Merge pull request #250 from AndrewPashkin/introduce_generic_repr_model_mixin

Introduce generic_repr() model decorator, that adds generic __repr__() to an ORM model.

docs/models.rst

@@ -8,3 +8,11 @@ Timestamp
 .. module:: sqlalchemy_utils.models
 
 .. autoclass:: Timestamp
+
+
+generic_repr
+------------
+
+.. module:: sqlalchemy_utils.models
+
+.. autofunction:: generic_repr

sqlalchemy_utils/__init__.py

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ from .listeners import (  # noqa
     force_auto_coercion,
     force_instant_defaults
 )
-from .models import Timestamp  # noqa
+from .models import generic_repr, Timestamp  # noqa
 from .observer import observes  # noqa
 from .primitives import Country, Currency, Ltree, WeekDay, WeekDays  # noqa
 from .proxy_dict import proxy_dict, ProxyDict  # noqa

sqlalchemy_utils/models.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from datetime import datetime
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.util.langhelpers import symbol
 
 
 class Timestamp(object):
@@ -31,3 +32,67 @@ def timestamp_before_update(mapper, connection, target):
     # When a model with a timestamp is updated; force update the updated
     # timestamp.
     target.updated = datetime.utcnow()
+
+
+NO_VALUE = symbol('NO_VALUE')
+NOT_LOADED_REPR = '<not loaded>'
+
+
+def _generic_repr_method(self, fields):
+    state = sa.inspect(self)
+    field_reprs = []
+    if not fields:
+        fields = state.mapper.columns.keys()
+    for key in fields:
+        value = state.attrs[key].loaded_value
+        if value == NO_VALUE:
+            value = NOT_LOADED_REPR
+        else:
+            value = repr(value)
+        field_reprs.append('='.join((key, value)))
+
+    return '%s(%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__, ', '.join(field_reprs))
+
+
+def generic_repr(*fields):
+    """Adds generic ``__repr__()`` method to a decalrative SQLAlchemy model.
+
+    In case if some fields are not loaded from a database, it doesn't
+    force their loading and instead repesents them as ``<not loaded>``.
+
+    In addition, user can provide field names as arguments to the decorator
+    to specify what fields should present in the string representation
+    and in what order.
+
+    Example::
+
+
+        import sqlalchemy as sa
+        from sqlalchemy_utils import generic_repr
+
+
+        @generic_repr
+        class MyModel(Base):
+            __tablename__ = 'mymodel'
+            id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, primary_key=True)
+            name = sa.Column(sa.String)
+            category = sa.Column(sa.String)
+
+        session.add(MyModel(name='Foo', category='Bar'))
+        session.commit()
+        foo = session.query(MyModel).options(sa.orm.defer('category')).one(s)
+
+        assert repr(foo) == 'MyModel(id=1, name='Foo', category=<not loaded>)'
+    """
+    if len(fields) == 1 and callable(fields[0]):
+        target = fields[0]
+        target.__repr__ = lambda self: _generic_repr_method(self, fields=None)
+        return target
+    else:
+        def decorator(cls):
+            cls.__repr__ = lambda self: _generic_repr_method(
+                self,
+                fields=fields
+            )
+            return cls
+        return decorator

tests/test_models.py

@@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
+import sys
 from datetime import datetime
 
 import pytest
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
-from sqlalchemy_utils import Timestamp
-
-
-@pytest.fixture
-def Article(Base):
-    class Article(Base, Timestamp):
-        __tablename__ = 'article'
-        id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, primary_key=True)
-        name = sa.Column(sa.Unicode(255), default=u'Some article')
-    return Article
+from sqlalchemy_utils import generic_repr, Timestamp
 
 
 class TestTimestamp(object):
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def Article(self, Base):
+        class Article(Base, Timestamp):
+            __tablename__ = 'article'
+            id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, primary_key=True)
+            name = sa.Column(sa.Unicode(255), default=u'Some article')
+        return Article
 
     def test_created(self, session, Article):
         then = datetime.utcnow()
@@ -38,3 +37,52 @@ class TestTimestamp(object):
         session.commit()
 
         assert article.updated >= then and article.updated <= datetime.utcnow()
+
+
+class TestGenericRepr:
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def Article(self, Base):
+        class Article(Base):
+            __tablename__ = 'article'
+            id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, primary_key=True)
+            name = sa.Column(sa.Unicode(255), default=u'Some article')
+        return Article
+
+    def test_repr(self, Article):
+        """Representation of a basic model."""
+        Article = generic_repr(Article)
+        article = Article(id=1, name=u'Foo')
+        if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+            expected_repr = u'Article(id=1, name=u\'Foo\')'
+        elif sys.version_info[0] == 3:
+            expected_repr = u'Article(id=1, name=\'Foo\')'
+        else:
+            raise AssertionError
+        actual_repr = repr(article)
+
+        assert actual_repr == expected_repr
+
+    def test_repr_partial(self, Article):
+        """Representation of a basic model with selected fields."""
+        Article = generic_repr('id')(Article)
+        article = Article(id=1, name=u'Foo')
+        expected_repr = u'Article(id=1)'
+        actual_repr = repr(article)
+
+        assert actual_repr == expected_repr
+
+    def test_not_loaded(self, session, Article):
+        """:py:func:`~sqlalchemy_utils.models.generic_repr` doesn't force
+        execution of additional queries if some fields are not loaded and
+        instead represents them as "<not loaded>".
+        """
+        Article = generic_repr(Article)
+        article = Article(name=u'Foo')
+        session.add(article)
+        session.commit()
+
+        article = session.query(Article).options(sa.orm.defer('name')).one()
+        actual_repr = repr(article)
+
+        expected_repr = u'Article(id={}, name=<not loaded>)'.format(article.id)
+        assert actual_repr == expected_repr