python-keystoneclient/keystoneclient/common/cms.py

#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
#    a copy of the License at
#
#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
#    under the License.

"""Certificate signing functions.

Call set_subprocess() with the subprocess module. Either Python's
subprocess or eventlet.green.subprocess can be used.

If set_subprocess() is not called, this module will pick Python's subprocess
or eventlet.green.subprocess based on if os module is patched by eventlet.
"""

import base64
import errno
import hashlib
import logging
import zlib

import six

from keystoneclient import exceptions


subprocess = None
LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
PKI_ASN1_PREFIX = 'MII'
PKIZ_PREFIX = 'PKIZ_'
PKIZ_CMS_FORM = 'DER'
PKI_ASN1_FORM = 'PEM'


def _ensure_subprocess():
    # NOTE(vish): late loading subprocess so we can
    #             use the green version if we are in
    #             eventlet.
    global subprocess
    if not subprocess:
        try:
            from eventlet import patcher
            if patcher.already_patched:
                from eventlet.green import subprocess
            else:
                import subprocess
        except ImportError:
            import subprocess  # noqa


def set_subprocess(_subprocess=None):
    """Set subprocess module to use.
    The subprocess could be eventlet.green.subprocess if using eventlet,
    or Python's subprocess otherwise.
    """
    global subprocess
    subprocess = _subprocess


def _check_files_accessible(files):
    err = None
    try:
        for try_file in files:
            with open(try_file, 'r'):
                pass
    except IOError as e:
        # Catching IOError means there is an issue with
        # the given file.
        err = ('Hit OSError in _process_communicate_handle_oserror()\n'
               'Likely due to %s: %s') % (try_file, e.strerror)

    return err


def _process_communicate_handle_oserror(process, data, files):
    """Wrapper around process.communicate that checks for OSError."""

    try:
        output, err = process.communicate(data)
    except OSError as e:
        if e.errno != errno.EPIPE:
            raise
        # OSError with EPIPE only occurs with Python 2.6.x/old 2.7.x
        # http://bugs.python.org/issue10963

        # The quick exit is typically caused by the openssl command not being
        # able to read an input file, so check ourselves if can't read a file.
        err = _check_files_accessible(files)
        if process.stderr:
            msg = process.stderr.read()
            err = err + msg.decode('utf-8')
        output = ''
        retcode = -1
    else:
        retcode = process.poll()
        if err is not None:
            err = err.decode('utf-8')

    return output, err, retcode


def _encoding_for_form(inform):
    if inform == PKI_ASN1_FORM:
        encoding = 'UTF-8'
    elif inform == PKIZ_CMS_FORM:
        encoding = 'hex'
    else:
        raise ValueError('"inform" must be either %s or %s' %
                         (PKI_ASN1_FORM, PKIZ_CMS_FORM))

    return encoding


def cms_verify(formatted, signing_cert_file_name, ca_file_name,
               inform=PKI_ASN1_FORM):
    """Verifies the signature of the contents IAW CMS syntax.

    :raises: subprocess.CalledProcessError
    :raises: CertificateConfigError if certificate is not configured properly.
    """
    _ensure_subprocess()
    if isinstance(formatted, six.string_types):
        data = bytearray(formatted, _encoding_for_form(inform))
    else:
        data = formatted
    process = subprocess.Popen(['openssl', 'cms', '-verify',
                                '-certfile', signing_cert_file_name,
                                '-CAfile', ca_file_name,
                                '-inform', 'PEM',
                                '-nosmimecap', '-nodetach',
                                '-nocerts', '-noattr'],
                               stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
                               stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                               stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    output, err, retcode = _process_communicate_handle_oserror(
        process, data, (signing_cert_file_name, ca_file_name))

    # Do not log errors, as some happen in the positive thread
    # instead, catch them in the calling code and log them there.

    # When invoke the openssl with not exist file, return code 2
    # and error msg will be returned.
    # You can get more from
    # http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/cms.html#EXIT_CODES
    #
    # $ openssl cms -verify -certfile not_exist_file -CAfile \
    #       not_exist_file -inform PEM -nosmimecap -nodetach \
    #       -nocerts -noattr
    # Error opening certificate file not_exist_file
    #
    if retcode == 2:
        if err.startswith('Error reading S/MIME message'):
            raise exceptions.CMSError(err)
        else:
            raise exceptions.CertificateConfigError(err)
    elif retcode:
        # NOTE(dmllr): Python 2.6 compatibility:
        # CalledProcessError did not have output keyword argument
        e = subprocess.CalledProcessError(retcode, 'openssl')
        e.output = err
        raise e
    return output


def is_pkiz(token_text):
    """Determine if a token a cmsz token

    Checks if the string has the prefix that indicates it is a
    Crypto Message Syntax, Z compressed token.
    """
    return token_text.startswith(PKIZ_PREFIX)


def pkiz_sign(text,
              signing_cert_file_name,
              signing_key_file_name,
              compression_level=6):
    signed = cms_sign_data(text,
                           signing_cert_file_name,
                           signing_key_file_name,
                           PKIZ_CMS_FORM)

    compressed = zlib.compress(signed, compression_level)
    encoded = PKIZ_PREFIX + base64.urlsafe_b64encode(
        compressed).decode('utf-8')
    return encoded


def pkiz_uncompress(signed_text):
    text = signed_text[len(PKIZ_PREFIX):].encode('utf-8')
    unencoded = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(text)
    uncompressed = zlib.decompress(unencoded)
    return uncompressed


def pkiz_verify(signed_text, signing_cert_file_name, ca_file_name):
    uncompressed = pkiz_uncompress(signed_text)
    return cms_verify(uncompressed, signing_cert_file_name, ca_file_name,
                      inform=PKIZ_CMS_FORM)


# This function is deprecated and will be removed once the ASN1 token format
# is no longer required. It is only here to be used for testing.
def token_to_cms(signed_text):
    copy_of_text = signed_text.replace('-', '/')

    formatted = '-----BEGIN CMS-----\n'
    line_length = 64
    while len(copy_of_text) > 0:
        if (len(copy_of_text) > line_length):
            formatted += copy_of_text[:line_length]
            copy_of_text = copy_of_text[line_length:]
        else:
            formatted += copy_of_text
            copy_of_text = ''
        formatted += '\n'

    formatted += '-----END CMS-----\n'

    return formatted


def verify_token(token, signing_cert_file_name, ca_file_name):
    return cms_verify(token_to_cms(token),
                      signing_cert_file_name,
                      ca_file_name)


def is_asn1_token(token):
    """Determine if a token appears to be PKI-based.

    thx to ayoung for sorting this out.

    base64 decoded hex representation of MII is 3082::

      In [3]: binascii.hexlify(base64.b64decode('MII='))
      Out[3]: '3082'

    re: http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com17/languages/X.690-0207.pdf

    ::

      pg4:  For tags from 0 to 30 the first octet is the identfier
      pg10: Hex 30 means sequence, followed by the length of that sequence.
      pg5:  Second octet is the length octet
            first bit indicates short or long form, next 7 bits encode the
            number of subsequent octets that make up the content length octets
            as an unsigned binary int

            82 = 10000010 (first bit indicates long form)
            0000010 = 2 octets of content length
            so read the next 2 octets to get the length of the content.

    In the case of a very large content length there could be a requirement to
    have more than 2 octets to designate the content length, therefore
    requiring us to check for MIM, MIQ, etc.

    ::

      In [4]: base64.b64encode(binascii.a2b_hex('3083'))
      Out[4]: 'MIM='
      In [5]: base64.b64encode(binascii.a2b_hex('3084'))
      Out[5]: 'MIQ='
      Checking for MI would become invalid at 16 octets of content length
      10010000 = 90
      In [6]: base64.b64encode(binascii.a2b_hex('3090'))
      Out[6]: 'MJA='
      Checking for just M is insufficient

    But we will only check for MII:
    Max length of the content using 2 octets is 7FFF or 32767.

    It's not practical to support a token of this length or greater in http
    therefore, we will check for MII only and ignore the case of larger tokens
    """
    return token[:3] == PKI_ASN1_PREFIX


def is_ans1_token(token):
    """Deprecated. Use is_asn1_token() instead."""
    LOG.warning('The function is_ans1_token() is deprecated, '
                'use is_asn1_token() instead.')
    return is_asn1_token(token)


def cms_sign_text(data_to_sign, signing_cert_file_name, signing_key_file_name):
    return cms_sign_data(data_to_sign, signing_cert_file_name,
                         signing_key_file_name)


def cms_sign_data(data_to_sign, signing_cert_file_name, signing_key_file_name,
                  outform=PKI_ASN1_FORM):
    """Uses OpenSSL to sign a document.

    Produces a Base64 encoding of a DER formatted CMS Document
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_Message_Syntax

    :param data_to_sign: data to sign
    :param signing_cert_file_name:  path to the X509 certificate containing
        the public key associated with the private key used to sign the data
    :param signing_key_file_name: path to the private key used to sign
        the data
    :param outform: Format for the signed document PKIZ_CMS_FORM or
        PKI_ASN1_FORM


    """
    _ensure_subprocess()
    if isinstance(data_to_sign, six.string_types):
        data = bytearray(data_to_sign, encoding='utf-8')
    else:
        data = data_to_sign
    process = subprocess.Popen(['openssl', 'cms', '-sign',
                                '-signer', signing_cert_file_name,
                                '-inkey', signing_key_file_name,
                                '-outform', 'PEM',
                                '-nosmimecap', '-nodetach',
                                '-nocerts', '-noattr'],
                               stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
                               stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                               stderr=subprocess.PIPE)

    output, err, retcode = _process_communicate_handle_oserror(
        process, data, (signing_cert_file_name, signing_key_file_name))

    if retcode or ('Error' in err):
        LOG.error('Signing error: %s', err)
        if retcode == 3:
            LOG.error('Signing error: Unable to load certificate - '
                      'ensure you have configured PKI with '
                      '"keystone-manage pki_setup"')
        else:
            LOG.error('Signing error: %s', err)
        raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(retcode, 'openssl')
    if outform == PKI_ASN1_FORM:
        return output.decode('utf-8')
    else:
        return output


def cms_sign_token(text, signing_cert_file_name, signing_key_file_name):
    output = cms_sign_data(text, signing_cert_file_name, signing_key_file_name)
    return cms_to_token(output)


def cms_to_token(cms_text):

    start_delim = '-----BEGIN CMS-----'
    end_delim = '-----END CMS-----'
    signed_text = cms_text
    signed_text = signed_text.replace('/', '-')
    signed_text = signed_text.replace(start_delim, '')
    signed_text = signed_text.replace(end_delim, '')
    signed_text = signed_text.replace('\n', '')

    return signed_text


def cms_hash_token(token_id, mode='md5'):
    """Hash PKI tokens.

    return: for asn1 or pkiz tokens, returns the hash of the passed in token
            otherwise, returns what it was passed in.
    """
    if token_id is None:
        return None
    if is_asn1_token(token_id) or is_pkiz(token_id):
        hasher = hashlib.new(mode)
        if isinstance(token_id, six.text_type):
            token_id = token_id.encode('utf-8')
        hasher.update(token_id)
        return hasher.hexdigest()
    else:
        return token_id