neutron/doc/source/devref/openvswitch_agent.rst

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OpenVSwitch L2 Agent

This Agent uses the OpenVSwitch virtual switch to create L2 connectivity for instances, along with bridges created in conjunction with OpenStack Nova for filtering.

ovs-neutron-agent can be configured to use different networking technologies to create tenant isolation. These technologies are implemented as ML2 type drivers which are used in conjunction with the OpenVSwitch mechanism driver.

VLAN Tags

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GRE Tunnels

GRE Tunneling is documented in depth in the Networking in too much detail by RedHat.

VXLAN Tunnels

VXLAN is an overlay technology which encapsulates MAC frames at layer 2 into a UDP header. More information can be found in The VXLAN wiki page.

Further Reading