# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 # Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Yahoo! Inc. All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may # not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain # a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT # WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the # License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations # under the License. import logging import os import sys logging.basicConfig(level=logging.ERROR) top_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.pardir, os.pardir)) sys.path.insert(0, top_dir) import taskflow.engines from taskflow.patterns import linear_flow as lf from taskflow import task # INTRO: In this example we create three tasks, each of which ~calls~ a given # number (provided as a function input), one of those tasks fails calling a # given number (the suzzie calling); this causes the workflow to enter the # reverting process, which activates the revert methods of the previous two # phone ~calls~. # # This simulated calling makes it appear like all three calls occur or all # three don't occur (transactional like capabilities). No persistence layer is # used here so reverting and executing will not handle process failure. # # This example shows a basic usage of the taskflow structures without involving # the complexity of persistence. Using the structures that taskflow provides # via tasks and flows makes it possible for you to easily at a later time # hook in a persistence layer (and then gain the functionality that offers) # when you decide the complexity of adding that layer in is 'worth it' for your # applications usage pattern (which some applications may not need). class CallJim(task.Task): def execute(self, jim_number, *args, **kwargs): print("Calling jim %s." % jim_number) def revert(self, jim_number, *args, **kwargs): print("Calling %s and apologizing." % jim_number) class CallJoe(task.Task): def execute(self, joe_number, *args, **kwargs): print("Calling joe %s." % joe_number) def revert(self, joe_number, *args, **kwargs): print("Calling %s and apologizing." % joe_number) class CallSuzzie(task.Task): def execute(self, suzzie_number, *args, **kwargs): raise IOError("Suzzie not home right now.") # Create your flow and associated tasks (the work to be done). flow = lf.Flow('simple-linear').add( CallJim(), CallJoe(), CallSuzzie() ) try: # Now run that flow using the provided initial data (store below). taskflow.engines.run(flow, store=dict(joe_number=444, jim_number=555, suzzie_number=666)) except Exception as e: # NOTE(harlowja): This exception will be the exception that came out of the # 'CallSuzzie' task instead of a different exception, this is useful since # typically surrounding code wants to handle the original exception and not # a wrapped or altered one. # # *WARNING* If this flow was multi-threaded and multiple active tasks threw # exceptions then the above exception would be wrapped into a combined # exception (the object has methods to iterate over the contained # exceptions). See: exceptions.py and the class 'WrappedFailure' to look at # how to deal with multiple tasks failing while running. # # You will also note that this is not a problem in this case since no # parallelism is involved; this is ensured by the usage of a linear flow, # which runs serially as well as the default engine type which is 'serial'. print("Flow failed: %s" % e)