diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 719273f..39243b0 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: hacking
         additional_dependencies: []
+        exclude: '^(doc|releasenotes)/.*$'
   - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/bandit
     rev: 1.8.6
     hooks:
diff --git a/doc/source/conf.py b/doc/source/conf.py
index 6d55203..35fe744 100644
--- a/doc/source/conf.py
+++ b/doc/source/conf.py
@@ -84,15 +84,15 @@ latex_documents = [
         'stevedore.tex',
         'stevedore Documentation',
         'DreamHost',
-        'manual'
-    ),
+        'manual',
+    )
 ]
 
 
 # -- Options for extlinks extension ---------------------------------------
 
 extlinks = {
-    'issue': ('https://github.com/dreamhost/stevedore/issues/%s', 'issue '),
+    'issue': ('https://github.com/dreamhost/stevedore/issues/%s', 'issue ')
 }
 
 
@@ -101,5 +101,5 @@ extlinks = {
 autodoc_default_options = {
     'members': None,
     'special-members': None,
-    'show-inheritance': None
+    'show-inheritance': None,
 }
diff --git a/releasenotes/source/conf.py b/releasenotes/source/conf.py
index 679b2cd..152ed42 100644
--- a/releasenotes/source/conf.py
+++ b/releasenotes/source/conf.py
@@ -16,10 +16,7 @@
 
 # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
 # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
-extensions = [
-    'openstackdocstheme',
-    'reno.sphinxext',
-]
+extensions = ['openstackdocstheme', 'reno.sphinxext']
 
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
 templates_path = ['_templates']
@@ -67,9 +64,13 @@ html_static_path = ['_static']
 # (source start file, target name, title,
 #  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
 latex_documents = [
-    ('index', 'stevedoreReleaseNotes.tex',
-     'stevedore Release Notes Documentation',
-     'stevedore Developers', 'manual'),
+    (
+        'index',
+        'stevedoreReleaseNotes.tex',
+        'stevedore Release Notes Documentation',
+        'stevedore Developers',
+        'manual',
+    )
 ]
 
 
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index cd35c3c..481505b 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -15,6 +15,4 @@
 
 import setuptools
 
-setuptools.setup(
-    setup_requires=['pbr>=2.0.0'],
-    pbr=True)
+setuptools.setup(setup_requires=['pbr>=2.0.0'], pbr=True)
diff --git a/stevedore/_cache.py b/stevedore/_cache.py
index e43493c..bfeb2ca 100644
--- a/stevedore/_cache.py
+++ b/stevedore/_cache.py
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ def _get_cache_dir():
     # Linux, Unix, AIX, etc.
     if os.name == 'posix' and sys.platform != 'darwin':
         # use ~/.cache if empty OR not set
-        base_path = os.environ.get("XDG_CACHE_HOME", None) \
-            or os.path.expanduser('~/.cache')
+        base_path = os.environ.get(
+            "XDG_CACHE_HOME", None
+        ) or os.path.expanduser('~/.cache')
         return os.path.join(base_path, 'python-entrypoints')
 
     # Mac OS
@@ -46,8 +47,9 @@ def _get_cache_dir():
 
     # Windows (hopefully)
     else:
-        base_path = os.environ.get('LOCALAPPDATA', None) \
-            or os.path.expanduser('~\\AppData\\Local')
+        base_path = os.environ.get('LOCALAPPDATA', None) or os.path.expanduser(
+            '~\\AppData\\Local'
+        )
         return os.path.join(base_path, 'Python Entry Points')
 
 
@@ -82,12 +84,8 @@ def _hash_settings_for_path(path):
         paths.append((entry, mtime))
 
         for ep_file in itertools.chain(
-                glob.iglob(os.path.join(entry,
-                                        '*.dist-info',
-                                        'entry_points.txt')),
-                glob.iglob(os.path.join(entry,
-                                        '*.egg-info',
-                                        'entry_points.txt'))
+            glob.iglob(os.path.join(entry, '*.dist-info', 'entry_points.txt')),
+            glob.iglob(os.path.join(entry, '*.egg-info', 'entry_points.txt')),
         ):
             mtime = _get_mtime(ep_file)
             h.update(ep_file.encode('utf-8'))
@@ -132,7 +130,6 @@ def _build_cacheable_data():
 
 
 class Cache:
-
     def __init__(self, cache_dir=None):
         if cache_dir is None:
             cache_dir = _get_cache_dir()
@@ -143,8 +140,12 @@ class Cache:
         # Caching can be disabled by either placing .disable file into the
         # target directory or when python executable is under /tmp (this is the
         # case when executed from ansible)
-        if any([os.path.isfile(os.path.join(self._dir, '.disable')),
-                sys.executable[0:4] == '/tmp']):  # nosec B108
+        if any(
+            [
+                os.path.isfile(os.path.join(self._dir, '.disable')),
+                sys.executable[0:4] == '/tmp',  # nosec B108,
+            ]
+        ):
             self._disable_caching = True
 
     def _get_data_for_path(self, path):
@@ -196,8 +197,7 @@ class Cache:
         for name, ep in self.get_group_named(group, path=path).items():
             if name == name:
                 return ep
-        raise ValueError('No entrypoint {!r} in group {!r}'.format(
-            group, name))
+        raise ValueError(f'No entrypoint {group!r} in group {name!r}')
 
 
 _c = Cache()
diff --git a/stevedore/dispatch.py b/stevedore/dispatch.py
index 137f5c7..adeec55 100644
--- a/stevedore/dispatch.py
+++ b/stevedore/dispatch.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class DispatchExtensionManager(EnabledExtensionManager):
         """
         if not self.extensions:
             # FIXME: Use a more specific exception class here.
-            raise NoMatches('No %s extensions found' % self.namespace)
+            raise NoMatches(f'No {self.namespace} extensions found')
         response = []
         for e in self.extensions:
             if filter_func(e, *args, **kwds):
@@ -107,8 +107,13 @@ class DispatchExtensionManager(EnabledExtensionManager):
         :param kwds: Keyword arguments to pass to method
         :returns: List of values returned from methods
         """
-        return self.map(filter_func, self._call_extension_method,
-                        method_name, *args, **kwds)
+        return self.map(
+            filter_func,
+            self._call_extension_method,
+            method_name,
+            *args,
+            **kwds,
+        )
 
 
 class NameDispatchExtensionManager(DispatchExtensionManager):
@@ -152,11 +157,17 @@ class NameDispatchExtensionManager(DispatchExtensionManager):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, namespace, check_func, invoke_on_load=False,
-                 invoke_args=(), invoke_kwds={},
-                 propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                 on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                 verify_requirements=False):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        check_func,
+        invoke_on_load=False,
+        invoke_args=(),
+        invoke_kwds={},
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+    ):
         super().__init__(
             namespace=namespace,
             check_func=check_func,
@@ -225,5 +236,6 @@ class NameDispatchExtensionManager(DispatchExtensionManager):
         :param kwds: Keyword arguments to pass to method
         :returns: List of values returned from methods
         """
-        return self.map(names, self._call_extension_method,
-                        method_name, *args, **kwds)
+        return self.map(
+            names, self._call_extension_method, method_name, *args, **kwds
+        )
diff --git a/stevedore/driver.py b/stevedore/driver.py
index d8e39a2..606daa4 100644
--- a/stevedore/driver.py
+++ b/stevedore/driver.py
@@ -44,13 +44,20 @@ class DriverManager(NamedExtensionManager):
     :type warn_on_missing_entrypoint: bool
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, namespace, name,
-                 invoke_on_load=False, invoke_args=(), invoke_kwds={},
-                 on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                 verify_requirements=False,
-                 warn_on_missing_entrypoint=True):
-        on_load_failure_callback = on_load_failure_callback \
-            or self._default_on_load_failure
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        name,
+        invoke_on_load=False,
+        invoke_args=(),
+        invoke_kwds={},
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+        warn_on_missing_entrypoint=True,
+    ):
+        on_load_failure_callback = (
+            on_load_failure_callback or self._default_on_load_failure
+        )
         super().__init__(
             namespace=namespace,
             names=[name],
@@ -59,7 +66,7 @@ class DriverManager(NamedExtensionManager):
             invoke_kwds=invoke_kwds,
             on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
             verify_requirements=verify_requirements,
-            warn_on_missing_entrypoint=warn_on_missing_entrypoint
+            warn_on_missing_entrypoint=warn_on_missing_entrypoint,
         )
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -67,10 +74,14 @@ class DriverManager(NamedExtensionManager):
         raise
 
     @classmethod
-    def make_test_instance(cls, extension, namespace='TESTING',
-                           propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                           on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                           verify_requirements=False):
+    def make_test_instance(
+        cls,
+        extension,
+        namespace='TESTING',
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+    ):
         """Construct a test DriverManager
 
         Test instances are passed a list of extensions to work from rather
@@ -99,10 +110,12 @@ class DriverManager(NamedExtensionManager):
         """
 
         o = super().make_test_instance(
-            [extension], namespace=namespace,
+            [extension],
+            namespace=namespace,
             propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
             on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
-            verify_requirements=verify_requirements)
+            verify_requirements=verify_requirements,
+        )
         return o
 
     def _init_plugins(self, extensions):
@@ -110,14 +123,18 @@ class DriverManager(NamedExtensionManager):
 
         if not self.extensions:
             name = self._names[0]
-            raise NoMatches('No %r driver found, looking for %r' %
-                            (self.namespace, name))
+            raise NoMatches(
+                f'No {self.namespace!r} driver found, looking for {name!r}'
+            )
         if len(self.extensions) > 1:
-            discovered_drivers = ','.join(e.entry_point_target
-                                          for e in self.extensions)
+            discovered_drivers = ','.join(
+                e.entry_point_target for e in self.extensions
+            )
 
-            raise MultipleMatches('Multiple %r drivers found: %s' %
-                                  (self.namespace, discovered_drivers))
+            raise MultipleMatches(
+                f'Multiple {self.namespace!r} drivers found: '
+                f'{discovered_drivers}'
+            )
 
     def __call__(self, func, *args, **kwds):
         """Invokes func() for the single loaded extension.
diff --git a/stevedore/enabled.py b/stevedore/enabled.py
index b5bbe19..5cadcd0 100644
--- a/stevedore/enabled.py
+++ b/stevedore/enabled.py
@@ -56,11 +56,17 @@ class EnabledExtensionManager(ExtensionManager):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, namespace, check_func, invoke_on_load=False,
-                 invoke_args=(), invoke_kwds={},
-                 propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                 on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                 verify_requirements=False,):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        check_func,
+        invoke_on_load=False,
+        invoke_args=(),
+        invoke_kwds={},
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+    ):
         self.check_func = check_func
         super().__init__(
             namespace,
@@ -72,11 +78,11 @@ class EnabledExtensionManager(ExtensionManager):
             verify_requirements=verify_requirements,
         )
 
-    def _load_one_plugin(self, ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds,
-                         verify_requirements):
+    def _load_one_plugin(
+        self, ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
+    ):
         ext = super()._load_one_plugin(
-            ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds,
-            verify_requirements,
+            ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
         )
         if ext and not self.check_func(ext):
             LOG.debug('ignoring extension %r', ep.name)
diff --git a/stevedore/example/base.py b/stevedore/example/base.py
index 736f1f7..f87700d 100644
--- a/stevedore/example/base.py
+++ b/stevedore/example/base.py
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ import abc
 
 
 class FormatterBase(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
-    """Base class for example plugin used in the tutorial.
-    """
+    """Base class for example plugin used in the tutorial."""
 
     def __init__(self, max_width=60):
         self.max_width = max_width
diff --git a/stevedore/example/load_as_driver.py b/stevedore/example/load_as_driver.py
index a3de5df..a216e9d 100644
--- a/stevedore/example/load_as_driver.py
+++ b/stevedore/example/load_as_driver.py
@@ -20,24 +20,14 @@ from stevedore import driver
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
     parser.add_argument(
-        'format',
-        nargs='?',
-        default='simple',
-        help='the output format',
+        'format', nargs='?', default='simple', help='the output format'
     )
     parser.add_argument(
-        '--width',
-        default=60,
-        type=int,
-        help='maximum output width for text',
+        '--width', default=60, type=int, help='maximum output width for text'
     )
     parsed_args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    data = {
-        'a': 'A',
-        'b': 'B',
-        'long': 'word ' * 80,
-    }
+    data = {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'long': 'word ' * 80}
 
     mgr = driver.DriverManager(
         namespace='stevedore.example.formatter',
diff --git a/stevedore/example/load_as_extension.py b/stevedore/example/load_as_extension.py
index 2e3892a..21793c7 100644
--- a/stevedore/example/load_as_extension.py
+++ b/stevedore/example/load_as_extension.py
@@ -20,18 +20,11 @@ from stevedore import extension
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
     parser.add_argument(
-        '--width',
-        default=60,
-        type=int,
-        help='maximum output width for text',
+        '--width', default=60, type=int, help='maximum output width for text'
     )
     parsed_args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    data = {
-        'a': 'A',
-        'b': 'B',
-        'long': 'word ' * 80,
-    }
+    data = {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'long': 'word ' * 80}
 
     mgr = extension.ExtensionManager(
         namespace='stevedore.example.formatter',
diff --git a/stevedore/example/setup.py b/stevedore/example/setup.py
index c0ea667..590611b 100644
--- a/stevedore/example/setup.py
+++ b/stevedore/example/setup.py
@@ -18,41 +18,31 @@ from setuptools import setup
 setup(
     name='stevedore-examples',
     version='1.0',
-
     description='Demonstration package for stevedore',
-
     author='Doug Hellmann',
     author_email='doug@doughellmann.com',
-
     url='http://opendev.org/openstack/stevedore',
-
-    classifiers=['Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
-                 'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
-                 'Intended Audience :: Developers',
-                 'Environment :: Console',
-                 ],
-
+    classifiers=[
+        'Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
+        'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
+        'Programming Language :: Python',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
+        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
+        'Environment :: Console',
+    ],
     platforms=['Any'],
-
     scripts=[],
-
-    provides=['stevedore.examples',
-              ],
-
+    provides=['stevedore.examples'],
     packages=find_packages(),
     include_package_data=True,
-
     entry_points={
         'stevedore.example.formatter': [
             'simple = stevedore.example.simple:Simple',
             'plain = stevedore.example.simple:Simple',
-        ],
+        ]
     },
-
     zip_safe=False,
 )
diff --git a/stevedore/example/simple.py b/stevedore/example/simple.py
index 0cc3acd..f59577f 100644
--- a/stevedore/example/simple.py
+++ b/stevedore/example/simple.py
@@ -25,8 +25,5 @@ class Simple(base.FormatterBase):
         :type data: dict(str:?)
         """
         for name, value in sorted(data.items()):
-            line = '{name} = {value}\n'.format(
-                name=name,
-                value=value,
-            )
+            line = f'{name} = {value}\n'
             yield line
diff --git a/stevedore/example2/fields.py b/stevedore/example2/fields.py
index 9a20b80..93272f5 100644
--- a/stevedore/example2/fields.py
+++ b/stevedore/example2/fields.py
@@ -37,10 +37,7 @@ class FieldList(base.FormatterBase):
         :type data: dict(str:?)
         """
         for name, value in sorted(data.items()):
-            full_text = ': {name} : {value}'.format(
-                name=name,
-                value=value,
-            )
+            full_text = f': {name} : {value}'
             wrapped_text = textwrap.fill(
                 full_text,
                 initial_indent='',
diff --git a/stevedore/example2/setup.py b/stevedore/example2/setup.py
index 2293c66..2573cc1 100644
--- a/stevedore/example2/setup.py
+++ b/stevedore/example2/setup.py
@@ -18,40 +18,30 @@ from setuptools import setup
 setup(
     name='stevedore-examples2',
     version='1.0',
-
     description='Demonstration package for stevedore',
-
     author='Doug Hellmann',
     author_email='doug@doughellmann.com',
-
     url='http://opendev.org/openstack/stevedore',
-
-    classifiers=['Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
-                 'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-                 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
-                 'Intended Audience :: Developers',
-                 'Environment :: Console',
-                 ],
-
+    classifiers=[
+        'Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',
+        'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
+        'Programming Language :: Python',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
+        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
+        'Environment :: Console',
+    ],
     platforms=['Any'],
-
     scripts=[],
-
-    provides=['stevedore.examples2',
-              ],
-
+    provides=['stevedore.examples2'],
     packages=find_packages(),
     include_package_data=True,
-
     entry_points={
         'stevedore.example.formatter': [
-            'field = stevedore.example2.fields:FieldList',
-        ],
+            'field = stevedore.example2.fields:FieldList'
+        ]
     },
-
     zip_safe=False,
 )
diff --git a/stevedore/extension.py b/stevedore/extension.py
index 900775b..c96c57f 100644
--- a/stevedore/extension.py
+++ b/stevedore/extension.py
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@
 #  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 
-"""ExtensionManager
-"""
+"""ExtensionManager"""
 
 import logging
 import operator
@@ -104,28 +103,35 @@ class ExtensionManager:
     :type verify_requirements: bool
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, namespace,
-                 invoke_on_load=False,
-                 invoke_args=(),
-                 invoke_kwds={},
-                 propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                 on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                 verify_requirements=False):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        invoke_on_load=False,
+        invoke_args=(),
+        invoke_kwds={},
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+    ):
         self._init_attributes(
             namespace,
             propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
-            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback)
-        extensions = self._load_plugins(invoke_on_load,
-                                        invoke_args,
-                                        invoke_kwds,
-                                        verify_requirements)
+            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
+        )
+        extensions = self._load_plugins(
+            invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
+        )
         self._init_plugins(extensions)
 
     @classmethod
-    def make_test_instance(cls, extensions, namespace='TESTING',
-                           propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                           on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                           verify_requirements=False):
+    def make_test_instance(
+        cls,
+        extensions,
+        namespace='TESTING',
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+    ):
         """Construct a test ExtensionManager
 
         Test instances are passed a list of extensions to work from rather
@@ -154,14 +160,20 @@ class ExtensionManager:
         """
 
         o = cls.__new__(cls)
-        o._init_attributes(namespace,
-                           propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
-                           on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback)
+        o._init_attributes(
+            namespace,
+            propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
+            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
+        )
         o._init_plugins(extensions)
         return o
 
-    def _init_attributes(self, namespace, propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                         on_load_failure_callback=None):
+    def _init_attributes(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+    ):
         self.namespace = namespace
         self.propagate_map_exceptions = propagate_map_exceptions
         self._on_load_failure_callback = on_load_failure_callback
@@ -197,18 +209,20 @@ class ExtensionManager:
         """Return the list of entry points names for this namespace."""
         return list(map(operator.attrgetter("name"), self.list_entry_points()))
 
-    def _load_plugins(self, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds,
-                      verify_requirements):
+    def _load_plugins(
+        self, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
+    ):
         extensions = []
         for ep in self.list_entry_points():
             LOG.debug('found extension %r', ep)
             try:
-                ext = self._load_one_plugin(ep,
-                                            invoke_on_load,
-                                            invoke_args,
-                                            invoke_kwds,
-                                            verify_requirements,
-                                            )
+                ext = self._load_one_plugin(
+                    ep,
+                    invoke_on_load,
+                    invoke_args,
+                    invoke_kwds,
+                    verify_requirements,
+                )
                 if ext:
                     extensions.append(ext)
             except (KeyboardInterrupt, AssertionError):
@@ -224,12 +238,17 @@ class ExtensionManager:
                     # enough to debug that.  If debug logging is
                     # enabled for our logger, provide the full
                     # traceback.
-                    LOG.error('Could not load %r: %s', ep.name, err,
-                              exc_info=LOG.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG))
+                    LOG.error(
+                        'Could not load %r: %s',
+                        ep.name,
+                        err,
+                        exc_info=LOG.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG),
+                    )
         return extensions
 
-    def _load_one_plugin(self, ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds,
-                         verify_requirements):
+    def _load_one_plugin(
+        self, ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
+    ):
         # NOTE(dhellmann): Using require=False is deprecated in
         # setuptools 11.3.
         if hasattr(ep, 'resolve') and hasattr(ep, 'require'):
@@ -273,7 +292,7 @@ class ExtensionManager:
         """
         if not self.extensions:
             # FIXME: Use a more specific exception class here.
-            raise NoMatches('No %s extensions found' % self.namespace)
+            raise NoMatches(f'No {self.namespace} extensions found')
         response = []
         for e in self.extensions:
             self._invoke_one_plugin(response.append, func, e, args, kwds)
@@ -302,8 +321,9 @@ class ExtensionManager:
         :param kwds: Keyword arguments to pass to method
         :returns: List of values returned from methods
         """
-        return self.map(self._call_extension_method,
-                        method_name, *args, **kwds)
+        return self.map(
+            self._call_extension_method, method_name, *args, **kwds
+        )
 
     def _invoke_one_plugin(self, response_callback, func, e, args, kwds):
         try:
diff --git a/stevedore/hook.py b/stevedore/hook.py
index 51ee719..c6f5b65 100644
--- a/stevedore/hook.py
+++ b/stevedore/hook.py
@@ -47,15 +47,21 @@ class HookManager(NamedExtensionManager):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, namespace, name,
-                 invoke_on_load=False, invoke_args=(), invoke_kwds={},
-                 on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                 verify_requirements=False,
-                 on_missing_entrypoints_callback=None,
-                 # NOTE(dhellmann): This default is different from the
-                 # base class because for hooks it is less likely to
-                 # be an error to have no entry points present.
-                 warn_on_missing_entrypoint=False):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        name,
+        invoke_on_load=False,
+        invoke_args=(),
+        invoke_kwds={},
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+        on_missing_entrypoints_callback=None,
+        # NOTE(dhellmann): This default is different from the
+        # base class because for hooks it is less likely to
+        # be an error to have no entry points present.
+        warn_on_missing_entrypoint=False,
+    ):
         super().__init__(
             namespace,
             [name],
@@ -68,13 +74,20 @@ class HookManager(NamedExtensionManager):
             warn_on_missing_entrypoint=warn_on_missing_entrypoint,
         )
 
-    def _init_attributes(self, namespace, names, name_order=False,
-                         propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                         on_load_failure_callback=None):
+    def _init_attributes(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        names,
+        name_order=False,
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+    ):
         super()._init_attributes(
-            namespace, names,
+            namespace,
+            names,
             propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
-            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback)
+            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
+        )
         self._name = names[0]
 
     def __getitem__(self, name):
diff --git a/stevedore/named.py b/stevedore/named.py
index 14cb9bd..696d4fe 100644
--- a/stevedore/named.py
+++ b/stevedore/named.py
@@ -64,35 +64,49 @@ class NamedExtensionManager(ExtensionManager):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, namespace, names,
-                 invoke_on_load=False, invoke_args=(), invoke_kwds={},
-                 name_order=False, propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                 on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                 on_missing_entrypoints_callback=None,
-                 verify_requirements=False,
-                 warn_on_missing_entrypoint=True):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        names,
+        invoke_on_load=False,
+        invoke_args=(),
+        invoke_kwds={},
+        name_order=False,
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        on_missing_entrypoints_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+        warn_on_missing_entrypoint=True,
+    ):
         self._init_attributes(
-            namespace, names, name_order=name_order,
+            namespace,
+            names,
+            name_order=name_order,
             propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
-            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback)
-        extensions = self._load_plugins(invoke_on_load,
-                                        invoke_args,
-                                        invoke_kwds,
-                                        verify_requirements)
+            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
+        )
+        extensions = self._load_plugins(
+            invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
+        )
         self._missing_names = set(names) - {e.name for e in extensions}
         if self._missing_names:
             if on_missing_entrypoints_callback:
                 on_missing_entrypoints_callback(self._missing_names)
             elif warn_on_missing_entrypoint:
-                LOG.warning('Could not load %s' %
-                            ', '.join(self._missing_names))
+                LOG.warning(
+                    'Could not load {}'.format(', '.join(self._missing_names))
+                )
         self._init_plugins(extensions)
 
     @classmethod
-    def make_test_instance(cls, extensions, namespace='TESTING',
-                           propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                           on_load_failure_callback=None,
-                           verify_requirements=False):
+    def make_test_instance(
+        cls,
+        extensions,
+        namespace='TESTING',
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+        verify_requirements=False,
+    ):
         """Construct a test NamedExtensionManager
 
         Test instances are passed a list of extensions to use rather than
@@ -122,18 +136,28 @@ class NamedExtensionManager(ExtensionManager):
 
         o = cls.__new__(cls)
         names = [e.name for e in extensions]
-        o._init_attributes(namespace, names,
-                           propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
-                           on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback)
+        o._init_attributes(
+            namespace,
+            names,
+            propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
+            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
+        )
         o._init_plugins(extensions)
         return o
 
-    def _init_attributes(self, namespace, names, name_order=False,
-                         propagate_map_exceptions=False,
-                         on_load_failure_callback=None):
+    def _init_attributes(
+        self,
+        namespace,
+        names,
+        name_order=False,
+        propagate_map_exceptions=False,
+        on_load_failure_callback=None,
+    ):
         super()._init_attributes(
-            namespace, propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
-            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback)
+            namespace,
+            propagate_map_exceptions=propagate_map_exceptions,
+            on_load_failure_callback=on_load_failure_callback,
+        )
 
         self._names = names
         self._missing_names = set()
@@ -143,17 +167,18 @@ class NamedExtensionManager(ExtensionManager):
         super()._init_plugins(extensions)
 
         if self._name_order:
-            self.extensions = [self[n] for n in self._names
-                               if n not in self._missing_names]
+            self.extensions = [
+                self[n] for n in self._names if n not in self._missing_names
+            ]
 
-    def _load_one_plugin(self, ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds,
-                         verify_requirements):
+    def _load_one_plugin(
+        self, ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
+    ):
         # Check the name before going any further to prevent
         # undesirable code from being loaded at all if we are not
         # going to use it.
         if ep.name not in self._names:
             return None
         return super()._load_one_plugin(
-            ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds,
-            verify_requirements,
+            ep, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds, verify_requirements
         )
diff --git a/stevedore/sphinxext.py b/stevedore/sphinxext.py
index 5e1636a..70f11c0 100644
--- a/stevedore/sphinxext.py
+++ b/stevedore/sphinxext.py
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ def _simple_list(mgr):
         ext = mgr[name]
         doc = _get_docstring(ext.plugin) or '\n'
         summary = doc.splitlines()[0].strip()
-        yield (f'* {ext.name} -- {summary}',
-               ext.module_name)
+        yield (f'* {ext.name} -- {summary}', ext.module_name)
 
 
 def _detailed_list(mgr, over='', under='-', titlecase=False):
@@ -54,9 +53,8 @@ def _detailed_list(mgr, over='', under='-', titlecase=False):
             yield (doc, ext.module_name)
         else:
             yield (
-                '.. warning:: No documentation found for {} in {}'.format(
-                    ext.name, ext.entry_point_target,
-                ),
+                f'.. warning:: No documentation found for {ext.name} in '
+                f'{ext.entry_point_target}',
                 ext.module_name,
             )
         yield ('\n', ext.module_name)
@@ -77,7 +75,7 @@ class ListPluginsDirective(rst.Directive):
 
     def run(self):
         namespace = ' '.join(self.content).strip()
-        LOG.info('documenting plugins from %r' % namespace)
+        LOG.info(f'documenting plugins from {namespace!r}')
         overline_style = self.options.get('overline-style', '')
         underline_style = self.options.get('underline-style', '=')
 
@@ -85,8 +83,7 @@ class ListPluginsDirective(rst.Directive):
             LOG.warning(f'Failed to load {ep.module}: {err}')
 
         mgr = extension.ExtensionManager(
-            namespace,
-            on_load_failure_callback=report_load_failure,
+            namespace, on_load_failure_callback=report_load_failure
         )
 
         result = ViewList()
@@ -95,8 +92,11 @@ class ListPluginsDirective(rst.Directive):
 
         if 'detailed' in self.options:
             data = _detailed_list(
-                mgr, over=overline_style, under=underline_style,
-                titlecase=titlecase)
+                mgr,
+                over=overline_style,
+                under=underline_style,
+                titlecase=titlecase,
+            )
         else:
             data = _simple_list(mgr)
         for text, source in data:
@@ -114,7 +114,4 @@ class ListPluginsDirective(rst.Directive):
 def setup(app):
     LOG.info('loading stevedore.sphinxext')
     app.add_directive('list-plugins', ListPluginsDirective)
-    return {
-        'parallel_read_safe': True,
-        'parallel_write_safe': True,
-    }
+    return {'parallel_read_safe': True, 'parallel_write_safe': True}
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/manager.py b/stevedore/tests/manager.py
index 69fe29c..42427a9 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/manager.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/manager.py
@@ -48,20 +48,20 @@ class TestExtensionManager(extension.ExtensionManager):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, extensions,
-                 namespace='test',
-                 invoke_on_load=False,
-                 invoke_args=(),
-                 invoke_kwds={}):
-        super().__init__(namespace,
-                         invoke_on_load,
-                         invoke_args,
-                         invoke_kwds,
-                         )
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        extensions,
+        namespace='test',
+        invoke_on_load=False,
+        invoke_args=(),
+        invoke_kwds={},
+    ):
+        super().__init__(namespace, invoke_on_load, invoke_args, invoke_kwds)
         self.extensions = extensions
         warnings.warn(
             'TestExtesionManager has been replaced by make_test_instance()',
-            DeprecationWarning)
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
 
     def _load_plugins(self, *args, **kwds):
         return []
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_cache.py b/stevedore/tests/test_cache.py
index 0c5af67..ee01e70 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_cache.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_cache.py
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
 #  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 
-"""Tests for stevedore._cache
-"""
+"""Tests for stevedore._cache"""
+
 import sys
 
 from unittest import mock
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ from stevedore.tests import utils
 
 
 class TestCache(utils.TestCase):
-
     def test_disable_caching_executable(self):
         """Test caching is disabled if python interpreter is located under /tmp
         directory (Ansible)
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ class TestCache(utils.TestCase):
         with mock.patch('os.path.isfile') as mock_path:
             mock_path.return_value = True
             sot = _cache.Cache()
-            mock_path.assert_called_with('%s/.disable' % cache_dir)
+            mock_path.assert_called_with(f'{cache_dir}/.disable')
             self.assertTrue(sot._disable_caching)
 
             mock_path.return_value = False
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_callback.py b/stevedore/tests/test_callback.py
index 75026f7..69d878c 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_callback.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_callback.py
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
 #  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 
-"""Tests for failure loading callback
-"""
+"""Tests for failure loading callback"""
+
 from unittest import mock
 
 from testtools.matchers import GreaterThan
@@ -28,10 +28,11 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         def failure_callback(manager, entrypoint, error):
             errors.append((manager, entrypoint, error))
 
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        on_load_failure_callback=
-                                        failure_callback)
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension',
+            invoke_on_load=True,
+            on_load_failure_callback=failure_callback,
+        )
         extensions = list(em.extensions)
         self.assertTrue(len(extensions), GreaterThan(0))
         self.assertEqual(len(errors), 2)
@@ -46,11 +47,11 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         def callback(names):
             errors.update(names)
 
-        load_fn.return_value = [
-            extension.Extension('foo', None, None, None)
-        ]
-        named.NamedExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                    names=['foo', 'bar'],
-                                    invoke_on_load=True,
-                                    on_missing_entrypoints_callback=callback)
+        load_fn.return_value = [extension.Extension('foo', None, None, None)]
+        named.NamedExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension',
+            names=['foo', 'bar'],
+            invoke_on_load=True,
+            on_missing_entrypoints_callback=callback,
+        )
         self.assertEqual(errors, {'bar'})
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_dispatch.py b/stevedore/tests/test_dispatch.py
index 5b9569f..086de6d 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_dispatch.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_dispatch.py
@@ -23,58 +23,54 @@ class TestDispatch(utils.TestCase):
         return ep.name == 't2'
 
     def test_dispatch(self):
-
         def invoke(ep, *args, **kwds):
             return (ep.name, args, kwds)
 
-        em = dispatch.DispatchExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                               lambda *args, **kwds: True,
-                                               invoke_on_load=True,
-                                               invoke_args=('a',),
-                                               invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
-                                               )
+        em = dispatch.DispatchExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension',
+            lambda *args, **kwds: True,
+            invoke_on_load=True,
+            invoke_args=('a',),
+            invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
+        )
         self.assertEqual(len(em.extensions), 2)
         self.assertEqual(set(em.names()), {'t1', 't2'})
 
-        results = em.map(check_dispatch,
-                         invoke,
-                         'first',
-                         named='named value',
-                         )
+        results = em.map(check_dispatch, invoke, 'first', named='named value')
         expected = [('t2', ('first',), {'named': 'named value'})]
         self.assertEqual(results, expected)
 
     def test_dispatch_map_method(self):
-        em = dispatch.DispatchExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                               lambda *args, **kwds: True,
-                                               invoke_on_load=True,
-                                               invoke_args=('a',),
-                                               invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
-                                               )
+        em = dispatch.DispatchExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension',
+            lambda *args, **kwds: True,
+            invoke_on_load=True,
+            invoke_args=('a',),
+            invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
+        )
 
         results = em.map_method(check_dispatch, 'get_args_and_data', 'first')
         self.assertEqual(results, [(('a',), {'b': 'B'}, 'first')])
 
     def test_name_dispatch(self):
-
         def invoke(ep, *args, **kwds):
             return (ep.name, args, kwds)
 
-        em = dispatch.NameDispatchExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                                   lambda *args, **kwds: True,
-                                                   invoke_on_load=True,
-                                                   invoke_args=('a',),
-                                                   invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
-                                                   )
+        em = dispatch.NameDispatchExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension',
+            lambda *args, **kwds: True,
+            invoke_on_load=True,
+            invoke_args=('a',),
+            invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
+        )
         self.assertEqual(len(em.extensions), 2)
         self.assertEqual(set(em.names()), {'t1', 't2'})
 
-        results = em.map(['t2'], invoke, 'first', named='named value',)
+        results = em.map(['t2'], invoke, 'first', named='named value')
         expected = [('t2', ('first',), {'named': 'named value'})]
         self.assertEqual(results, expected)
 
     def test_name_dispatch_ignore_missing(self):
-
         def invoke(ep, *args, **kwds):
             return (ep.name, args, kwds)
 
@@ -86,7 +82,7 @@ class TestDispatch(utils.TestCase):
             invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
         )
 
-        results = em.map(['t3', 't1'], invoke, 'first', named='named value',)
+        results = em.map(['t3', 't1'], invoke, 'first', named='named value')
         expected = [('t1', ('first',), {'named': 'named value'})]
         self.assertEqual(results, expected)
 
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_driver.py b/stevedore/tests/test_driver.py
index 622c171..b9f3777 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_driver.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_driver.py
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@
 #  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 
-"""Tests for stevedore.extension
-"""
+"""Tests for stevedore.extension"""
 
 import importlib.metadata as importlib_metadata
 
@@ -31,19 +30,22 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
     def test_call(self):
         def invoke(ext, *args, **kwds):
             return (ext.name, args, kwds)
+
         em = driver.DriverManager('stevedore.test.extension', 't1')
         result = em(invoke, 'a', b='C')
         self.assertEqual(result, ('t1', ('a',), {'b': 'C'}))
 
     def test_driver_property_not_invoked_on_load(self):
-        em = driver.DriverManager('stevedore.test.extension', 't1',
-                                  invoke_on_load=False)
+        em = driver.DriverManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension', 't1', invoke_on_load=False
+        )
         d = em.driver
         self.assertIs(d, test_extension.FauxExtension)
 
     def test_driver_property_invoked_on_load(self):
-        em = driver.DriverManager('stevedore.test.extension', 't1',
-                                  invoke_on_load=True)
+        em = driver.DriverManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension', 't1', invoke_on_load=True
+        )
         d = em.driver
         self.assertIsInstance(d, test_extension.FauxExtension)
 
@@ -51,8 +53,9 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         try:
             driver.DriverManager('stevedore.test.extension.none', 't1')
         except exception.NoMatches as err:
-            self.assertIn("No 'stevedore.test.extension.none' driver found",
-                          str(err))
+            self.assertIn(
+                "No 'stevedore.test.extension.none' driver found", str(err)
+            )
 
     def test_bad_driver(self):
         try:
@@ -69,14 +72,16 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
             extension.Extension(
                 'backend',
                 importlib_metadata.EntryPoint(
-                    'backend', 'pkg1:driver', 'backend'),
+                    'backend', 'pkg1:driver', 'backend'
+                ),
                 'pkg backend',
                 None,
             ),
             extension.Extension(
                 'backend',
                 importlib_metadata.EntryPoint(
-                    'backend', 'pkg2:driver', 'backend'),
+                    'backend', 'pkg2:driver', 'backend'
+                ),
                 'pkg backend',
                 None,
             ),
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_enabled.py b/stevedore/tests/test_enabled.py
index 32cd199..784d0c8 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_enabled.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_enabled.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ class TestEnabled(utils.TestCase):
     def test_enabled(self):
         def check_enabled(ep):
             return ep.name == 't2'
+
         em = enabled.EnabledExtensionManager(
             'stevedore.test.extension',
             check_enabled,
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ class TestEnabled(utils.TestCase):
     def test_enabled_after_load(self):
         def check_enabled(ext):
             return ext.obj and ext.name == 't2'
+
         em = enabled.EnabledExtensionManager(
             'stevedore.test.extension',
             check_enabled,
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_example_fields.py b/stevedore/tests/test_example_fields.py
index 757917c..8eacfd8 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_example_fields.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_example_fields.py
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@
 #  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 
-"""Tests for stevedore.example2.fields
-"""
+"""Tests for stevedore.example2.fields"""
 
 from stevedore.example2 import fields
 from stevedore.tests import utils
@@ -21,21 +20,20 @@ class TestExampleFields(utils.TestCase):
     def test_simple_items(self):
         f = fields.FieldList(100)
         text = ''.join(f.format({'a': 'A', 'b': 'B'}))
-        expected = '\n'.join([
-            ': a : A',
-            ': b : B',
-            '',
-        ])
+        expected = '\n'.join([': a : A', ': b : B', ''])
         self.assertEqual(text, expected)
 
     def test_long_item(self):
         f = fields.FieldList(25)
-        text = ''.join(f.format({'name':
-                       'a value longer than the allowed width'}))
-        expected = '\n'.join([
-            ': name : a value longer',
-            '    than the allowed',
-            '    width',
-            '',
-        ])
+        text = ''.join(
+            f.format({'name': 'a value longer than the allowed width'})
+        )
+        expected = '\n'.join(
+            [
+                ': name : a value longer',
+                '    than the allowed',
+                '    width',
+                '',
+            ]
+        )
         self.assertEqual(text, expected)
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_example_simple.py b/stevedore/tests/test_example_simple.py
index 382ed89..0025753 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_example_simple.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_example_simple.py
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@
 #  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 
-"""Tests for stevedore.example.simple
-"""
+"""Tests for stevedore.example.simple"""
 
 from stevedore.example import simple
 from stevedore.tests import utils
@@ -21,9 +20,5 @@ class TestExampleSimple(utils.TestCase):
     def test_simple_items(self):
         f = simple.Simple(100)
         text = ''.join(f.format({'a': 'A', 'b': 'B'}))
-        expected = '\n'.join([
-            'a = A',
-            'b = B',
-            '',
-        ])
+        expected = '\n'.join(['a = A', 'b = B', ''])
         self.assertEqual(text, expected)
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_extension.py b/stevedore/tests/test_extension.py
index add122b..f812cc3 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_extension.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_extension.py
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@
 #  License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 
-"""Tests for stevedore.extension
-"""
+"""Tests for stevedore.extension"""
 
 import importlib.metadata as importlib_metadata
 import operator
@@ -54,8 +53,9 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
     def test_list_entry_points(self):
         em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension')
         n = em.list_entry_points()
-        self.assertEqual({'e1', 'e2', 't1', 't2'},
-                         set(map(operator.attrgetter("name"), n)))
+        self.assertEqual(
+            {'e1', 'e2', 't1', 't2'}, set(map(operator.attrgetter("name"), n))
+        )
         self.assertEqual(4, len(n))
 
     def test_list_entry_points_names(self):
@@ -101,9 +101,10 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         # to find the plugins.
         cache = extension.ExtensionManager.ENTRY_POINT_CACHE
         cache['stevedore.test.faux'] = []
-        with mock.patch('stevedore._cache.get_group_all',
-                        side_effect=
-                        AssertionError('called get_group_all')):
+        with mock.patch(
+            'stevedore._cache.get_group_all',
+            side_effect=AssertionError('called get_group_all'),
+        ):
             em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.faux')
             names = em.names()
         self.assertEqual(names, [])
@@ -114,11 +115,12 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(names, ALL_NAMES)
 
     def test_invoke_on_load(self):
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        invoke_args=('a',),
-                                        invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
-                                        )
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension',
+            invoke_on_load=True,
+            invoke_args=('a',),
+            invoke_kwds={'b': 'B'},
+        )
         self.assertEqual(len(em.extensions), 2)
         for e in em.extensions:
             self.assertEqual(e.obj.args, ('a',))
@@ -128,9 +130,9 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         def mapped(ext, *args, **kwds):
             return ext.name
 
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        )
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension', invoke_on_load=True
+        )
         results = em.map(mapped)
         self.assertEqual(sorted(results), WORKING_NAMES)
 
@@ -140,9 +142,9 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         def mapped(ext, *args, **kwds):
             objs.append((ext, args, kwds))
 
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        )
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension', invoke_on_load=True
+        )
         em.map(mapped, 1, 2, a='A', b='B')
         self.assertEqual(len(objs), 2)
         names = sorted([o[0].name for o in objs])
@@ -155,9 +157,9 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         def mapped(ext, *args, **kwds):
             raise RuntimeError('hard coded error')
 
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        )
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension', invoke_on_load=True
+        )
         results = em.map(mapped, 1, 2, a='A', b='B')
         self.assertEqual(results, [])
 
@@ -165,10 +167,11 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         def mapped(ext, *args, **kwds):
             raise RuntimeError('hard coded error')
 
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        propagate_map_exceptions=True
-                                        )
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension',
+            invoke_on_load=True,
+            propagate_map_exceptions=True,
+        )
 
         try:
             em.map(mapped, 1, 2, a='A', b='B')
@@ -182,18 +185,18 @@ class TestCallback(utils.TestCase):
         def mapped(ext, *args, **kwds):
             pass
 
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension.none',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        )
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension.none', invoke_on_load=True
+        )
         try:
             em.map(mapped, 1, 2, a='A', b='B')
         except exception.NoMatches as err:
             self.assertEqual(expected_str, str(err))
 
     def test_map_method(self):
-        em = extension.ExtensionManager('stevedore.test.extension',
-                                        invoke_on_load=True,
-                                        )
+        em = extension.ExtensionManager(
+            'stevedore.test.extension', invoke_on_load=True
+        )
 
         result = em.map_method('get_args_and_data', 42)
         self.assertEqual({r[2] for r in result}, {42})
@@ -213,14 +216,16 @@ class TestLoadRequirementsNewSetuptools(utils.TestCase):
         self.em = extension.ExtensionManager.make_test_instance([])
 
     def test_verify_requirements(self):
-        self.em._load_one_plugin(self.mock_ep, False, (), {},
-                                 verify_requirements=True)
+        self.em._load_one_plugin(
+            self.mock_ep, False, (), {}, verify_requirements=True
+        )
         self.mock_ep.require.assert_called_once_with()
         self.mock_ep.resolve.assert_called_once_with()
 
     def test_no_verify_requirements(self):
-        self.em._load_one_plugin(self.mock_ep, False, (), {},
-                                 verify_requirements=False)
+        self.em._load_one_plugin(
+            self.mock_ep, False, (), {}, verify_requirements=False
+        )
         self.assertEqual(0, self.mock_ep.require.call_count)
         self.mock_ep.resolve.assert_called_once_with()
 
@@ -234,23 +239,24 @@ class TestLoadRequirementsOldSetuptools(utils.TestCase):
         self.em = extension.ExtensionManager.make_test_instance([])
 
     def test_verify_requirements(self):
-        self.em._load_one_plugin(self.mock_ep, False, (), {},
-                                 verify_requirements=True)
+        self.em._load_one_plugin(
+            self.mock_ep, False, (), {}, verify_requirements=True
+        )
         self.mock_ep.load.assert_called_once_with()
 
     def test_no_verify_requirements(self):
-        self.em._load_one_plugin(self.mock_ep, False, (), {},
-                                 verify_requirements=False)
+        self.em._load_one_plugin(
+            self.mock_ep, False, (), {}, verify_requirements=False
+        )
         self.mock_ep.load.assert_called_once_with()
 
 
 class TestExtensionProperties(utils.TestCase):
-
     def setUp(self):
         self.ext1 = extension.Extension(
             'name',
             importlib_metadata.EntryPoint(
-                'name', 'module.name:attribute.name [extra]', 'group_name',
+                'name', 'module.name:attribute.name [extra]', 'group_name'
             ),
             mock.Mock(),
             None,
@@ -258,7 +264,7 @@ class TestExtensionProperties(utils.TestCase):
         self.ext2 = extension.Extension(
             'name',
             importlib_metadata.EntryPoint(
-                'name', 'module:attribute', 'group_name',
+                'name', 'module:attribute', 'group_name'
             ),
             mock.Mock(),
             None,
@@ -273,7 +279,7 @@ class TestExtensionProperties(utils.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual('attribute', self.ext2.attr)
 
     def test_entry_point_target(self):
-        self.assertEqual('module.name:attribute.name [extra]',
-                         self.ext1.entry_point_target)
-        self.assertEqual('module:attribute',
-                         self.ext2.entry_point_target)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            'module.name:attribute.name [extra]', self.ext1.entry_point_target
+        )
+        self.assertEqual('module:attribute', self.ext2.entry_point_target)
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_named.py b/stevedore/tests/test_named.py
index d41dc2e..46f82b4 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_named.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_named.py
@@ -54,17 +54,13 @@ class TestNamed(utils.TestCase):
         # the test both ways: if the sorting is broken, one of them will
         # fail
         em = named.NamedExtensionManager(
-            'stevedore.test.extension',
-            names=['t1', 't2'],
-            name_order=True
+            'stevedore.test.extension', names=['t1', 't2'], name_order=True
         )
         actual = em.names()
         self.assertEqual(actual, ['t1', 't2'])
 
         em = named.NamedExtensionManager(
-            'stevedore.test.extension',
-            names=['t2', 't1'],
-            name_order=True
+            'stevedore.test.extension', names=['t2', 't1'], name_order=True
         )
         actual = em.names()
         self.assertEqual(actual, ['t2', 't1'])
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_sphinxext.py b/stevedore/tests/test_sphinxext.py
index 791a69c..2f517da 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_sphinxext.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_sphinxext.py
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@
 #    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
 #    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #    under the License.
-"""Tests for the sphinx extension
-"""
+"""Tests for the sphinx extension"""
 
 import importlib.metadata as importlib_metadata
 
@@ -24,14 +23,11 @@ def _make_ext(name, docstring):
         pass
 
     inner.__doc__ = docstring
-    m1 = importlib_metadata.EntryPoint(
-        name, f'{name}_module:{name}', 'group',
-    )
+    m1 = importlib_metadata.EntryPoint(name, f'{name}_module:{name}', 'group')
     return extension.Extension(name, m1, inner, None)
 
 
 class TestSphinxExt(utils.TestCase):
-
     def setUp(self):
         super().setUp()
         self.exts = [
@@ -54,12 +50,7 @@ class TestSphinxExt(utils.TestCase):
         ext = [_make_ext('nodoc', None)]
         em = extension.ExtensionManager.make_test_instance(ext)
         results = list(sphinxext._simple_list(em))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [
-                ('* nodoc -- ', 'nodoc_module'),
-            ],
-            results,
-        )
+        self.assertEqual([('* nodoc -- ', 'nodoc_module')], results)
 
     def test_detailed_list(self):
         results = list(sphinxext._detailed_list(self.em))
@@ -108,9 +99,13 @@ class TestSphinxExt(utils.TestCase):
                 ('nodoc', 'nodoc_module'),
                 ('-----', 'nodoc_module'),
                 ('\n', 'nodoc_module'),
-                (('.. warning:: No documentation found for '
-                 'nodoc in nodoc_module:nodoc'),
-                 'nodoc_module'),
+                (
+                    (
+                        '.. warning:: No documentation found for '
+                        'nodoc in nodoc_module:nodoc'
+                    ),
+                    'nodoc_module',
+                ),
                 ('\n', 'nodoc_module'),
             ],
             results,
diff --git a/stevedore/tests/test_test_manager.py b/stevedore/tests/test_test_manager.py
index 4cb79b4..d4edc58 100644
--- a/stevedore/tests/test_test_manager.py
+++ b/stevedore/tests/test_test_manager.py
@@ -29,8 +29,12 @@ test_extension = Extension('test_extension', None, None, None)
 test_extension2 = Extension('another_one', None, None, None)
 
 mock_entry_point = Mock(module_name='test.extension', attrs=['obj'])
-a_driver = Extension('test_driver', mock_entry_point, sentinel.driver_plugin,
-                     sentinel.driver_obj)
+a_driver = Extension(
+    'test_driver',
+    mock_entry_point,
+    sentinel.driver_plugin,
+    sentinel.driver_obj,
+)
 
 
 # base ExtensionManager
@@ -68,8 +72,9 @@ class TestTestManager(utils.TestCase):
         func.assert_called_once_with(test_extension)
 
     def test_manager_should_call_all(self):
-        em = ExtensionManager.make_test_instance([test_extension2,
-                                                  test_extension])
+        em = ExtensionManager.make_test_instance(
+            [test_extension2, test_extension]
+        )
         func = Mock()
         em.map(func)
         func.assert_any_call(test_extension2)
@@ -79,8 +84,9 @@ class TestTestManager(utils.TestCase):
         def mapped(ext, *args, **kwds):
             return ext.name
 
-        em = ExtensionManager.make_test_instance([test_extension2,
-                                                  test_extension])
+        em = ExtensionManager.make_test_instance(
+            [test_extension2, test_extension]
+        )
         results = em.map(mapped)
         self.assertEqual(sorted(results), ['another_one', 'test_extension'])
 
@@ -93,8 +99,9 @@ class TestTestManager(utils.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(results, [])
 
     def test_manager_should_propagate_exceptions(self):
-        em = ExtensionManager.make_test_instance([test_extension],
-                                                 propagate_map_exceptions=True)
+        em = ExtensionManager.make_test_instance(
+            [test_extension], propagate_map_exceptions=True
+        )
         self.skipTest('Skipping temporarily')
         func = Mock(side_effect=RuntimeError('hard coded error'))
         em.map(func, 1, 2, a='A', b='B')
@@ -129,7 +136,7 @@ class TestTestManager(utils.TestCase):
         extensions = [test_extension, test_extension2]
         em = HookManager.make_test_instance(extensions)
         # This will raise KeyError if the names don't match
-        assert (em[test_extension.name])
+        assert em[test_extension.name]
 
     def test_hook_manager_should_have_default_namespace(self):
         em = HookManager.make_test_instance([test_extension])
@@ -137,8 +144,9 @@ class TestTestManager(utils.TestCase):
 
     def test_hook_manager_should_use_supplied_namespace(self):
         namespace = 'testing.1.2.3'
-        em = HookManager.make_test_instance([test_extension],
-                                            namespace=namespace)
+        em = HookManager.make_test_instance(
+            [test_extension], namespace=namespace
+        )
         self.assertEqual(namespace, em.namespace)
 
     def test_hook_manager_should_return_named_extensions(self):
@@ -190,8 +198,9 @@ class TestTestManager(utils.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(extensions, em.extensions)
 
     def test_dispatch_map_should_invoke_filter_for_extensions(self):
-        em = DispatchExtensionManager.make_test_instance([test_extension,
-                                                          test_extension2])
+        em = DispatchExtensionManager.make_test_instance(
+            [test_extension, test_extension2]
+        )
         filter_func = Mock(return_value=False)
         args = ('A',)
         kw = {'big': 'Cheese'}
@@ -213,8 +222,9 @@ class TestTestManager(utils.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(test_extension2, em.by_name[test_extension2.name])
 
     def test_named_dispatch_map_should_invoke_filter_for_extensions(self):
-        em = NameDispatchExtensionManager.make_test_instance([test_extension,
-                                                              test_extension2])
+        em = NameDispatchExtensionManager.make_test_instance(
+            [test_extension, test_extension2]
+        )
         func = Mock()
         args = ('A',)
         kw = {'BIGGER': 'Cheese'}
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index b3f8b2a..a237c63 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ deps =
 commands =
   pre-commit run -a
 
-[flake8]
-ignore = E251,H405
-show-source = True
-exclude=.venv,.git,.tox,dist,*lib/python*,*egg,build
-
 [testenv:docs]
 deps =
   -c{env:TOX_CONSTRAINTS_FILE:https://releases.openstack.org/constraints/upper/master}
@@ -50,3 +45,7 @@ deps = bindep
 commands = bindep test
 usedevelop = False
 
+[flake8]
+ignore = E251,H405
+show-source = True
+exclude = .venv,.tox,dist,doc,releasenotes,*egg,build