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vmware-nsxlib
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A common library that interfaces with VMware NSX.
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vmware-nsxlib/vmware_nsxlib/v3/utils.py

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# Copyright 2016 VMware, Inc.
# All Rights Reserved
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
import abc
import collections
import inspect
import re
from threading import Lock
import time
from oslo_log import log
import tenacity
from tenacity import _utils as tenacity_utils
from vmware_nsxlib._i18n import _
from vmware_nsxlib.v3 import constants
from vmware_nsxlib.v3 import exceptions as nsxlib_exc
from vmware_nsxlib.v3 import nsx_constants
LOG = log.getLogger(__name__)
TagLimits = collections.namedtuple('TagLimits',
['scope_length', 'tag_length', 'max_tags'])
# These defaults reflect latest tag & scope limits on the backend. As of 2.5,
# backend no longer returns tag limit via API.
MAX_RESOURCE_TYPE_LEN = 128
MAX_TAG_LEN = 256
MAX_TAGS = 15
MAX_NSGROUPS_CRITERIA_TAGS = 10
DEFAULT_MAX_ATTEMPTS = 10
DEFAULT_CACHE_AGE_SEC = 600
INJECT_HEADERS_CALLBACK = None
IS_ATTR_SET_CALLBACK = None
def set_is_attr_callback(callback):
global IS_ATTR_SET_CALLBACK
IS_ATTR_SET_CALLBACK = callback
def is_attr_set(attr):
if IS_ATTR_SET_CALLBACK:
return IS_ATTR_SET_CALLBACK(attr)
return attr is not None
def set_inject_headers_callback(callback):
global INJECT_HEADERS_CALLBACK
INJECT_HEADERS_CALLBACK = callback
def censor_headers(headers):
censored_headers = ['authorization', 'x-xsrf-token', 'cookie']
result = {}
for name, value in headers.items():
if name.lower() in censored_headers:
result[name] = '--- CENSORED ---'
else:
result[name] = value
return result
def _update_resource_length(length):
global MAX_RESOURCE_TYPE_LEN
MAX_RESOURCE_TYPE_LEN = length
def _update_tag_length(length):
global MAX_TAG_LEN
MAX_TAG_LEN = length
def _update_max_tags(max_tags):
global MAX_TAGS
MAX_TAGS = max_tags
def _update_max_nsgroups_criteria_tags(max_tags):
global MAX_NSGROUPS_CRITERIA_TAGS
MAX_NSGROUPS_CRITERIA_TAGS = max(10, max_tags - 5)
def update_tag_limits(limits):
_update_resource_length(limits.scope_length)
_update_tag_length(limits.tag_length)
_update_max_tags(limits.max_tags)
_update_max_nsgroups_criteria_tags(limits.max_tags)
def _validate_resource_type_length(resource_type):
# Add in a validation to ensure that we catch this at build time
if len(resource_type) > MAX_RESOURCE_TYPE_LEN:
raise nsxlib_exc.NsxLibInvalidInput(
error_message=(_('Resource type cannot exceed %(max_len)s '
'characters: %(resource_type)s') %
{'max_len': MAX_RESOURCE_TYPE_LEN,
'resource_type': resource_type}))
def add_v3_tag(tags, resource_type, tag):
_validate_resource_type_length(resource_type)
tags.append({'scope': resource_type, 'tag': tag[:MAX_TAG_LEN]})
return tags
def update_v3_tags(current_tags, tags_update):
current_scopes = set([tag['scope'] for tag in current_tags])
updated_scopes = set([tag['scope'] for tag in tags_update])
# All tags scopes which are either completely new or already defined on the
# resource are left in place, unless the tag value is empty, in that case
# it is ignored.
tags = [{'scope': tag['scope'], 'tag': tag['tag']}
for tag in (current_tags + tags_update)
if tag['tag'] and
tag['scope'] in (current_scopes ^ updated_scopes)]
modified_scopes = current_scopes & updated_scopes
for tag in tags_update:
if tag['scope'] in modified_scopes:
# If the tag value is empty or None, then remove the tag completely
if tag['tag']:
tag['tag'] = tag['tag'][:MAX_TAG_LEN]
tags.append(tag)
return tags
def _log_before_retry(retry_state):
"""Before call strategy that logs to some logger the attempt."""
if retry_state.attempt_number > 1:
LOG.warning("Retrying call to '%(func)s' for the %(num)s time",
{'func': tenacity_utils.get_callback_name(
retry_state.fn),
'num': tenacity_utils.to_ordinal(
retry_state.attempt_number)})
def _get_args_from_frame(frames, frame_num):
if len(frames) > frame_num and frames[frame_num] and frames[frame_num][0]:
argvalues = inspect.getargvalues(frames[frame_num][0])
formated_args = inspect.formatargvalues(*argvalues)
# remove the first 'self' arg from the log as it adds no information
formated_args = re.sub(r'\(self=.*?, ', "(", formated_args)
return formated_args
def _log_after_retry(retry_state):
"""After call strategy that logs to some logger the finished attempt."""
# Using inspect to get arguments of the relevant call
frames = inspect.trace()
# Look at frame #2 first because of the internal functions _do_X
formated_args = _get_args_from_frame(frames, 2)
if not formated_args:
formated_args = _get_args_from_frame(frames, 1)
if not formated_args:
formated_args = "Unknown"
LOG.warning("Finished retry of %(func)s for the %(num)s time after "
"%(time)0.3f(s) with args: %(args)s",
{'func': tenacity_utils.get_callback_name(retry_state.fn),
'num': tenacity_utils.to_ordinal(retry_state.attempt_number),
'time': retry_state.seconds_since_start,
'args': formated_args})
def retry_upon_exception(exc, delay=0.5, max_delay=2,
max_attempts=DEFAULT_MAX_ATTEMPTS):
# exc can be a single exception or a tuple of exceptions
return tenacity.retry(reraise=True,
retry=tenacity.retry_if_exception_type(exc),
wait=tenacity.wait_exponential(
multiplier=delay, max=max_delay),
stop=tenacity.stop_after_attempt(max_attempts),
before=_log_before_retry, after=_log_after_retry)
def retry_random_upon_exception(exc, delay=0.5, max_delay=5,
max_attempts=DEFAULT_MAX_ATTEMPTS):
return tenacity.retry(reraise=True,
retry=tenacity.retry_if_exception_type(exc),
wait=tenacity.wait_random_exponential(
multiplier=delay, max=max_delay),
stop=tenacity.stop_after_attempt(max_attempts),
before=_log_before_retry, after=_log_after_retry)
def retry_upon_none_result(max_attempts, delay=0.5, max_delay=10,
random=False):
if random:
wait_func = tenacity.wait_random_exponential(
multiplier=delay, max=max_delay)
else:
wait_func = tenacity.wait_exponential(
multiplier=delay, max=max_delay)
return tenacity.retry(reraise=True,
retry=tenacity.retry_if_result(lambda x: x is None),
wait=wait_func,
stop=tenacity.stop_after_attempt(max_attempts),
before=_log_before_retry, after=_log_after_retry)
class RetryAttemptsExceeded(tenacity.RetryError):
def reraise(self):
raise self.last_attempt.result()
# Retry when exception is returned by decorated function.
# If retry attempts are exceeded, reraise the last exception.
# This is achieved by overriding reraise method of RetryAttemptsExceeded
def retry_random_upon_exception_result(max_attempts, delay=0.5, max_delay=10):
wait_func = tenacity.wait_random_exponential(
multiplier=delay, max=max_delay)
return tenacity.retry(reraise=True,
retry_error_cls=RetryAttemptsExceeded,
retry=tenacity.retry_if_result(
lambda x: isinstance(x, Exception)),
wait=wait_func,
stop=tenacity.stop_after_attempt(max_attempts),
before=_log_before_retry, after=_log_after_retry)
def list_match(list1, list2):
# Check if list1 and list2 have identical elements, but relaxed on
# dict elements where list1's dict element can be a subset of list2's
# corresponding element.
if (not isinstance(list1, list) or not isinstance(list2, list) or
len(list1) != len(list2)):
return False
list1 = sorted(list1)
list2 = sorted(list2)
for (v1, v2) in zip(list1, list2):
if isinstance(v1, dict):
if not dict_match(v1, v2):
return False
elif isinstance(v1, list):
if not list_match(v1, v2):
return False
elif v1 != v2:
return False
return True
def dict_match(dict1, dict2):
# Check if dict1 is a subset of dict2.
if not isinstance(dict1, dict) or not isinstance(dict2, dict):
return False
for k1, v1 in dict1.items():
if k1 not in dict2:
return False
v2 = dict2[k1]
if isinstance(v1, dict):
if not dict_match(v1, v2):
return False
elif isinstance(v1, list):
if not list_match(v1, v2):
return False
elif v1 != v2:
return False
return True
def get_name_short_uuid(uuid):
return '_' + uuid[:5] + '...' + uuid[-5:]
def get_name_and_uuid(name, uuid, tag=None, maxlen=80):
short_uuid = get_name_short_uuid(uuid)
maxlen = maxlen - len(short_uuid)
if tag:
maxlen = maxlen - len(tag) - 1
return name[:maxlen] + '_' + tag + short_uuid
else:
return name[:maxlen] + short_uuid
def build_extra_args(body, extra_args, **kwargs):
for arg in extra_args:
if arg in kwargs:
body[arg] = kwargs[arg]
return body
def escape_tag_data(data):
# ElasticSearch query_string requires slashes and dashes to
# be escaped. We assume no other reserved characters will be
# used in tag scopes or values
return data.replace('/', '\\/').replace('-', '\\-').replace(':', '\\:')
def escape_display_name(display_name):
# Illegal characters for the display names are ;|=,~@
rx = re.compile('([;|=,~@])')
return rx.sub('.', display_name)
class NsxLibCache(object):
def __init__(self, timeout):
self.timeout = timeout
self._cache = {}
super(NsxLibCache, self).__init__()
def expired(self, entry):
return (time.time() - entry['time']) > self.timeout
def get(self, key):
if key in self._cache:
# check that the value is still valid
if self.expired(self._cache[key]):
# this entry has expired
self.remove(key)
else:
return self._cache[key]['value']
def update(self, key, value):
self._cache[key] = {'time': time.time(),
'value': value}
def remove(self, key):
if key in self._cache:
del self._cache[key]
class NsxLibApiBase(object):
"""Base class for nsxlib api """
def __init__(self, client, nsxlib_config=None, nsxlib=None):
self.client = client
self.nsxlib_config = nsxlib_config
self.nsxlib = nsxlib
super(NsxLibApiBase, self).__init__()
self.cache = NsxLibCache(self.cache_timeout)
self.max_attempts = (self.client.max_attempts
if hasattr(self.client, 'max_attempts') else 1)
@abc.abstractproperty
def uri_segment(self):
pass
@abc.abstractproperty
def resource_type(self):
pass
@property
def use_cache_for_get(self):
"""By default no caching is used"""
return False
@property
def cache_timeout(self):
"""the default cache aging time in seconds"""
return DEFAULT_CACHE_AGE_SEC
def get_path(self, resource=None):
if resource:
return '%s/%s' % (self.uri_segment, resource)
return self.uri_segment
def list(self):
return self.client.list(self.uri_segment)
def get(self, uuid, silent=False):
if self.use_cache_for_get:
# try to get it from the cache
result = self.cache.get(uuid)
if result:
if not silent:
LOG.debug("Getting %s from cache.", self.get_path(uuid))
return result
# call the client
result = self.client.get(self.get_path(uuid), silent=silent)
if result and self.use_cache_for_get:
# add the result to the cache
self.cache.update(uuid, result)
return result
def read(self, uuid, silent=False):
"""The same as get"""
return self.get(uuid, silent=silent)
def delete(self, uuid):
if self.use_cache_for_get:
self.cache.remove(uuid)
return self._delete_with_retry(uuid)
def find_by_display_name(self, display_name):
found = []
for resource in self.list()['results']:
if resource['display_name'] == display_name:
found.append(resource)
return found
def _update_with_retry(self, uuid, payload):
if self.use_cache_for_get:
self.cache.remove(uuid)
return self._update_resource(self.get_path(uuid), payload, retry=True)
def _internal_update_resource(self, resource, payload, headers=None,
create_action=False,
get_params=None,
action_params=None,
update_payload_cbk=None):
get_path = action_path = resource
if get_params:
get_path = get_path + get_params
if action_params:
action_path = action_path + action_params
revised_payload = self.client.get(get_path)
# custom resource callback for updating the payload
if update_payload_cbk:
update_payload_cbk(revised_payload, payload)
# special treatment for tags (merge old and new)
if 'tags_update' in payload.keys():
revised_payload['tags'] = update_v3_tags(
revised_payload.get('tags', []),
payload['tags_update'])
del payload['tags_update']
# update all the rest of the parameters
for key_name in payload.keys():
# handle 2 levels of dictionary:
if isinstance(payload[key_name], dict):
if key_name not in revised_payload:
revised_payload[key_name] = payload[key_name]
else:
# copy each key
revised_payload[key_name].update(payload[key_name])
else:
revised_payload[key_name] = payload[key_name]
if create_action:
return self.client.create(action_path, revised_payload,
headers=headers)
else:
return self.client.update(action_path, revised_payload,
headers=headers)
def _update_resource(self, resource, payload, headers=None,
create_action=False, get_params=None,
action_params=None, update_payload_cbk=None,
retry=False):
if retry:
# If revision_id of the payload that we send is older than what
# NSX has, we will get a 412: Precondition Failed.
# In that case we need to re-fetch, patch the response and send
# it again with the new revision_id
@retry_upon_exception(nsxlib_exc.StaleRevision,
max_attempts=self.max_attempts)
def do_update():
return self._internal_update_resource(
resource, payload,
headers=headers,
create_action=create_action,
get_params=get_params,
action_params=action_params,
update_payload_cbk=update_payload_cbk)
return do_update()
else:
return self._internal_update_resource(
resource, payload,
headers=headers,
create_action=create_action,
get_params=get_params,
action_params=action_params,
update_payload_cbk=update_payload_cbk)
def _delete_with_retry(self, resource, headers=None):
self._delete_by_path_with_retry(self.get_path(resource), headers)
def _delete_by_path_with_retry(self, path, headers=None):
# Using internal method so we can access max_attempts in the decorator
@retry_upon_exception(nsxlib_exc.StaleRevision,
max_attempts=self.max_attempts)
def _do_delete():
self.client.delete(path, headers=headers)
_do_delete()
def _create_with_retry(self, resource, body=None, headers=None):
# Using internal method so we can access max_attempts in the decorator
@retry_upon_exception(nsxlib_exc.StaleRevision,
max_attempts=self.max_attempts)
def _do_create():
return self.client.create(resource, body, headers=headers)
return _do_create()
def _get_resource_by_name_or_id(self, name_or_id, resource):
all_results = self.client.list(resource)['results']
matched_results = []
for rs in all_results:
if rs.get('id') == name_or_id:
# Matched by id - must be unique
return name_or_id
if rs.get('display_name') == name_or_id:
# Matched by name - add to the list to verify it is unique
matched_results.append(rs)
if len(matched_results) == 0:
err_msg = (_("Could not find %(resource)s %(name)s") %
{'name': name_or_id, 'resource': resource})
raise nsxlib_exc.ResourceNotFound(details=err_msg)
elif len(matched_results) > 1:
err_msg = (_("Found multiple %(resource)s named %(name)s") %
{'name': name_or_id, 'resource': resource})
raise nsxlib_exc.MultipleResourcesFound(details=err_msg)
return matched_results[0].get('id')
def get_id_by_name_or_id(self, name_or_id):
"""Get a resource by it's display name or uuid
Return the resource data, or raise an exception if not found or
not unique
"""
return self._get_resource_by_name_or_id(name_or_id,
self.get_path())
def build_v3_api_version_tag(self):
"""Some resources are created on the manager
that do not have a corresponding plugin resource.
"""
return [{'scope': self.nsxlib_config.plugin_scope,
'tag': self.nsxlib_config.plugin_tag},
{'scope': "os-api-version",
'tag': self.nsxlib_config.plugin_ver}]
def build_v3_api_version_project_tag(self, project_name, project_id=None):
if not project_name:
project_name = self.nsxlib_config.plugin_tag
tags = [{'scope': self.nsxlib_config.plugin_scope,
'tag': self.nsxlib_config.plugin_tag},
{'scope': "os-api-version",
'tag': self.nsxlib_config.plugin_ver},
{'scope': 'os-project-name',
'tag': project_name[:MAX_TAG_LEN]}]
if project_id:
tags.append({'scope': 'os-project-id',
'tag': project_id[:MAX_TAG_LEN]})
return tags
def is_internal_resource(self, nsx_resource):
"""Indicates whether the passed nsx-resource is internal
owned by the plugin for internal use.
"""
for tag in nsx_resource.get('tags', []):
if tag['scope'] == self.nsxlib_config.plugin_scope:
return tag['tag'] == self.nsxlib_config.plugin_tag
return False
def build_v3_tags_payload(self, resource, resource_type, project_name):
"""Construct the tags payload that will be pushed to NSX-v3
Add <resource_type>:<resource-id>, os-project-id:<project-id>,
os-project-name:<project_name> os-api-version:<plugin-api-version>
"""
_validate_resource_type_length(resource_type)
# There may be cases when the plugin creates the port, for example DHCP
if not project_name:
project_name = self.nsxlib_config.plugin_tag
project_id = (resource.get('project_id', '') or
resource.get('tenant_id', ''))
# If project_id is present in resource and set to None, explicitly set
# the project_id in tags as ''.
if project_id is None:
project_id = ''
return [{'scope': resource_type,
'tag': resource.get('id', '')[:MAX_TAG_LEN]},
{'scope': 'os-project-id',
'tag': project_id[:MAX_TAG_LEN]},
{'scope': 'os-project-name',
'tag': project_name[:MAX_TAG_LEN]},
{'scope': 'os-api-version',
'tag': self.nsxlib_config.plugin_ver}]
# Some utilities for services translations & validations
# both for the nsx manager & policy manager
def validate_icmp_params(icmp_type, icmp_code, icmp_version=4, strict=False):
if icmp_version != 4:
# ICMPv6 is currently not supported
return
if icmp_type is not None:
if (strict and icmp_type not in
constants.IPV4_ICMP_STRICT_TYPES):
raise nsxlib_exc.InvalidInput(
operation='create_rule',
arg_val=icmp_type,
arg_name='icmp_type')
if icmp_type not in constants.IPV4_ICMP_TYPES:
raise nsxlib_exc.InvalidInput(
operation='create_rule',
arg_val=icmp_type,
arg_name='icmp_type')
if (icmp_code and strict and icmp_code not in
constants.IPV4_ICMP_STRICT_TYPES[icmp_type]):
raise nsxlib_exc.InvalidInput(
operation='create_rule',
arg_val=icmp_code,
arg_name='icmp_code for this icmp_type')
if (icmp_code and icmp_code not in
constants.IPV4_ICMP_TYPES[icmp_type]):
raise nsxlib_exc.InvalidInput(
operation='create_rule',
arg_val=icmp_code,
arg_name='icmp_code for this icmp_type')
def get_l4_protocol_name(protocol_number):
if protocol_number is None:
return
protocol_number = constants.IP_PROTOCOL_MAP.get(protocol_number,
protocol_number)
try:
protocol_number = int(protocol_number)
except ValueError:
raise nsxlib_exc.InvalidInput(
operation='create_rule',
arg_val=protocol_number,
arg_name='protocol')
if protocol_number == 6:
return nsx_constants.TCP
elif protocol_number == 17:
return nsx_constants.UDP
elif protocol_number == 1:
return nsx_constants.ICMPV4
else:
return protocol_number
def get_dhcp_opt_code(name):
_supported_options = {
'subnet-mask': 1,
'time-offset': 2,
'router': 3,
'dns-name': 6,
'host-name': 12,
'boot-file-size': 13,
'domain-name': 15,
'ip-forwarding': 19,
'interface-mtu': 26,
'broadcast-address': 28,
'arp-cache-timeout': 35,
'nis-domain': 40,
'nis-servers': 41,
'ntp-servers': 42,
'netbios-name-servers': 44,
'netbios-dd-server': 45,
'netbios-node-type': 46,
'netbios-scope': 47,
'dhcp-renewal-time': 58,
'dhcp-rebinding-time': 59,
'class-id': 60,
'dhcp-client-identifier': 61,
'nisplus-domain': 64,
'nisplus-servers': 65,
'tftp-server': 66,
'tftp-server-name': 66,
'bootfile-name': 67,
'system-architecture': 93,
'interface-id': 94,
'machine-id': 97,
'name-search': 117,
'subnet-selection': 118,
'domain-search': 119,
'classless-static-route': 121,
'tftp-server-address': 150,
'server-ip-address': 150,
'etherboot': 175,
'config-file': 209,
'path-prefix': 210,
'reboot-time': 211,
}
return _supported_options.get(name)
class APIRateLimiter(object):
def __init__(self, max_calls, period=1.0):
self._enabled = max_calls is not None
if not self._enabled:
return
if period <= 0 or int(max_calls) <= 0:
raise ValueError('period and max_calls should be positive')
self._period = period
self._max_calls = min(int(max_calls),
constants.API_DEFAULT_MAX_RATE)
self._call_time = collections.deque()
self._lock = Lock()
def __enter__(self):
if not self._enabled:
return 0
pre_wait_ts = time.time()
with self._lock:
wait_time = self._calc_wait_time()
if wait_time:
time.sleep(wait_time)
# assume api call happens immediately after entering context
post_wait_ts = time.time()
self._call_time.append(post_wait_ts)
return post_wait_ts - pre_wait_ts
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
pass
def adjust_rate(self, **kwargs):
pass
def _calc_wait_time(self):
now = time.time()
# remove timestamps out of current window
while self._call_time and now - self._period > self._call_time[0]:
self._call_time.popleft()
current_rate = len(self._call_time)
if current_rate < self._max_calls:
return 0
# call_time contains at least #max_rate timestamps.
# earliest possible time to get below rate limit is at
# T = self.call_time[-self.max_calls] + self.period
# Thus need to wait T - now
return self._call_time[-self._max_calls] + self._period - now
class APIRateLimiterAIMD(APIRateLimiter):
def __init__(self, max_calls, period=1.0):
super(APIRateLimiterAIMD, self).__init__(max_calls, period=period)
if self._enabled:
self._top_rate = self._max_calls
self._max_calls = 1
self._pos_sig = 0
self._neg_sig = 0
self._last_adjust_rate = time.time()
def adjust_rate(self, wait_time=0.0, status_code=200, **kwargs):
if not self._enabled:
return
with self._lock:
if status_code in constants.API_REDUCE_RATE_CODES:
self._neg_sig += 1
elif wait_time >= constants.API_WAIT_MIN_THRESHOLD:
self._pos_sig += 1
now = time.time()
if now - self._last_adjust_rate >= self._period:
if self._neg_sig > 0:
self._max_calls = max(self._max_calls // 2, 1)
LOG.debug("Decreasing API rate limit to %d due to HTTP "
"status code %d", self._max_calls, status_code)
elif self._pos_sig > 0:
self._max_calls = min(self._max_calls + 1, self._top_rate)
LOG.debug("Increasing API rate limit to %d with HTTP "
"status code %d", self._max_calls, status_code)
self._pos_sig = 0
self._neg_sig = 0
self._last_adjust_rate = now
class APICallRecord(object):
def __init__(self, verb, uri, status, provider=None, timestamp=None):
self.timestamp = timestamp or time.time()
self.verb = verb
self.uri = uri
self.status = status
self.provider = provider
class APICallCollector(object):
def __init__(self, provider, max_entry=50000):
self._api_log_store = collections.deque(maxlen=max_entry)
self.provider = provider
def add_record(self, record):
self._api_log_store.append(record)
def pop_record(self):
return self._api_log_store.popleft()
def pop_all_records(self):
records = []
while len(self._api_log_store) > 0:
records.append(self.pop_record())
return records