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SAIO - Swift All In One

Instructions for setting up a development VM

This section documents setting up a virtual machine for doing Swift development. The virtual machine will emulate running a four node Swift cluster.

  • Get an Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) server image or try something Fedora/CentOS.
  • Create guest virtual machine from the image.

Additional information about setting up a Swift development snapshot on other distributions is available on the wiki at http://wiki.openstack.org/SAIOInstructions.

What's in a <your-user-name>

Much of the configuration described in this guide requires escalated root privileges; however, we assume that administrator logs in an unprivileged user. Swift processes also run under a separate user and group, set by configuration option, and refered as <your-user-name>:<your-group-name>. The default user is swift, which may not exist on your system.

Note

The instructions in the first first half of this guide are expected to be performed as the root user.

Installing dependencies

  • On apt based systems,

    1. apt-get update
    2. apt-get install curl gcc memcached rsync sqlite3 xfsprogs git-core libffi-dev python-setuptools
    3. apt-get install python-coverage python-dev python-nose python-simplejson python-xattr python-eventlet python-greenlet python-pastedeploy python-netifaces python-pip python-dnspython python-mock

  • On yum based systems,

    1. yum install curl gcc memcached rsync sqlite xfsprogs git-core libffi-devel xinetd python-setuptools
    2. yum install python-coverage python-devel python-nose python-simplejson python-xattr python-eventlet python-greenlet python-pastedeploy python-netifaces python-pip python-dnspython python-mock

    This installs necessary system dependencies; and most of the python dependencies. Later in the process setuptools/distribute or pip will install and/or upgrade some other stuff - it's getting harder to avoid. You can also install anything else you want, like screen, ssh, vim, etc.

Next, choose either partition-section or loopback-section.

Using a partition for storage

If you are going to use a separate partition for Swift data, be sure to add another device when creating the VM, and follow these instructions.

  1. fdisk /dev/sdb (set up a single partition)

  2. mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1

  3. Edit /etc/fstab and add

    /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1 xfs noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,logbufs=8 0 0

  4. mkdir /mnt/sdb1

  5. mount /mnt/sdb1

  6. mkdir /mnt/sdb1/1 /mnt/sdb1/2 /mnt/sdb1/3 /mnt/sdb1/4

  7. chown <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /mnt/sdb1/*

  8. mkdir /srv

  9. for x in {1..4}; do ln -s /mnt/sdb1/$x /srv/$x; done

  10. mkdir -p /etc/swift/object-server /etc/swift/container-server /etc/swift/account-server /srv/1/node/sdb1 /srv/2/node/sdb2 /srv/3/node/sdb3 /srv/4/node/sdb4 /var/run/swift

  11. chown -R <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /etc/swift /srv/[1-4]/ /var/run/swift -- Make sure to include the trailing slash after /srv/[1-4]/

  12. Add to /etc/rc.local (before the exit 0):

    mkdir -p /var/cache/swift /var/cache/swift2 /var/cache/swift3 /var/cache/swift4
chown <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /var/cache/swift*
mkdir -p /var/run/swift
chown <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /var/run/swift

  13. Next, skip to rsync-section.

Using a loopback device for storage

If you want to use a loopback device instead of another partition, follow these instructions.

  1. mkdir /srv

  2. truncate -s 1GB /srv/swift-disk

    (modify size to make a larger or smaller partition)

  3. mkfs.xfs /srv/swift-disk

  4. Edit /etc/fstab and add

    /srv/swift-disk /mnt/sdb1 xfs loop,noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,logbufs=8 0 0

  5. mkdir /mnt/sdb1

  6. mount /mnt/sdb1

  7. mkdir /mnt/sdb1/1 /mnt/sdb1/2 /mnt/sdb1/3 /mnt/sdb1/4

  8. chown <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /mnt/sdb1/*

  9. for x in {1..4}; do ln -s /mnt/sdb1/$x /srv/$x; done

  10. mkdir -p /etc/swift/object-server /etc/swift/container-server /etc/swift/account-server /srv/1/node/sdb1 /srv/2/node/sdb2 /srv/3/node/sdb3 /srv/4/node/sdb4 /var/run/swift

  11. chown -R <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /etc/swift /srv/[1-4]/ /var/run/swift -- Make sure to include the trailing slash after /srv/[1-4]/

  12. Add to /etc/rc.local (before the exit 0):

    mkdir -p /var/cache/swift /var/cache/swift2 /var/cache/swift3 /var/cache/swift4
chown <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /var/cache/swift*
mkdir -p /var/run/swift
chown <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /var/run/swift

    Note that on some systems you might have to create /etc/rc.local.

    On Fedora 19 or later, you need to place these in /etc/rc.d/rc.local.

Setting up rsync

  1. Create /etc/rsyncd.conf:

    uid = <your-user-name>
gid = <your-group-name>
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
address = 127.0.0.1

[account6012]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/1/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/account6012.lock

[account6022]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/2/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/account6022.lock

[account6032]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/3/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/account6032.lock

[account6042]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/4/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/account6042.lock

[container6011]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/1/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/container6011.lock

[container6021]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/2/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/container6021.lock

[container6031]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/3/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/container6031.lock

[container6041]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/4/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/container6041.lock

[object6010]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/1/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/object6010.lock

[object6020]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/2/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/object6020.lock

[object6030]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/3/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/object6030.lock

[object6040]
max connections = 25
path = /srv/4/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/object6040.lock

  2. On Ubuntu, edit the following line in `/etc/default/rsync`:

    RSYNC_ENABLE=true

    On Fedora, edit the following line in `/etc/xinetd.d/rsync`:

    disable = no

  3. On platforms with SELinux in Enforcing mode, either set to `Permissive`:

    setenforce Permissive

    Or just allow rsync full access:

    setsebool -P rsync_full_access 1

  4. On Ubuntu, run service rsync restart

    On Fedora, run:

    systemctl enable rsyncd.service
systemctl start rsyncd.service

    On other xinetd based systems run service xinetd restart.

  5. Verify rsync is accepting connections for all servers:

    rsync rsync://pub@localhost/

Starting memcached

On non-Ubuntu distros you need to ensure memcached is running:

  • service memcached start
  • chkconfig memcached on

or:

  • systemctl enable memcached.service
  • systemctl start memcached.service

The tempauth middleware stores tokens in memcached. If memcached is not running, tokens cannot be validated, and accessing Swift becomes impossible.

Optional: Setting up rsyslog for individual logging

  1. Create /etc/rsyslog.d/10-swift.conf:

    # Uncomment the following to have a log containing all logs together
#local1,local2,local3,local4,local5.*   /var/log/swift/all.log

# Uncomment the following to have hourly proxy logs for stats processing
#$template HourlyProxyLog,"/var/log/swift/hourly/%$YEAR%%$MONTH%%$DAY%%$HOUR%"
#local1.*;local1.!notice ?HourlyProxyLog

local1.*;local1.!notice /var/log/swift/proxy.log
local1.notice           /var/log/swift/proxy.error
local1.*                ~

local2.*;local2.!notice /var/log/swift/storage1.log
local2.notice           /var/log/swift/storage1.error
local2.*                ~

local3.*;local3.!notice /var/log/swift/storage2.log
local3.notice           /var/log/swift/storage2.error
local3.*                ~

local4.*;local4.!notice /var/log/swift/storage3.log
local4.notice           /var/log/swift/storage3.error
local4.*                ~

local5.*;local5.!notice /var/log/swift/storage4.log
local5.notice           /var/log/swift/storage4.error
local5.*                ~

  2. Edit /etc/rsyslog.conf and make the following change:

    $PrivDropToGroup adm

  3. mkdir -p /var/log/swift/hourly

  4. On Ubuntu:

  5. chown -R syslog.adm /var/log/swift

  6. chmod -R g+w /var/log/swift

  7. service rsyslog restart

  8. On Fedora:

  9. chown -R root:adm /var/log/swift

  10. chmod -R g+w /var/log/swift

  11. systemctl restart rsyslog.service

Note

Starting here, from this point on, all instructions are expected to be performed as the unprivledged user you selected as <your-user-name>.

Getting the code

  1. Check out the python-swiftclient repo

    git clone https://github.com/openstack/python-swiftclient.git

  2. Build a development installation of python-swiftclient

    cd ~/python-swiftclient; sudo python setup.py develop; cd -

  3. Check out the swift repo

    git clone https://github.com/openstack/swift.git

  4. Build a development installation of swift

    cd ~/swift; sudo python setup.py develop; cd -

  5. Install swift's test dependencies

    sudo pip install -r swift/test-requirements.txt

Fedora 19 or later users might have to perform the following if development installation of swift fails:

sudo pip install -U xattr dnspython

Configuring each node

Sample configuration files are provided with all defaults in line-by-line comments.

  1. Create `/etc/swift/proxy-server.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
bind_port = 8080
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL1
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
# Yes, proxy-logging appears twice. This is not a mistake.
pipeline = healthcheck proxy-logging cache tempauth proxy-logging proxy-server

[app:proxy-server]
use = egg:swift#proxy
allow_account_management = true
account_autocreate = true

[filter:tempauth]
use = egg:swift#tempauth
user_admin_admin = admin .admin .reseller_admin
user_test_tester = testing .admin
user_test2_tester2 = testing2 .admin
user_test_tester3 = testing3

[filter:healthcheck]
use = egg:swift#healthcheck

[filter:cache]
use = egg:swift#memcache

[filter:proxy-logging]
use = egg:swift#proxy_logging

  2. Create `/etc/swift/swift.conf`:

    [swift-hash]
# random unique strings that can never change (DO NOT LOSE)
swift_hash_path_prefix = changeme
swift_hash_path_suffix = changeme

  3. Create `/etc/swift/account-server/1.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/1/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6012
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL2
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon account-server

[app:account-server]
use = egg:swift#account

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[account-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[account-auditor]

[account-reaper]

  4. Create `/etc/swift/account-server/2.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/2/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6022
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL3
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift2
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon account-server

[app:account-server]
use = egg:swift#account

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[account-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[account-auditor]

[account-reaper]

  5. Create `/etc/swift/account-server/3.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/3/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6032
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL4
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift3
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon account-server

[app:account-server]
use = egg:swift#account

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[account-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[account-auditor]

[account-reaper]

  6. Create `/etc/swift/account-server/4.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/4/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6042
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL5
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift4
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon account-server

[app:account-server]
use = egg:swift#account

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[account-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[account-auditor]

[account-reaper]

  7. Create `/etc/swift/container-server/1.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/1/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6011
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL2
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon container-server

[app:container-server]
use = egg:swift#container

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[container-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[container-updater]

[container-auditor]

[container-sync]

  8. Create `/etc/swift/container-server/2.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/2/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6021
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL3
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift2
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon container-server

[app:container-server]
use = egg:swift#container

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[container-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[container-updater]

[container-auditor]

[container-sync]

  9. Create `/etc/swift/container-server/3.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/3/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6031
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL4
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift3
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon container-server

[app:container-server]
use = egg:swift#container

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[container-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[container-updater]

[container-auditor]

[container-sync]

  10. Create `/etc/swift/container-server/4.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/4/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6041
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL5
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift4
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon container-server

[app:container-server]
use = egg:swift#container

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[container-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[container-updater]

[container-auditor]

[container-sync]

  11. Create `/etc/swift/object-server/1.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/1/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6010
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL2
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon object-server

[app:object-server]
use = egg:swift#object

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[object-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[object-updater]

[object-auditor]

  12. Create `/etc/swift/object-server/2.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/2/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6020
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL3
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift2
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon object-server

[app:object-server]
use = egg:swift#object

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[object-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[object-updater]

[object-auditor]

  13. Create `/etc/swift/object-server/3.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/3/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6030
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL4
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift3
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon object-server

[app:object-server]
use = egg:swift#object

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[object-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[object-updater]

[object-auditor]

  14. Create `/etc/swift/object-server/4.conf`:

    [DEFAULT]
devices = /srv/4/node
mount_check = false
disable_fallocate = true
bind_port = 6040
workers = 1
user = <your-user-name>
log_facility = LOG_LOCAL5
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift4
eventlet_debug = true

[pipeline:main]
pipeline = recon object-server

[app:object-server]
use = egg:swift#object

[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon

[object-replicator]
vm_test_mode = yes

[object-updater]

[object-auditor]

  15. Update <your-user-name>:

    find /etc/swift/ -name \*.conf | xargs sed -i "s/<your-user-name>/${USER}/"

Setting up scripts for running Swift

  1. mkdir ~/bin

  2. Create ~/bin/resetswift.

    If you are using a loopback device substitute /dev/sdb1 with /srv/swift-disk in the mkfs step.

    If you did not set up rsyslog for individual logging, remove the find /var/log/swift... line.

    On Fedora, replace service <name> restart with systemctl restart <name>`.service`:

    #!/bin/bash

swift-init all stop
find /var/log/swift -type f -exec rm -f {} \;
sudo umount /mnt/sdb1
sudo mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1
sudo mount /mnt/sdb1
sudo mkdir /mnt/sdb1/1 /mnt/sdb1/2 /mnt/sdb1/3 /mnt/sdb1/4
sudo chown <your-user-name>:<your-group-name> /mnt/sdb1/*
mkdir -p /srv/1/node/sdb1 /srv/2/node/sdb2 /srv/3/node/sdb3 /srv/4/node/sdb4
sudo rm -f /var/log/debug /var/log/messages /var/log/rsyncd.log /var/log/syslog
find /var/cache/swift* -type f -name *.recon -exec rm -f {} \;
sudo service rsyslog restart
sudo service memcached restart

  3. Create `~/bin/remakerings`:

    #!/bin/bash

cd /etc/swift

rm -f *.builder *.ring.gz backups/*.builder backups/*.ring.gz

swift-ring-builder object.builder create 10 3 1
swift-ring-builder object.builder add r1z1-127.0.0.1:6010/sdb1 1
swift-ring-builder object.builder add r1z2-127.0.0.1:6020/sdb2 1
swift-ring-builder object.builder add r1z3-127.0.0.1:6030/sdb3 1
swift-ring-builder object.builder add r1z4-127.0.0.1:6040/sdb4 1
swift-ring-builder object.builder rebalance
swift-ring-builder container.builder create 10 3 1
swift-ring-builder container.builder add r1z1-127.0.0.1:6011/sdb1 1
swift-ring-builder container.builder add r1z2-127.0.0.1:6021/sdb2 1
swift-ring-builder container.builder add r1z3-127.0.0.1:6031/sdb3 1
swift-ring-builder container.builder add r1z4-127.0.0.1:6041/sdb4 1
swift-ring-builder container.builder rebalance
swift-ring-builder account.builder create 10 3 1
swift-ring-builder account.builder add r1z1-127.0.0.1:6012/sdb1 1
swift-ring-builder account.builder add r1z2-127.0.0.1:6022/sdb2 1
swift-ring-builder account.builder add r1z3-127.0.0.1:6032/sdb3 1
swift-ring-builder account.builder add r1z4-127.0.0.1:6042/sdb4 1
swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance

  4. Create `~/bin/startmain`:

    #!/bin/bash

swift-init main start

  5. Create `~/bin/startrest`:

    #!/bin/bash

swift-init rest start

  6. chmod +x ~/bin/*

  7. Edit ~/.bashrc and add to the end:

    export SWIFT_TEST_CONFIG_FILE=/etc/swift/test.conf
export PATH=${PATH}:~/bin

  8. . ~/.bashrc

  9. remakerings

  10. cp ~/swift/test/sample.conf /etc/swift/test.conf

  11. ~/swift/.unittests

  12. startmain (The Unable to increase file descriptor limit. Running as non-root? warnings are expected and ok.)

  13. Get an X-Storage-Url and `X-Auth-Token`: curl -v -H 'X-Storage-User: test:tester' -H 'X-Storage-Pass: testing' http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0

  14. Check that you can GET account: curl -v -H 'X-Auth-Token: <token-from-x-auth-token-above>' <url-from-x-storage-url-above>

  15. Check that swift works: swift -A http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0 -U test:tester -K testing stat

  16. ~/swift/.functests (Note: functional tests will first delete everything in the configured accounts.)

  17. ~/swift/.probetests (Note: probe tests will reset your environment as they call resetswift for each test.)

Debugging Issues

If all doesn't go as planned, and tests fail, or you can't auth, or something doesn't work, here are some good starting places to look for issues:

  1. Everything is logged using system facilities -- usually in /var/log/syslog, but possibly in /var/log/messages on e.g. Fedora -- so that is a good first place to look for errors (most likely python tracebacks).
  2. Make sure all of the server processes are running. For the base functionality, the Proxy, Account, Container, and Object servers should be running.
  3. If one of the servers are not running, and no errors are logged to syslog, it may be useful to try to start the server manually, for example: swift-object-server /etc/swift/object-server/1.conf will start the object server. If there are problems not showing up in syslog, then you will likely see the traceback on startup.
  4. If you need to, you can turn off syslog for unit tests. This can be useful for environments where /dev/log is unavailable, or which cannot rate limit (unit tests generate a lot of logs very quickly). Open the file SWIFT_TEST_CONFIG_FILE points to, and change the value of fake_syslog to True.