176 lines
8.0 KiB
ReStructuredText
176 lines
8.0 KiB
ReStructuredText
===================
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Manage IP addresses
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===================
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Each instance has a private, fixed IP address and can also have a
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public, or floating IP address. Private IP addresses are used for
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communication between instances, and public addresses are used for
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communication with networks outside the cloud, including the Internet.
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When you launch an instance, it is automatically assigned a private IP
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address that stays the same until you explicitly terminate the instance.
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Rebooting an instance has no effect on the private IP address.
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A pool of floating IP addresses, configured by the cloud administrator,
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is available in OpenStack Compute. The project quota defines the maximum
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number of floating IP addresses that you can allocate to the project.
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After you allocate a floating IP address to a project, you can:
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- Associate the floating IP address with an instance of the project.
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- Disassociate a floating IP address from an instance in the project.
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- Delete a floating IP from the project which automatically deletes that IP's
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associations.
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Use the :command:`openstack` commands to manage floating IP addresses.
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List floating IP address information
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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To list all pools that provide floating IP addresses, run:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack floating ip pool list
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+--------+
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| name |
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+--------+
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| public |
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| test |
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+--------+
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.. note::
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If this list is empty, the cloud administrator must configure a pool
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of floating IP addresses.
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To list all floating IP addresses that are allocated to the current project,
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run:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack floating ip list
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+--------------------------------------+---------------------+------------------+------+
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| ID | Floating IP Address | Fixed IP Address | Port |
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+--------------------------------------+---------------------+------------------+------+
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| 760963b2-779c-4a49-a50d-f073c1ca5b9e | 172.24.4.228 | None | None |
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| 89532684-13e1-4af3-bd79-f434c9920cc3 | 172.24.4.235 | None | None |
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| ea3ebc6d-a146-47cd-aaa8-35f06e1e8c3d | 172.24.4.229 | None | None |
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+--------------------------------------+---------------------+------------------+------+
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For each floating IP address that is allocated to the current project,
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the command outputs the floating IP address, the ID for the instance
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to which the floating IP address is assigned, the associated fixed IP
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address, and the pool from which the floating IP address was
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allocated.
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Associate floating IP addresses
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can assign a floating IP address to a project and to an instance.
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#. Run the following command to allocate a floating IP address to the
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current project. By default, the floating IP address is allocated from
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the public pool. The command outputs the allocated IP address:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack floating ip create public
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+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| created_at | 2016-11-30T15:02:05Z |
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| description | |
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| fixed_ip_address | None |
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| floating_ip_address | 172.24.4.236 |
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| floating_network_id | 0bf90de6-fc0f-4dba-b80d-96670dfb331a |
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| headers | |
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| id | c70ad74b-2f64-4e60-965e-f24fc12b3194 |
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| port_id | None |
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| project_id | 5669caad86a04256994cdf755df4d3c1 |
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| project_id | 5669caad86a04256994cdf755df4d3c1 |
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| revision_number | 1 |
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| router_id | None |
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| status | DOWN |
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| updated_at | 2016-11-30T15:02:05Z |
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+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
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#. List all project instances with which a floating IP address could be
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associated.
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack server list
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+---------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------+------------+
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| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | Image Name |
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+---------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------+------------+
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| d5c854f9-d3e5-4f... | VM1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=10.0.0.3 | cirros |
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| 42290b01-0968-43... | VM2 | SHUTOFF | - | Shutdown | private=10.0.0.4 | centos |
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+---------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------+------------+
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Note the server ID to use.
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#. List ports associated with the selected server.
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack port list --device-id SERVER_ID
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+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
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| ID | Name | MAC Address | Fixed IP Addresses | Status |
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+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
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| 40e9dea9-f457-458f-bc46-6f4ebea3c268 | | fa:16:3e:00:57:3e | ip_address='10.0.0.4', subnet_id='23ee9de7-362e- | ACTIVE |
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| | | | 49e2-a3b0-0de1c14930cb' | |
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| | | | ip_address='fd22:4c4c:81c2:0:f816:3eff:fe00:573e', subnet_id | |
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| | | | ='a2b3acbe-fbeb-40d3-b21f-121268c21b55' | |
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+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
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Note the port ID to use.
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#. Associate an IP address with an instance in the project, as follows:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack floating ip set --port PORT_ID FLOATING_IP_ADDRESS
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For example:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack floating ip set --port 40e9dea9-f457-458f-bc46-6f4ebea3c268 172.24.4.225
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The instance is now associated with two IP addresses:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack server list
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+------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------------+------------+
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| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | Image Name |
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+------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------------+------------+
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| d5c854f9-d3e5... | VM1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=10.0.0.3, 172.24.4.225| cirros |
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| 42290b01-0968... | VM2 | SHUTOFF| - | Shutdown | private=10.0.0.4 | centos |
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+------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------------------+------------+
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After you associate the IP address and configure security group rules
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for the instance, the instance is publicly available at the floating IP
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address.
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Disassociate floating IP addresses
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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To disassociate a floating IP address from an instance:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack floating ip unset --port FLOATING_IP_ADDRESS
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To remove the floating IP address from a project:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ openstack floating ip delete FLOATING_IP_ADDRESS
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The IP address is returned to the pool of IP addresses that is available
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for all projects. If the IP address is still associated with a running
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instance, it is automatically disassociated from that instance.
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