __init__(self, version, version_cap):
self.version = version
self.version_cap = version_cap
msg = ("Requested message version, %(version)s is incompatible. It "
"needs to be equal in major version and less than or equal "
"in minor version as the specified version cap "
"%(version_cap)s." %
dict(version=self.version, version_cap=self.version_cap))
super(RPCVersionCapError, self).__init__(msg)
class ClientSendError(exceptions.MessagingException):
"""Raised if we failed to send a message to a target."""
def __init__(self, target, ex):
msg = 'Failed to send to target "%s": %s' % (target, ex)
super(ClientSendError, self).__init__(msg)
self.target = target
self.ex = ex
class _CallContext(object):
_marker = object()
def __init__(self, transport, target, serializer,
timeout=None, version_cap=None, retry=None):
self.conf = transport.conf
self.transport = transport
self.target = target
self.serializer = serializer
self.timeout = timeout
self.retry = retry
self.version_cap = version_cap
super(_CallContext, self).__init__()
def _make_message(self, ctxt, method, args):
msg = dict(method=method)
msg['args'] = dict()
for argname, arg in six.iteritems(args):
msg['args'][argname] = self.serializer.serialize_entity(ctxt, arg)
if self.target.namespace is not None:
msg['namespace'] = self.target.namespace
if self.target.version is not None:
msg['version'] = self.target.version
return msg
def _check_version_cap(self, version):
if not utils.version_is_compatible(self.version_cap, version):
raise RPCVersionCapError(version=version,
version_cap=self.version_cap)
def can_send_version(self, version=_marker):
"""Check to see if a version is compatible with the version cap."""
version = self.target.version if version is self._marker else version
return (not self.version_cap or
utils.version_is_compatible(self.version_cap, version))
def cast(self, ctxt, method, **kwargs):
"""Invoke a method and return immediately. See RPCClient.cast()."""
msg = self._make_message(ctxt, method, kwargs)
ctxt = self.serializer.serialize_context(ctxt)
if self.version_cap:
self._check_version_cap(msg.get('version'))
try:
self.transport._send(self.target, ctxt, msg, retry=self.retry)
except driver_base.TransportDriverError as ex:
raise ClientSendError(self.target, ex)
def call(self, ctxt, method, **kwargs):
"""Invoke a method and wait for a reply. See RPCClient.call()."""
if self.target.fanout:
raise exceptions.InvalidTarget('A call cannot be used with fanout',
self.target)
msg = self._make_message(ctxt, method, kwargs)
msg_ctxt = self.serializer.serialize_context(ctxt)
timeout = self.timeout
if self.timeout is None:
timeout = self.conf.rpc_response_timeout
if self.version_cap:
self._check_version_cap(msg.get('version'))
try:
result = self.transport._send(self.target, msg_ctxt, msg,
wait_for_reply=True, timeout=timeout,
retry=self.retry)
except driver_base.TransportDriverError as ex:
raise ClientSendError(self.target, ex)
return self.serializer.deserialize_entity(ctxt, result)
@classmethod
def _prepare(cls, base,
exchange=_marker, topic=_marker, namespace=_marker,
version=_marker, server=_marker, fanout=_marker,
timeout=_marker, version_cap=_marker, retry=_marker):
"""Prepare a method invocation context. See RPCClient.prepare()."""
if version is not None and version is not cls._marker:
# quick sanity check to make sure parsable version numbers are used
try:
utils.version_is_compatible(version, version)
except (IndexError, ValueError):
raise exceptions.MessagingException(
"Version must contain a major and minor integer. Got %s"
% version)
kwargs = dict(
exchange=exchange,
topic=topic,
namespace=namespace,
version=version,
server=server,
fanout=fanout)
kwargs = dict([(k, v) for k, v in kwargs.items()
if v is not cls._marker])
target = base.target(**kwargs)
if timeout is cls._marker:
timeout = base.timeout
if retry is cls._marker:
retry = base.retry
if version_cap is cls._marker:
version_cap = base.version_cap
return _CallContext(base.transport, target,
base.serializer,
timeout, version_cap, retry)
def prepare(self, exchange=_marker, topic=_marker, namespace=_marker,
version=_marker, server=_marker, fanout=_marker,
timeout=_marker, version_cap=_marker, retry=_marker):
"""Prepare a method invocation context. See RPCClient.prepare()."""
return self._prepare(self,
exchange, topic, namespace,
version, server, fanout,
timeout, version_cap, retry)
class RPCClient(object):
"""A class for invoking methods on remote servers.
The RPCClient class is responsible for sending method invocations to remote
servers via a messaging transport.
A default target is supplied to the RPCClient constructor, but target
attributes can be overridden for individual method invocations using the
prepare() method.
A method invocation consists of a request context dictionary, a method name
and a dictionary of arguments. A cast() invocation just sends the request
and returns immediately. A call() invocation waits for the server to send
a return value.
This class is intended to be used by wrapping it in another class which
provides methods on the subclass to perform the remote invocation using
call() or cast()::
class TestClient(object):
def __init__(self, transport):
target = messaging.Target(topic='test', version='2.0')
self._client = messaging.RPCClient(transport, target)
def test(self, ctxt, arg):
return self._client.call(ctxt, 'test', arg=arg)
An example of using the prepare() method to override some attributes of the
default target::
def test(self, ctxt, arg):
cctxt = self._client.prepare(version='2.5')
return cctxt.call(ctxt, 'test', arg=arg)
RPCClient have a number of other properties - for example, timeout and
version_cap - which may make sense to override for some method invocations,
so they too can be passed to prepare()::
def test(self, ctxt, arg):
cctxt = self._client.prepare(timeout=10)
return cctxt.call(ctxt, 'test', arg=arg)
However, this class can be used directly without wrapping it another class.
For example::
transport = messaging.get_transport(cfg.CONF)
target = messaging.Target(topic='test', version='2.0')
client = messaging.RPCClient(transport, target)
client.call(ctxt, 'test', arg=arg)
but this is probably only useful in limited circumstances as a wrapper
class will usually help to make the code much more obvious.
By default, cast() and call() will block until the message is successfully
sent. However, the retry parameter can be used to have message sending
fail with a MessageDeliveryFailure after the given number of retries. For
example::
client = messaging.RPCClient(transport, target, retry=None)
client.call(ctxt, 'sync')
try:
client.prepare(retry=0).cast(ctxt, 'ping')
except messaging.MessageDeliveryFailure:
LOG.error("Failed to send ping message")
"""
def __init__(self, transport, target,
timeout=None, version_cap=None, serializer=None, retry=None):
"""Construct an RPC client.
:param transport: a messaging transport handle
:type transport: Transport
:param target: the default target for invocations
:type target: Target
:param timeout: an optional default timeout (in seconds) for call()s
:type timeout: int or float
:param version_cap: raise a RPCVersionCapError version exceeds this cap
:type version_cap: str
:param serializer: an optional entity serializer
:type serializer: Serializer
:param retry: an optional default connection retries configuration
None or -1 means to retry forever
0 means no retry
N means N retries
:type retry: int
"""
self.conf = transport.conf
self.conf.register_opts(_client_opts)
self.transport = transport
self.target = target
self.timeout = timeout
self.retry = retry
self.version_cap = version_cap
self.serializer = serializer or msg_serializer.NoOpSerializer()
super(RPCClient, self).__init__()
_marker = _CallContext._marker
def prepare(self, exchange=_marker, topic=_marker, namespace=_marker,
version=_marker, server=_marker, fanout=_marker,
timeout=_marker, version_cap=_marker, retry=_marker):
"""Prepare a method invocation context.
Use this method to override client properties for an individual method
invocation. For example::
def test(self, ctxt, arg):
cctxt = self.prepare(version='2.5')
return cctxt.call(ctxt, 'test', arg=arg)
:param exchange: see Target.exchange
:type exchange: str
:param topic: see Target.topic
:type topic: str
:param namespace: see Target.namespace
:type namespace: str
:param version: requirement the server must support, see Target.version
:type version: str
:param server: send to a specific server, see Target.server
:type server: str
:param fanout: send to all servers on topic, see Target.fanout
:type fanout: bool
:param timeout: an optional default timeout (in seconds) for call()s
:type timeout: int or float
:param version_cap: raise a RPCVersionCapError version exceeds this cap
:type version_cap: str
:param retry: an optional connection retries configuration
None or -1 means to retry forever
0 means no retry
N means N retries
:type retry: int
"""
return _CallContext._prepare(self,
exchange, topic, namespace,
version, server, fanout,
timeout, version_cap, retry)
def cast(self, ctxt, method, **kwargs):
"""Invoke a method and return immediately.
Method arguments must either be primitive types or types supported by
the client's serializer (if any).
Similarly, the request context must be a dict unless the client's
serializer supports serializing another type.
Note: cast does not ensure that the remote method will be executed on
each destination. But it does ensure that the method will be not
executed twice on a destination (e.g. 'at-most-once' execution).
Note: there are no ordering guarantees across successive casts, even
among casts to the same destination. Therefore methods may be executed
in an order different from the order in which they are cast.
:param ctxt: a request context dict
:type ctxt: dict
:param method: the method name
:type method: str
:param kwargs: a dict of method arguments
:type kwargs: dict
:raises: MessageDeliveryFailure
"""
self.prepare().cast(ctxt, method, **kwargs)
def call(self, ctxt, method, **kwargs):
"""Invoke a method and wait for a reply.
Method arguments must either be primitive types or types supported by
the client's serializer (if any). Similarly, the request context must
be a dict unless the client's serializer supports serializing another
type.
The semantics of how any errors raised by the remote RPC endpoint
method are handled are quite subtle.
Firstly, if the remote exception is contained in one of the modules
listed in the allow_remote_exmods messaging.get_transport() parameter,
then it this exception will be re-raised by call(). However, such
locally re-raised remote exceptions are distinguishable from the same
exception type raised locally because re-raised remote exceptions are
modified such that their class name ends with the '_Remote' suffix so
you may do::
if ex.__class__.__name__.endswith('_Remote'):
# Some special case for locally re-raised remote exceptions
Secondly, if a remote exception is not from a module listed in the
allowed_remote_exmods list, then a messaging.RemoteError exception is
raised with all details of the remote exception.
Note: call is done 'at-most-once'. In case of we can't known
if the call have been done correctly, because we didn't get the
response on time, MessagingTimeout exception is raised.
The real reason can vary, transport failure, worker
doesn't answer in time or crash, ...
:param ctxt: a request context dict
:type ctxt: dict
:param method: the method name
:type method: str
:param kwargs: a dict of method arguments
:type kwargs: dict
:raises: MessagingTimeout, RemoteError, MessageDeliveryFailure
"""
return self.prepare().call(ctxt, method, **kwargs)
def can_send_version(self, version=_marker):
"""Check to see if a version is compatible with the version cap."""
return self.prepare(version=version).can_send_version()