742 lines
30 KiB
ReStructuredText
742 lines
30 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _volume:
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==============
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Manage volumes
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==============
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A volume is a detachable block storage device, similar to a USB hard
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drive. You can attach a volume to only one instance. Use the ``openstack``
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client commands to create and manage volumes.
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Create a volume
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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This example creates a ``my-new-volume`` volume based on an image.
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#. List images, and note the ID of the image that you want to use for your
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volume:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack image list
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+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------+
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| ID | Name |
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+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------+
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| 8bf4dc2a-bf78-4dd1-aefa-f3347cf638c8 | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec |
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| 9ff9bb2e-3a1d-4d98-acb5-b1d3225aca6c | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec-kernel |
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| 4b227119-68a1-4b28-8505-f94c6ea4c6dc | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec-ramdisk |
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+--------------------------------------+---------------------------------+
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#. List the availability zones, and note the ID of the availability zone in
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which you want to create your volume:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack availability zone list
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+------+-----------+
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| Name | Status |
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+------+-----------+
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| nova | available |
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+------+-----------+
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#. Create a volume with 8 gibibytes (GiB) of space, and specify the
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availability zone and image:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume create --image 8bf4dc2a-bf78-4dd1-aefa-f3347cf638c8 \
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--size 8 --availability-zone nova my-new-volume
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+------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Property | Value |
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+------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| attachments | [] |
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| availability_zone | nova |
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| bootable | false |
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| consistencygroup_id | None |
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| created_at | 2016-09-23T07:52:42.000000 |
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| description | None |
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| encrypted | False |
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| id | bab4b0e0-ce3d-4d57-bf57-3c51319f5202 |
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| metadata | {} |
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| multiattach | False |
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| name | my-new-volume |
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| os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id | 3f670abbe9b34ca5b81db6e7b540b8d8 |
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| replication_status | disabled |
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| size | 8 |
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| snapshot_id | None |
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| source_volid | None |
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| status | creating |
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| updated_at | None |
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| user_id | fe19e3a9f63f4a14bd4697789247bbc5 |
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| volume_type | lvmdriver-1 |
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+------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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#. To verify that your volume was created successfully, list the available
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volumes:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume list
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+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| ID | DisplayName | Status | Size | Attached to |
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+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| bab4b0e0-ce3d-4d57-bf57-3c51319f5202 | my-new-volume | available | 8 | |
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+--------------------------------------+---------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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If your volume was created successfully, its status is ``available``. If
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its status is ``error``, you might have exceeded your quota.
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.. _Create_a_volume_from_specified_volume_type:
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Volume Types
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------------
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Cinder supports these three ways to specify ``volume type`` during
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volume creation.
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#. volume_type
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#. cinder_img_volume_type (via glance image metadata)
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#. default_volume_type (via cinder.conf)
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volume-type
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+++++++++++
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User can specify `volume type` when creating a volume.
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume create -h -f {json,shell,table,value,yaml}
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-c COLUMN --max-width <integer>
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--noindent --prefix PREFIX --size <size>
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--type <volume-type> --image <image>
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--snapshot <snapshot> --source <volume>
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--description <description> --user <user>
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--project <project>
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--availability-zone <availability-zone>
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--property <key=value>
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<name>
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cinder_img_volume_type
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++++++++++++++++++++++
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If glance image has ``cinder_img_volume_type`` property, Cinder uses this
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parameter to specify ``volume type`` when creating a volume.
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Choose glance image which has ``cinder_img_volume_type`` property and create
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a volume from the image.
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack image list
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+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------+
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| ID | Name | Status |
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+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------+
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| 376bd633-c9c9-4c5d-a588-342f4f66 | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec | active |
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| d086 | | |
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| 2c20fce7-2e68-45ee-ba8d- | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec-ramdisk | active |
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| beba27a91ab5 | | |
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| a5752de4-9faf-4c47-acbc- | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec-kernel | active |
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| 78a5efa7cc6e | | |
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+----------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------+
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$ openstack image show 376bd633-c9c9-4c5d-a588-342f4f66d086
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+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
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| checksum | eb9139e4942121f22bbc2afc0400b2a |
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| cinder_img_volume_type | nfstype |
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| container_format | ami |
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| created_at | 2016-10-13T03:28:55Z |
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| disk_format | ami |
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| file | /v2/images/376bd633-c9c9-4c5d-a588-342f4f66d086/file |
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| id | 376bd633-c9c9-4c5d-a588-342f4f66d086 |
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| min_disk | 0 |
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| min_ram | 0 |
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| name | cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec |
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| owner | 88ba456e3a884c318394737765e0ef4d |
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| properties | kernel_id='a5752de4-9faf-4c47-acbc-78a5efa7cc6e', |
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| | ramdisk_id='2c20fce7-2e68-45ee-ba8d-beba27a91ab5' |
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| protected | False |
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| schema | /v2/schemas/image |
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| size | 25165824 |
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| status | active |
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| tags | |
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| updated_at | 2016-10-13T03:28:55Z |
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| virtual_size | None |
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| visibility | public |
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+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
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$ openstack volume create --image 376bd633-c9c9-4c5d-a588-342f4f66d086 \
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--size 1 --availability-zone nova test
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+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| attachments | [] |
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| availability_zone | nova |
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| bootable | false |
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| consistencygroup_id | None |
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| created_at | 2016-10-13T06:29:53.688599 |
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| description | None |
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| encrypted | False |
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| id | e6e6a72d-cda7-442c-830f-f306ea6a03d5 |
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| multiattach | False |
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| name | test |
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| properties | |
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| replication_status | disabled |
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| size | 1 |
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| snapshot_id | None |
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| source_volid | None |
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| status | creating |
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| type | nfstype |
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| updated_at | None |
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| user_id | 33fdc37314914796883706b33e587d51 |
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+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
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default_volume_type
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+++++++++++++++++++
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If above parameters are not set, Cinder uses default_volume_type which is
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defined in cinder.conf during volume creation.
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Example cinder.conf file configuration.
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.. code-block:: console
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[default]
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default_volume_type = lvmdriver-1
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.. _Attach_a_volume_to_an_instance:
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Attach a volume to an instance
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. Attach your volume to a server, specifying the server ID and the volume
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ID:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack server add volume 84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5 \
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573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8 --device /dev/vdb
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#. Show information for your volume:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume show 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8
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The output shows that the volume is attached to the server with ID
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``84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5``, is in the nova availability
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zone, and is bootable.
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.. code-block:: console
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+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
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| attachments | [{u'device': u'/dev/vdb', |
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| | u'server_id': u'84c6e57d-a |
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| | u'id': u'573e024d-... |
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| | u'volume_id': u'573e024d... |
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| availability_zone | nova |
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| bootable | true |
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| consistencygroup_id | None |
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| created_at | 2016-10-13T06:08:07.000000 |
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| description | None |
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| encrypted | False |
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| id | 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8 |
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| multiattach | False |
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| name | my-new-volume |
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| properties | |
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| replication_status | disabled |
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| size | 8 |
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| snapshot_id | None |
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| source_volid | None |
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| status | in-use |
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| type | lvmdriver-1 |
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| updated_at | 2016-10-13T06:08:11.000000 |
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| user_id | 33fdc37314914796883706b33e587d51 |
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+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
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Detach a volume from an instance
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. Detach your volume from a server, specifying the server ID and the volume
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ID:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack server remove volume 84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5 \
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573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8
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#. Show information for your volume:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume show 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8
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The output shows that the volume is no longer attached to the server:
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.. code-block:: console
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+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
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| attachments | [] |
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| availability_zone | nova |
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| bootable | true |
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| consistencygroup_id | None |
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| created_at | 2016-10-13T06:08:07.000000 |
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| description | None |
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| encrypted | False |
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| id | 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8 |
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| multiattach | False |
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| name | my-new-volume |
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| properties | |
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| replication_status | disabled |
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| size | 8 |
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| snapshot_id | None |
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| source_volid | None |
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| status | in-use |
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| type | lvmdriver-1 |
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| updated_at | 2016-10-13T06:08:11.000000 |
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| user_id | 33fdc37314914796883706b33e587d51 |
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+------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
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Delete a volume
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. To delete your volume, you must first detach it from the server.
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To detach the volume from your server and check for the list of existing
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volumes, see steps 1 and 2 in Resize_a_volume_.
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Delete the volume using either the volume name or ID:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume delete my-new-volume
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This command does not provide any output.
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#. List the volumes again, and note that the status of your volume is
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``deleting``:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume list
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to |
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| 573e024d-52... | my-new-volume | deleting | 8 | |
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| bd7cf584-45... | my-bootable-vol | available | 8 | |
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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When the volume is fully deleted, it disappears from the list of
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volumes:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume list
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to |
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| bd7cf584-45... | my-bootable-vol | available | 8 | |
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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.. _Resize_a_volume:
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Resize a volume
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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#. To resize your volume, you must first detach it from the server.
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To detach the volume from your server, pass the server ID and volume ID
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to the following command:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack server remove volume 84c6e57d-a6b1-44b6-81eb-fcb36afd31b5 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8
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This command does not provide any output.
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#. List volumes:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume list
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to |
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| 573e024d-52... | my-new-volume | available | 8 | |
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| bd7cf584-45... | my-bootable-vol | available | 8 | |
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+----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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Note that the volume is now available.
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#. Resize the volume by passing the volume ID and the new size (a value
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greater than the old one) as parameters:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume set 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8 --size 10
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This command does not provide any output.
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.. note::
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When extending an LVM volume with a snapshot, the volume will be
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deactivated. The reactivation is automatic unless
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``auto_activation_volume_list`` is defined in ``lvm.conf``. See
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``lvm.conf`` for more information.
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Migrate a volume
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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As an administrator, you can migrate a volume with its data from one
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location to another in a manner that is transparent to users and
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workloads. You can migrate only detached volumes with no snapshots.
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Possible use cases for data migration include:
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* Bring down a physical storage device for maintenance without
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disrupting workloads.
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* Modify the properties of a volume.
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* Free up space in a thinly-provisioned back end.
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Migrate a volume with the :command:`openstack volume migrate` command, as shown
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in the following example:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume migrate [-h] --host <host> [--force-host-copy]
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[--lock-volume] <volume>
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The arguments for this command are:
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host
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The destination host in the format `host@backend-name#pool`.
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volume
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The ID of the volume to migrate.
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*force-host-copy*
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Disables any driver optimizations and forces the data to be copied by the
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host.
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*lock-volume*
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Prevents other processes from aborting the migration.
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.. note::
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If the volume has snapshots, the specified host destination cannot accept
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the volume. If the user is not an administrator, the migration fails.
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Transfer a volume
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can transfer a volume from one owner to another by using the
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:command:`openstack volume transfer request create` command. The volume
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donor, or original owner, creates a transfer request and sends the created
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transfer ID and authorization key to the volume recipient. The volume
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recipient, or new owner, accepts the transfer by using the ID and key.
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.. note::
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The procedure for volume transfer is intended for projects (both the
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volume donor and recipient) within the same cloud.
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Use cases include:
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* Create a custom bootable volume or a volume with a large data set and
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transfer it to a customer.
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* For bulk import of data to the cloud, the data ingress system creates
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a new Block Storage volume, copies data from the physical device, and
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transfers device ownership to the end user.
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Create a volume transfer request
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--------------------------------
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#. While logged in as the volume donor, list the available volumes:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume list
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+-----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to |
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+-----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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| 72bfce9f-cac... | None | error | 1 | |
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| a1cdace0-08e... | None | available | 1 | |
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+-----------------+-----------------+-----------+------+-------------+
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#. As the volume donor, request a volume transfer authorization code for a
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specific volume:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume transfer request create <volume>
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<volume>
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Name or ID of volume to transfer.
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The volume must be in an ``available`` state or the request will be
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denied. If the transfer request is valid in the database (that is, it
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has not expired or been deleted), the volume is placed in an
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``awaiting-transfer`` state. For example:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack volume transfer request create a1cdace0-08e4-4dc7-b9dc-457e9bcfe25f
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The output shows the volume transfer ID in the ``id`` row and the
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authorization key.
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.. code-block:: console
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+------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+------------+--------------------------------------+
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| auth_key | 0a59e53630f051e2 |
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| created_at | 2016-11-03T11:49:40.346181 |
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| id | 34e29364-142b-4c7b-8d98-88f765bf176f |
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| name | None |
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| volume_id | a1cdace0-08e4-4dc7-b9dc-457e9bcfe25f |
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+------------+--------------------------------------+
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.. note::
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Optionally, you can specify a name for the transfer by using the
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``--name transferName`` parameter.
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.. note::
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While the ``auth_key`` property is visible in the output of
|
|
``openstack volume transfer request create VOLUME_ID``, it will not be
|
|
available in subsequent ``openstack volume transfer request show TRANSFER_ID``
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
#. Send the volume transfer ID and authorization key to the new owner (for
|
|
example, by email).
|
|
|
|
#. View pending transfers:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request list
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------+
|
|
| ID | Volume | Name |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------+
|
|
| 6e4e9aa4-bed5-4f94-8f76-df43232f44dc | a1cdace0-08e4-4dc7-b9dc-457e9bcfe25f | None |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------+
|
|
|
|
#. After the volume recipient, or new owner, accepts the transfer, you can
|
|
see that the transfer is no longer available:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request list
|
|
+----+-----------+------+
|
|
| ID | Volume ID | Name |
|
|
+----+-----------+------+
|
|
+----+-----------+------+
|
|
|
|
Accept a volume transfer request
|
|
--------------------------------
|
|
|
|
#. As the volume recipient, you must first obtain the transfer ID and
|
|
authorization key from the original owner.
|
|
|
|
#. Accept the request:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request accept transferID authKey
|
|
|
|
For example:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request accept 6e4e9aa4-bed5-4f94-8f76-df43232f44dc b2c8e585cbc68a80
|
|
+-----------+--------------------------------------+
|
|
| Property | Value |
|
|
+-----------+--------------------------------------+
|
|
| id | 6e4e9aa4-bed5-4f94-8f76-df43232f44dc |
|
|
| name | None |
|
|
| volume_id | a1cdace0-08e4-4dc7-b9dc-457e9bcfe25f |
|
|
+-----------+--------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
|
|
If you do not have a sufficient quota for the transfer, the transfer
|
|
is refused.
|
|
|
|
Delete a volume transfer
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
#. List available volumes and their statuses:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume list
|
|
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+------+-------------+
|
|
| ID | Display Name | Status | Size | Attached to |
|
|
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+------+-------------+
|
|
| 72bfce9f-cac... | None | error | 1 | |
|
|
| a1cdace0-08e... | None |awaiting-transfer| 1 | |
|
|
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+------+-------------+
|
|
|
|
|
|
#. Find the matching transfer ID:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request list
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------+
|
|
| ID | VolumeID | Name |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------+
|
|
| a6da6888-7cdf-4291-9c08-8c1f22426b8a | a1cdace0-08e4-4dc7-b9dc-457e9bcfe25f | None |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+------+
|
|
|
|
#. Delete the volume:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request delete <transfer>
|
|
|
|
<transfer>
|
|
Name or ID of transfer to delete.
|
|
|
|
For example:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request delete a6da6888-7cdf-4291-9c08-8c1f22426b8a
|
|
|
|
#. Verify that transfer list is now empty and that the volume is again
|
|
available for transfer:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume transfer request list
|
|
+----+-----------+------+
|
|
| ID | Volume ID | Name |
|
|
+----+-----------+------+
|
|
+----+-----------+------+
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume list
|
|
+-----------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|
|
| ID | Status | Display Name | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
|
|
+-----------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|
|
| 72bfce9f-ca... | error | None | 1 | None | false | |
|
|
| a1cdace0-08... | available | None | 1 | None | false | |
|
|
+-----------------+-----------+--------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|
|
|
|
Manage and unmanage a snapshot
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
A snapshot is a point in time version of a volume. As an administrator,
|
|
you can manage and unmanage snapshots.
|
|
|
|
Manage a snapshot
|
|
-----------------
|
|
|
|
Manage a snapshot with the :command:`openstack volume snapshot set` command:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume snapshot set [-h]
|
|
[--name <name>]
|
|
[--description <description>]
|
|
[--no-property]
|
|
[--property <key=value>]
|
|
[--state <state>]
|
|
<snapshot>
|
|
|
|
The arguments to be passed are:
|
|
|
|
``--name <name>``
|
|
New snapshot name
|
|
|
|
``--description <description>``
|
|
New snapshot description
|
|
|
|
``--no-property``
|
|
Remove all properties from <snapshot> (specify both
|
|
--no-property and --property to remove the current
|
|
properties before setting new properties.)
|
|
|
|
``--property <key=value>``
|
|
Property to add or modify for this snapshot (repeat option to set
|
|
multiple properties)
|
|
|
|
``--state <state>``
|
|
New snapshot state. ("available", "error", "creating", "deleting",
|
|
or "error_deleting")
|
|
(admin only) (This option simply changes the state of the snapshot in the
|
|
database with no regard to actual status, exercise caution when using)
|
|
|
|
``<snapshot>``
|
|
Snapshot to modify (name or ID)
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume snapshot set my-snapshot-id
|
|
|
|
Unmanage a snapshot
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
Unmanage a snapshot with the :command:`openstack volume snapshot unset`
|
|
command:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume snapshot unset [-h]
|
|
[--property <key>]
|
|
<snapshot>
|
|
|
|
The arguments to be passed are:
|
|
|
|
``--property <key>``
|
|
Property to remove from snapshot (repeat option to remove multiple properties)
|
|
|
|
``<snapshot>``
|
|
Snapshot to modify (name or ID).
|
|
|
|
The following example unmanages the ``my-snapshot-id`` image:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume snapshot unset my-snapshot-id
|
|
|
|
Report backend state in service list
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
|
|
Each of the Cinder services report a Status and a State. These are the
|
|
administrative state and the runtime state, respectively.
|
|
|
|
To get a listing of all Cinder services and their states, run the command:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: console
|
|
|
|
$ openstack volume service list
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|
|
| Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At |
|
|
+------------------+-------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|
|
| cinder-scheduler | tower | nova | enabled | up | 2018-03-30T21:16:11.000000 |
|
|
| cinder-volume | tower@lvmdriver-1 | nova | enabled | up | 2018-03-30T21:16:15.000000 |
|
|
| cinder-backup | tower | nova | enabled | up | 2018-03-30T21:16:14.000000 |
|
|
+------------------+-------------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|