# Copyright (c) 2010-2012 OpenStack, LLC.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
# implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
OpenStack Swift client library used internally
"""
import socket
import requests
import logging
import warnings
try:
from simplejson import loads as json_loads
except ImportError:
from json import loads as json_loads
from distutils.version import StrictVersion
from requests.exceptions import RequestException, SSLError
from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote as _quote
from six.moves.urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse
from time import sleep, time
import six
from swiftclient import version as swiftclient_version
from swiftclient.exceptions import ClientException
from swiftclient.utils import LengthWrapper, ReadableToIterable
AUTH_VERSIONS_V1 = ('1.0', '1', 1)
AUTH_VERSIONS_V2 = ('2.0', '2', 2)
AUTH_VERSIONS_V3 = ('3.0', '3', 3)
USER_METADATA_TYPE = tuple('x-%s-meta-' % type_ for type_ in
('container', 'account', 'object'))
try:
from logging import NullHandler
except ImportError:
class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
def handle(self, record):
pass
def emit(self, record):
pass
def createLock(self):
self.lock = None
# requests version 1.2.3 try to encode headers in ascii, preventing
# utf-8 encoded header to be 'prepared'
if StrictVersion(requests.__version__) < StrictVersion('2.0.0'):
from requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
def prepare_unicode_headers(self, headers):
if headers:
self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(headers)
else:
self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
requests.models.PreparedRequest.prepare_headers = prepare_unicode_headers
logger = logging.getLogger("swiftclient")
logger.addHandler(NullHandler())
def http_log(args, kwargs, resp, body):
if not logger.isEnabledFor(logging.INFO):
return
# create and log equivalent curl command
string_parts = ['curl -i']
for element in args:
if element == 'HEAD':
string_parts.append(' -I')
elif element in ('GET', 'POST', 'PUT'):
string_parts.append(' -X %s' % element)
else:
string_parts.append(' %s' % element)
if 'headers' in kwargs:
for element in kwargs['headers']:
header = ' -H "%s: %s"' % (element, kwargs['headers'][element])
string_parts.append(header)
# log response as debug if good, or info if error
if resp.status < 300:
log_method = logger.debug
else:
log_method = logger.info
log_method("REQ: %s", "".join(string_parts))
log_method("RESP STATUS: %s %s", resp.status, resp.reason)
log_method("RESP HEADERS: %s", resp.getheaders())
if body:
log_method("RESP BODY: %s", body)
def quote(value, safe='/'):
"""
Patched version of urllib.quote that encodes utf8 strings before quoting.
On Python 3, call directly urllib.parse.quote().
"""
if six.PY3:
return _quote(value, safe=safe)
value = encode_utf8(value)
if isinstance(value, bytes):
return _quote(value, safe)
else:
return value
def encode_utf8(value):
if isinstance(value, six.text_type):
value = value.encode('utf8')
return value
def encode_meta_headers(headers):
"""Only encode metadata headers keys"""
ret = {}
for header, value in headers.items():
value = encode_utf8(value)
header = header.lower()
if (isinstance(header, six.string_types)
and header.startswith(USER_METADATA_TYPE)):
header = encode_utf8(header)
ret[header] = value
return ret
class HTTPConnection(object):
def __init__(self, url, proxy=None, cacert=None, insecure=False,
ssl_compression=False, default_user_agent=None):
"""
Make an HTTPConnection or HTTPSConnection
:param url: url to connect to
:param proxy: proxy to connect through, if any; None by default; str
of the format 'http://127.0.0.1:8888' to set one
:param cacert: A CA bundle file to use in verifying a TLS server
certificate.
:param insecure: Allow to access servers without checking SSL certs.
The server's certificate will not be verified.
:param ssl_compression: SSL compression should be disabled by default
and this setting is not usable as of now. The
parameter is kept for backward compatibility.
:param default_user_agent: Set the User-Agent header on every request.
If set to None (default), the user agent
will be "python-swiftclient-<version>". This
may be overridden on a per-request basis by
explicitly setting the user-agent header on
a call to request().
:raises ClientException: Unable to handle protocol scheme
"""
self.url = url
self.parsed_url = urlparse(url)
self.host = self.parsed_url.netloc
self.port = self.parsed_url.port
self.requests_args = {}
self.request_session = requests.Session()
if self.parsed_url.scheme not in ('http', 'https'):
raise ClientException("Unsupported scheme")
self.requests_args['verify'] = not insecure
if cacert and not insecure:
# verify requests parameter is used to pass the CA_BUNDLE file
# see: http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/user/advanced/
self.requests_args['verify'] = cacert
if proxy:
proxy_parsed = urlparse(proxy)
if not proxy_parsed.scheme:
raise ClientException("Proxy's missing scheme")
self.requests_args['proxies'] = {
proxy_parsed.scheme: '%s://%s' % (
proxy_parsed.scheme, proxy_parsed.netloc
)
}
self.requests_args['stream'] = True
if default_user_agent is None:
default_user_agent = \
'python-swiftclient-%s' % swiftclient_version.version_string
self.default_user_agent = default_user_agent
def _request(self, *arg, **kwarg):
""" Final wrapper before requests call, to be patched in tests """
return self.request_session.request(*arg, **kwarg)
def request(self, method, full_path, data=None, headers=None, files=None):
""" Encode url and header, then call requests.request """
if headers is None:
headers = {}
else:
headers = encode_meta_headers(headers)
# set a default User-Agent header if it wasn't passed in
if 'user-agent' not in headers:
headers['user-agent'] = self.default_user_agent
url = "%s://%s%s" % (
self.parsed_url.scheme,
self.parsed_url.netloc,
full_path)
self.resp = self._request(method, url, headers=headers, data=data,
files=files, **self.requests_args)
return self.resp
def putrequest(self, full_path, data=None, headers=None, files=None):
"""
Use python-requests files upload
:param data: Use data generator for chunked-transfer
:param files: Use files for default transfer
"""
return self.request('PUT', full_path, data, headers, files)
def getresponse(self):
""" Adapt requests response to httplib interface """
self.resp.status = self.resp.status_code
old_getheader = self.resp.raw.getheader
def getheaders():
return self.resp.headers.items()
def getheader(k, v=None):
return old_getheader(k.lower(), v)
def releasing_read(*args, **kwargs):
kwargs['decode_content'] = True
chunk = self.resp.raw.read(*args, **kwargs)
if not chunk:
# NOTE(sigmavirus24): Release the connection back to the
# urllib3's connection pool. This will reduce the number of
# log messages seen in bug #1341777. This does not actually
# close a socket. It will also prevent people from being
# mislead as to the cause of a bug as in bug #1424732.
self.resp.close()
return chunk
self.resp.getheaders = getheaders
self.resp.getheader = getheader
self.resp.read = releasing_read
return self.resp
def http_connection(*arg, **kwarg):
""" :returns: tuple of (parsed url, connection object) """
conn = HTTPConnection(*arg, **kwarg)
return conn.parsed_url, conn
def get_auth_1_0(url, user, key, snet, **kwargs):
cacert = kwargs.get('cacert', None)
insecure = kwargs.get('insecure', False)
parsed, conn = http_connection(url, cacert=cacert, insecure=insecure)
method = 'GET'
conn.request(method, parsed.path, '',
{'X-Auth-User': user, 'X-Auth-Key': key})
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log((url, method,), {}, resp, body)
url = resp.getheader('x-storage-url')
# There is a side-effect on current Rackspace 1.0 server where a
# bad URL would get you that document page and a 200. We error out
# if we don't have a x-storage-url header and if we get a body.
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300 or (body and not url):
raise ClientException('Auth GET failed', http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=parsed.path,
http_status=resp.status, http_reason=resp.reason)
if snet:
parsed = list(urlparse(url))
# Second item in the list is the netloc
netloc = parsed[1]
parsed[1] = 'snet-' + netloc
url = urlunparse(parsed)
return url, resp.getheader('x-storage-token',
resp.getheader('x-auth-token'))
def get_keystoneclient_2_0(auth_url, user, key, os_options, **kwargs):
# this function is only here to preserve the historic 'public'
# interface of this module
kwargs.update({'auth_version': '2.0'})
return get_auth_keystone(auth_url, user, key, os_options, **kwargs)
def _import_keystone_client(auth_version):
# the attempted imports are encapsulated in this function to allow
# mocking for tests
try:
if auth_version in AUTH_VERSIONS_V3:
from keystoneclient.v3 import client as ksclient
else:
from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client as ksclient
from keystoneclient import exceptions
# prevent keystoneclient warning us that it has no log handlers
logging.getLogger('keystoneclient').addHandler(NullHandler())
return ksclient, exceptions
except ImportError:
raise ClientException('''
Auth versions 2.0 and 3 require python-keystoneclient, install it or use Auth
version 1.0 which requires ST_AUTH, ST_USER, and ST_KEY environment
variables to be set or overridden with -A, -U, or -K.''')
def get_auth_keystone(auth_url, user, key, os_options, **kwargs):
"""
Authenticate against a keystone server.
We are using the keystoneclient library for authentication.
"""
insecure = kwargs.get('insecure', False)
auth_version = kwargs.get('auth_version', '2.0')
debug = logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG) and True or False
ksclient, exceptions = _import_keystone_client(auth_version)
try:
_ksclient = ksclient.Client(
username=user,
password=key,
tenant_name=os_options.get('tenant_name'),
tenant_id=os_options.get('tenant_id'),
user_id=os_options.get('user_id'),
user_domain_name=os_options.get('user_domain_name'),
user_domain_id=os_options.get('user_domain_id'),
project_name=os_options.get('project_name'),
project_id=os_options.get('project_id'),
project_domain_name=os_options.get('project_domain_name'),
project_domain_id=os_options.get('project_domain_id'),
debug=debug,
cacert=kwargs.get('cacert'),
auth_url=auth_url, insecure=insecure)
except exceptions.Unauthorized:
msg = 'Unauthorized. Check username, password and tenant name/id.'
if auth_version in AUTH_VERSIONS_V3:
msg = ('Unauthorized. Check username/id, password, '
'tenant name/id and user/tenant domain name/id.')
raise ClientException(msg)
except exceptions.AuthorizationFailure as err:
raise ClientException('Authorization Failure. %s' % err)
service_type = os_options.get('service_type') or 'object-store'
endpoint_type = os_options.get('endpoint_type') or 'publicURL'
try:
endpoint = _ksclient.service_catalog.url_for(
attr='region',
filter_value=os_options.get('region_name'),
service_type=service_type,
endpoint_type=endpoint_type)
except exceptions.EndpointNotFound:
raise ClientException('Endpoint for %s not found - '
'have you specified a region?' % service_type)
return endpoint, _ksclient.auth_token
def get_auth(auth_url, user, key, **kwargs):
"""
Get authentication/authorization credentials.
:kwarg auth_version: the api version of the supplied auth params
:kwarg os_options: a dict, the openstack idenity service options
:returns: a tuple, (storage_url, token)
N.B. if the optional os_options paramater includes an non-empty
'object_storage_url' key it will override the the default storage url
returned by the auth service.
The snet parameter is used for Rackspace's ServiceNet internal network
implementation. In this function, it simply adds *snet-* to the beginning
of the host name for the returned storage URL. With Rackspace Cloud Files,
use of this network path causes no bandwidth charges but requires the
client to be running on Rackspace's ServiceNet network.
"""
auth_version = kwargs.get('auth_version', '1')
os_options = kwargs.get('os_options', {})
storage_url, token = None, None
cacert = kwargs.get('cacert', None)
insecure = kwargs.get('insecure', False)
if auth_version in AUTH_VERSIONS_V1:
storage_url, token = get_auth_1_0(auth_url,
user,
key,
kwargs.get('snet'),
cacert=cacert,
insecure=insecure)
elif auth_version in AUTH_VERSIONS_V2 + AUTH_VERSIONS_V3:
# We are handling a special use case here where the user argument
# specifies both the user name and tenant name in the form tenant:user
if user and not kwargs.get('tenant_name') and ':' in user:
os_options['tenant_name'], user = user.split(':')
# We are allowing to have an tenant_name argument in get_auth
# directly without having os_options
if kwargs.get('tenant_name'):
os_options['tenant_name'] = kwargs['tenant_name']
if not (os_options.get('tenant_name') or os_options.get('tenant_id')
or os_options.get('project_name')
or os_options.get('project_id')):
if auth_version in AUTH_VERSIONS_V2:
raise ClientException('No tenant specified')
raise ClientException('No project name or project id specified.')
storage_url, token = get_auth_keystone(auth_url, user,
key, os_options,
cacert=cacert,
insecure=insecure,
auth_version=auth_version)
else:
raise ClientException('Unknown auth_version %s specified.'
% auth_version)
# Override storage url, if necessary
if os_options.get('object_storage_url'):
return os_options['object_storage_url'], token
else:
return storage_url, token
def store_response(resp, response_dict):
"""
store information about an operation into a dict
:param resp: an http response object containing the response
headers
:param response_dict: a dict into which are placed the
status, reason and a dict of lower-cased headers
"""
if response_dict is not None:
resp_headers = {}
for header, value in resp.getheaders():
resp_headers[header.lower()] = value
response_dict['status'] = resp.status
response_dict['reason'] = resp.reason
response_dict['headers'] = resp_headers
def get_account(url, token, marker=None, limit=None, prefix=None,
end_marker=None, http_conn=None, full_listing=False):
"""
Get a listing of containers for the account.
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param marker: marker query
:param limit: limit query
:param prefix: prefix query
:param end_marker: end_marker query
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param full_listing: if True, return a full listing, else returns a max
of 10000 listings
:returns: a tuple of (response headers, a list of containers) The response
headers will be a dict and all header names will be lowercase.
:raises ClientException: HTTP GET request failed
"""
if not http_conn:
http_conn = http_connection(url)
if full_listing:
rv = get_account(url, token, marker, limit, prefix,
end_marker, http_conn)
listing = rv[1]
while listing:
marker = listing[-1]['name']
listing = get_account(url, token, marker, limit, prefix,
end_marker, http_conn)[1]
if listing:
rv[1].extend(listing)
return rv
parsed, conn = http_conn
qs = 'format=json'
if marker:
qs += '&marker=%s' % quote(marker)
if limit:
qs += '&limit=%d' % limit
if prefix:
qs += '&prefix=%s' % quote(prefix)
if end_marker:
qs += '&end_marker=%s' % quote(end_marker)
full_path = '%s?%s' % (parsed.path, qs)
headers = {'X-Auth-Token': token}
method = 'GET'
conn.request(method, full_path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(("%s?%s" % (url, qs), method,), {'headers': headers}, resp, body)
resp_headers = {}
for header, value in resp.getheaders():
resp_headers[header.lower()] = value
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Account GET failed', http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=parsed.path,
http_query=qs, http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
if resp.status == 204:
return resp_headers, []
return resp_headers, json_loads(body)
def head_account(url, token, http_conn=None):
"""
Get account stats.
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:returns: a dict containing the response's headers (all header names will
be lowercase)
:raises ClientException: HTTP HEAD request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
method = "HEAD"
headers = {'X-Auth-Token': token}
conn.request(method, parsed.path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log((url, method,), {'headers': headers}, resp, body)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Account HEAD failed', http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=parsed.path,
http_status=resp.status, http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
resp_headers = {}
for header, value in resp.getheaders():
resp_headers[header.lower()] = value
return resp_headers
def post_account(url, token, headers, http_conn=None, response_dict=None):
"""
Update an account's metadata.
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param headers: additional headers to include in the request
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:raises ClientException: HTTP POST request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
method = 'POST'
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = token
conn.request(method, parsed.path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log((url, method,), {'headers': headers}, resp, body)
store_response(resp, response_dict)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Account POST failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host,
http_path=parsed.path,
http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
def get_container(url, token, container, marker=None, limit=None,
prefix=None, delimiter=None, end_marker=None,
path=None, http_conn=None,
full_listing=False):
"""
Get a listing of objects for the container.
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name to get a listing for
:param marker: marker query
:param limit: limit query
:param prefix: prefix query
:param delimiter: string to delimit the queries on
:param end_marker: marker query
:param path: path query (equivalent: "delimiter=/" and "prefix=path/")
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param full_listing: if True, return a full listing, else returns a max
of 10000 listings
:returns: a tuple of (response headers, a list of objects) The response
headers will be a dict and all header names will be lowercase.
:raises ClientException: HTTP GET request failed
"""
if not http_conn:
http_conn = http_connection(url)
if full_listing:
rv = get_container(url, token, container, marker, limit, prefix,
delimiter, end_marker, path, http_conn)
listing = rv[1]
while listing:
if not delimiter:
marker = listing[-1]['name']
else:
marker = listing[-1].get('name', listing[-1].get('subdir'))
listing = get_container(url, token, container, marker, limit,
prefix, delimiter, end_marker, path,
http_conn)[1]
if listing:
rv[1].extend(listing)
return rv
parsed, conn = http_conn
cont_path = '%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container))
qs = 'format=json'
if marker:
qs += '&marker=%s' % quote(marker)
if limit:
qs += '&limit=%d' % limit
if prefix:
qs += '&prefix=%s' % quote(prefix)
if delimiter:
qs += '&delimiter=%s' % quote(delimiter)
if end_marker:
qs += '&end_marker=%s' % quote(end_marker)
if path:
qs += '&path=%s' % quote(path)
headers = {'X-Auth-Token': token}
method = 'GET'
conn.request(method, '%s?%s' % (cont_path, qs), '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%(url)s%(cont_path)s?%(qs)s' %
{'url': url.replace(parsed.path, ''),
'cont_path': cont_path,
'qs': qs}, method,),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Container GET failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme, http_host=conn.host,
http_path=cont_path, http_query=qs,
http_status=resp.status, http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
resp_headers = {}
for header, value in resp.getheaders():
resp_headers[header.lower()] = value
if resp.status == 204:
return resp_headers, []
return resp_headers, json_loads(body)
def head_container(url, token, container, http_conn=None, headers=None):
"""
Get container stats.
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name to get stats for
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:returns: a dict containing the response's headers (all header names will
be lowercase)
:raises ClientException: HTTP HEAD request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
path = '%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container))
method = 'HEAD'
req_headers = {'X-Auth-Token': token}
if headers:
req_headers.update(headers)
conn.request(method, path, '', req_headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), method,),
{'headers': req_headers}, resp, body)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Container HEAD failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme, http_host=conn.host,
http_path=path, http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
resp_headers = {}
for header, value in resp.getheaders():
resp_headers[header.lower()] = value
return resp_headers
def put_container(url, token, container, headers=None, http_conn=None,
response_dict=None):
"""
Create a container
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name to create
:param headers: additional headers to include in the request
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:raises ClientException: HTTP PUT request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
path = '%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container))
method = 'PUT'
if not headers:
headers = {}
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = token
if 'content-length' not in (k.lower() for k in headers):
headers['Content-Length'] = '0'
conn.request(method, path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
store_response(resp, response_dict)
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), method,),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Container PUT failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme, http_host=conn.host,
http_path=path, http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
def post_container(url, token, container, headers, http_conn=None,
response_dict=None):
"""
Update a container's metadata.
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name to update
:param headers: additional headers to include in the request
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:raises ClientException: HTTP POST request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
path = '%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container))
method = 'POST'
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = token
if 'content-length' not in (k.lower() for k in headers):
headers['Content-Length'] = '0'
conn.request(method, path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), method,),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
store_response(resp, response_dict)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Container POST failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme, http_host=conn.host,
http_path=path, http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
def delete_container(url, token, container, http_conn=None,
response_dict=None):
"""
Delete a container
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name to delete
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:raises ClientException: HTTP DELETE request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
path = '%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container))
headers = {'X-Auth-Token': token}
method = 'DELETE'
conn.request(method, path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), method,),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
store_response(resp, response_dict)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Container DELETE failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme, http_host=conn.host,
http_path=path, http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
def get_object(url, token, container, name, http_conn=None,
resp_chunk_size=None, query_string=None,
response_dict=None, headers=None):
"""
Get an object
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name that the object is in
:param name: object name to get
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param resp_chunk_size: if defined, chunk size of data to read. NOTE: If
you specify a resp_chunk_size you must fully read
the object's contents before making another
request.
:param query_string: if set will be appended with '?' to generated path
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:param headers: an optional dictionary with additional headers to include
in the request
:returns: a tuple of (response headers, the object's contents) The response
headers will be a dict and all header names will be lowercase.
:raises ClientException: HTTP GET request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
path = '%s/%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container), quote(name))
if query_string:
path += '?' + query_string
method = 'GET'
headers = headers.copy() if headers else {}
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = token
conn.request(method, path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
parsed_response = {}
store_response(resp, parsed_response)
if response_dict is not None:
response_dict.update(parsed_response)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), method,),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
raise ClientException('Object GET failed', http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=path,
http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
if resp_chunk_size:
def _object_body():
buf = resp.read(resp_chunk_size)
while buf:
yield buf
buf = resp.read(resp_chunk_size)
object_body = _object_body()
else:
object_body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), method,),
{'headers': headers}, resp, None)
return parsed_response['headers'], object_body
def head_object(url, token, container, name, http_conn=None):
"""
Get object info
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name that the object is in
:param name: object name to get info for
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:returns: a dict containing the response's headers (all header names will
be lowercase)
:raises ClientException: HTTP HEAD request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
path = '%s/%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container), quote(name))
method = 'HEAD'
headers = {'X-Auth-Token': token}
conn.request(method, path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), method,),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Object HEAD failed', http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=path,
http_status=resp.status, http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
resp_headers = {}
for header, value in resp.getheaders():
resp_headers[header.lower()] = value
return resp_headers
def put_object(url, token=None, container=None, name=None, contents=None,
content_length=None, etag=None, chunk_size=None,
content_type=None, headers=None, http_conn=None, proxy=None,
query_string=None, response_dict=None):
"""
Put an object
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token; if None, no token will be sent
:param container: container name that the object is in; if None, the
container name is expected to be part of the url
:param name: object name to put; if None, the object name is expected to be
part of the url
:param contents: a string, a file like object or an iterable
to read object data from;
if None, a zero-byte put will be done
:param content_length: value to send as content-length header; also limits
the amount read from contents; if None, it will be
computed via the contents or chunked transfer
encoding will be used
:param etag: etag of contents; if None, no etag will be sent
:param chunk_size: chunk size of data to write; it defaults to 65536;
used only if the contents object has a 'read'
method, e.g. file-like objects, ignored otherwise
:param content_type: value to send as content-type header; if None, an
empty string value will be sent
:param headers: additional headers to include in the request, if any
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param proxy: proxy to connect through, if any; None by default; str of the
format 'http://127.0.0.1:8888' to set one
:param query_string: if set will be appended with '?' to generated path
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:returns: etag
:raises ClientException: HTTP PUT request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url, proxy=proxy)
path = parsed.path
if container:
path = '%s/%s' % (path.rstrip('/'), quote(container))
if name:
path = '%s/%s' % (path.rstrip('/'), quote(name))
if query_string:
path += '?' + query_string
if headers:
headers = dict(headers)
else:
headers = {}
if token:
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = token
if etag:
headers['ETag'] = etag.strip('"')
if content_length is not None:
headers['Content-Length'] = str(content_length)
else:
for n, v in headers.items():
if n.lower() == 'content-length':
content_length = int(v)
if content_type is not None:
headers['Content-Type'] = content_type
else: # python-requests sets application/x-www-form-urlencoded otherwise
headers['Content-Type'] = ''
if not contents:
headers['Content-Length'] = '0'
if isinstance(contents, (ReadableToIterable, LengthWrapper)):
conn.putrequest(path, headers=headers, data=contents)
elif hasattr(contents, 'read'):
if chunk_size is None:
chunk_size = 65536
if content_length is None:
data = ReadableToIterable(contents, chunk_size, md5=False)
else:
data = LengthWrapper(contents, content_length, md5=False)
conn.putrequest(path, headers=headers, data=data)
else:
if chunk_size is not None:
warn_msg = ('%s object has no "read" method, ignoring chunk_size'
% type(contents).__name__)
warnings.warn(warn_msg, stacklevel=2)
conn.request('PUT', path, contents, headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
headers = {'X-Auth-Token': token}
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), 'PUT',),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
store_response(resp, response_dict)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Object PUT failed', http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=path,
http_status=resp.status, http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
etag = resp.getheader('etag', '').strip('"')
return etag
def post_object(url, token, container, name, headers, http_conn=None,
response_dict=None):
"""
Update object metadata
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token
:param container: container name that the object is in
:param name: name of the object to update
:param headers: additional headers to include in the request
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:raises ClientException: HTTP POST request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url)
path = '%s/%s/%s' % (parsed.path, quote(container), quote(name))
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = token
conn.request('POST', path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), 'POST',),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
store_response(resp, response_dict)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Object POST failed', http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=path,
http_status=resp.status, http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
def delete_object(url, token=None, container=None, name=None, http_conn=None,
headers=None, proxy=None, query_string=None,
response_dict=None):
"""
Delete object
:param url: storage URL
:param token: auth token; if None, no token will be sent
:param container: container name that the object is in; if None, the
container name is expected to be part of the url
:param name: object name to delete; if None, the object name is expected to
be part of the url
:param http_conn: HTTP connection object (If None, it will create the
conn object)
:param headers: additional headers to include in the request
:param proxy: proxy to connect through, if any; None by default; str of the
format 'http://127.0.0.1:8888' to set one
:param query_string: if set will be appended with '?' to generated path
:param response_dict: an optional dictionary into which to place
the response - status, reason and headers
:raises ClientException: HTTP DELETE request failed
"""
if http_conn:
parsed, conn = http_conn
else:
parsed, conn = http_connection(url, proxy=proxy)
path = parsed.path
if container:
path = '%s/%s' % (path.rstrip('/'), quote(container))
if name:
path = '%s/%s' % (path.rstrip('/'), quote(name))
if query_string:
path += '?' + query_string
if headers:
headers = dict(headers)
else:
headers = {}
if token:
headers['X-Auth-Token'] = token
conn.request('DELETE', path, '', headers)
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log(('%s%s' % (url.replace(parsed.path, ''), path), 'DELETE',),
{'headers': headers}, resp, body)
store_response(resp, response_dict)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Object DELETE failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme, http_host=conn.host,
http_path=path, http_status=resp.status,
http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
def get_capabilities(http_conn):
"""
Get cluster capability infos.
:param http_conn: HTTP connection
:returns: a dict containing the cluster capabilities
:raises ClientException: HTTP Capabilities GET failed
"""
parsed, conn = http_conn
conn.request('GET', parsed.path, '')
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()
http_log((parsed.geturl(), 'GET',), {'headers': {}}, resp, body)
if resp.status < 200 or resp.status >= 300:
raise ClientException('Capabilities GET failed',
http_scheme=parsed.scheme,
http_host=conn.host, http_path=parsed.path,
http_status=resp.status, http_reason=resp.reason,
http_response_content=body)
return json_loads(body)
class Connection(object):
"""Convenience class to make requests that will also retry the request"""
def __init__(self, authurl=None, user=None, key=None, retries=5,
preauthurl=None, preauthtoken=None, snet=False,
starting_backoff=1, max_backoff=64, tenant_name=None,
os_options=None, auth_version="1", cacert=None,
insecure=False, ssl_compression=True,
retry_on_ratelimit=False):
"""
:param authurl: authentication URL
:param user: user name to authenticate as
:param key: key/password to authenticate with
:param retries: Number of times to retry the request before failing
:param preauthurl: storage URL (if you have already authenticated)
:param preauthtoken: authentication token (if you have already
authenticated) note authurl/user/key/tenant_name
are not required when specifying preauthtoken
:param snet: use SERVICENET internal network default is False
:param starting_backoff: initial delay between retries (seconds)
:param max_backoff: maximum delay between retries (seconds)
:param auth_version: OpenStack auth version, default is 1.0
:param tenant_name: The tenant/account name, required when connecting
to an auth 2.0 system.
:param os_options: The OpenStack options which can have tenant_id,
auth_token, service_type, endpoint_type,
tenant_name, object_storage_url, region_name
:param insecure: Allow to access servers without checking SSL certs.
The server's certificate will not be verified.
:param ssl_compression: Whether to enable compression at the SSL layer.
If set to 'False' and the pyOpenSSL library is
present an attempt to disable SSL compression
will be made. This may provide a performance
increase for https upload/download operations.
:param retry_on_ratelimit: by default, a ratelimited connection will
raise an exception to the caller. Setting
this parameter to True will cause a retry
after a backoff.
"""
self.authurl = authurl
self.user = user
self.key = key
self.retries = retries
self.http_conn = None
self.attempts = 0
self.snet = snet
self.starting_backoff = starting_backoff
self.max_backoff = max_backoff
self.auth_version = auth_version
self.os_options = os_options or {}
if tenant_name:
self.os_options['tenant_name'] = tenant_name
if preauthurl:
self.os_options['object_storage_url'] = preauthurl
self.url = preauthurl or self.os_options.get('object_storage_url')
self.token = preauthtoken or self.os_options.get('auth_token')
self.cacert = cacert
self.insecure = insecure
self.ssl_compression = ssl_compression
self.auth_end_time = 0
self.retry_on_ratelimit = retry_on_ratelimit
def close(self):
if (self.http_conn and isinstance(self.http_conn, tuple)
and len(self.http_conn) > 1):
conn = self.http_conn[1]
if hasattr(conn, 'close') and callable(conn.close):
# XXX: Our HTTPConnection object has no close, should be
# trying to close the requests.Session here?
conn.close()
self.http_conn = None
def get_auth(self):
return get_auth(self.authurl, self.user, self.key,
snet=self.snet,
auth_version=self.auth_version,
os_options=self.os_options,
cacert=self.cacert,
insecure=self.insecure)
def http_connection(self, url=None):
return http_connection(url if url else self.url,
cacert=self.cacert,
insecure=self.insecure,
ssl_compression=self.ssl_compression)
def _add_response_dict(self, target_dict, kwargs):
if target_dict is not None and 'response_dict' in kwargs:
response_dict = kwargs['response_dict']
if 'response_dicts' in target_dict:
target_dict['response_dicts'].append(response_dict)
else:
target_dict['response_dicts'] = [response_dict]
target_dict.update(response_dict)
def _retry(self, reset_func, func, *args, **kwargs):
self.attempts = 0
retried_auth = False
backoff = self.starting_backoff
caller_response_dict = kwargs.pop('response_dict', None)
while self.attempts <= self.retries:
self.attempts += 1
try:
if not self.url or not self.token:
self.url, self.token = self.get_auth()
self.http_conn = None
self.auth_end_time = time()
if not self.http_conn:
self.http_conn = self.http_connection()
kwargs['http_conn'] = self.http_conn
if caller_response_dict is not None:
kwargs['response_dict'] = {}
rv = func(self.url, self.token, *args, **kwargs)
self._add_response_dict(caller_response_dict, kwargs)
return rv
except SSLError:
raise
except (socket.error, RequestException) as e:
self._add_response_dict(caller_response_dict, kwargs)
if self.attempts > self.retries:
logger.exception(e)
raise
self.http_conn = None
except ClientException as err:
self._add_response_dict(caller_response_dict, kwargs)
if self.attempts > self.retries:
logger.exception(err)
raise
if err.http_status == 401:
self.url = self.token = None
if retried_auth or not all((self.authurl,
self.user,
self.key)):
logger.exception(err)
raise
retried_auth = True
elif err.http_status == 408:
self.http_conn = None
elif 500 <= err.http_status <= 599:
pass
elif self.retry_on_ratelimit and err.http_status == 498:
pass
else:
logger.exception(err)
raise
sleep(backoff)
backoff = min(backoff * 2, self.max_backoff)
if reset_func:
reset_func(func, *args, **kwargs)
def head_account(self):
"""Wrapper for :func:`head_account`"""
return self._retry(None, head_account)
def get_account(self, marker=None, limit=None, prefix=None,
end_marker=None, full_listing=False):
"""Wrapper for :func:`get_account`"""
# TODO(unknown): With full_listing=True this will restart the entire
# listing with each retry. Need to make a better version that just
# retries where it left off.
return self._retry(None, get_account, marker=marker, limit=limit,
prefix=prefix, end_marker=end_marker,
full_listing=full_listing)
def post_account(self, headers, response_dict=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`post_account`"""
return self._retry(None, post_account, headers,
response_dict=response_dict)
def head_container(self, container):
"""Wrapper for :func:`head_container`"""
return self._retry(None, head_container, container)
def get_container(self, container, marker=None, limit=None, prefix=None,
delimiter=None, end_marker=None, path=None,
full_listing=False):
"""Wrapper for :func:`get_container`"""
# TODO(unknown): With full_listing=True this will restart the entire
# listing with each retry. Need to make a better version that just
# retries where it left off.
return self._retry(None, get_container, container, marker=marker,
limit=limit, prefix=prefix, delimiter=delimiter,
end_marker=end_marker, path=path,
full_listing=full_listing)
def put_container(self, container, headers=None, response_dict=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`put_container`"""
return self._retry(None, put_container, container, headers=headers,
response_dict=response_dict)
def post_container(self, container, headers, response_dict=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`post_container`"""
return self._retry(None, post_container, container, headers,
response_dict=response_dict)
def delete_container(self, container, response_dict=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`delete_container`"""
return self._retry(None, delete_container, container,
response_dict=response_dict)
def head_object(self, container, obj):
"""Wrapper for :func:`head_object`"""
return self._retry(None, head_object, container, obj)
def get_object(self, container, obj, resp_chunk_size=None,
query_string=None, response_dict=None, headers=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`get_object`"""
return self._retry(None, get_object, container, obj,
resp_chunk_size=resp_chunk_size,
query_string=query_string,
response_dict=response_dict, headers=headers)
def put_object(self, container, obj, contents, content_length=None,
etag=None, chunk_size=None, content_type=None,
headers=None, query_string=None, response_dict=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`put_object`"""
def _default_reset(*args, **kwargs):
raise ClientException('put_object(%r, %r, ...) failure and no '
'ability to reset contents for reupload.'
% (container, obj))
if isinstance(contents, str) or not contents:
# if its a str or None then you can retry as much as you want
reset_func = None
else:
reset_func = _default_reset
if self.retries > 0:
tell = getattr(contents, 'tell', None)
seek = getattr(contents, 'seek', None)
if tell and seek:
orig_pos = tell()
reset_func = lambda *a, **k: seek(orig_pos)
return self._retry(reset_func, put_object, container, obj, contents,
content_length=content_length, etag=etag,
chunk_size=chunk_size, content_type=content_type,
headers=headers, query_string=query_string,
response_dict=response_dict)
def post_object(self, container, obj, headers, response_dict=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`post_object`"""
return self._retry(None, post_object, container, obj, headers,
response_dict=response_dict)
def delete_object(self, container, obj, query_string=None,
response_dict=None):
"""Wrapper for :func:`delete_object`"""
return self._retry(None, delete_object, container, obj,
query_string=query_string,
response_dict=response_dict)
def get_capabilities(self, url=None):
url = url or self.url
if not url:
url, _ = self.get_auth()
scheme = urlparse(url).scheme
netloc = urlparse(url).netloc
url = scheme + '://' + netloc + '/info'
http_conn = self.http_connection(url)
return get_capabilities(http_conn)