140 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
140 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<section xml:id="manage_ip_addresses"
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xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
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<title>Manage IP addresses</title>
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<para>Each instance has a private, fixed IP address and can also have a public, or floating,
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address. Private IP addresses are used for communication between instances, and public
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addresses are used for communication with networks outside the cloud, including the
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Internet.</para>
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<para>When you launch an instance, it is automatically assigned a
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private IP address that stays the same until you explicitly
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terminate the instance. Rebooting an instance has no effect on
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the private IP address.</para>
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<para>A pool of floating IP addresses, configured by the cloud administrator, is available in
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OpenStack Compute. The project quota defines the maximum number of floating IP addresses
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that you can allocate to the project. After you allocate a floating IP address to a project,
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you can:</para>
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<para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Associate the floating IP address with an instance of the project. Only one
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floating IP address can be allocated to an instance at any given time.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Disassociate a floating IP address from an instance in the project.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Delete a floating IP from the project; deleting a floating IP automatically
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deletes that IP's associations.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<para>Use the <command>nova floating-ip-*</command> commands to manage floating IP
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addresses.</para>
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<section xml:id="floating_ips_proc">
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<title>List floating IP address information</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>To list all pools that provide floating IP addresses, run:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-pool-list</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+--------+
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| name |
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+--------+
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| public |
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| test |
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+--------+</computeroutput></screen>
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<note><para>If this list is empty, the cloud administrator must configure a pool of floating IP
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addresses.</para></note>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>To list all floating IP addresses that are allocated to the current project, run:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-list</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+--------------+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+
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| Ip | Instance Id | Fixed Ip | Pool |
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+--------------+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+
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| 172.24.4.225 | 4a60ff6a-7a3c-49d7-9515-86ae501044c6 | 10.0.0.2 | public |
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| 172.24.4.226 | None | None | public |
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+--------------+--------------------------------------+----------+--------+</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>For each floating IP address that is allocated to the current project, the
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command outputs the floating IP address, the ID for the instance to which the
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floating IP address is assigned, the associated fixed IP address, and the pool
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from which the floating IP address was allocated.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="floating_ip_allocate">
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<title>Associate floating IP addresses</title>
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<para>You can assign a floating IP address to a project and to an instance.</para>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Run the following command to allocate a floating IP address to the current
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project. By default, the floating IP address is allocated from the
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<systemitem>public</systemitem> pool. The command outputs the allocated IP
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address.</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-create</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+--------------+-------------+----------+--------+
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| Ip | Instance Id | Fixed Ip | Pool |
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+--------------+-------------+----------+--------+
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| 172.24.4.225 | None | None | public |
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+--------------+-------------+----------+--------+</computeroutput></screen>
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<note><para>If more than one IP address pool is available, you can specify the pool from which to allocate
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the IP address, using the pool's name. For example, to allocate a floating
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IP address from the <literal>test</literal> pool, run:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-create test</userinput></screen>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>List all project instances with which a floating IP address could be
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associated:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova list</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+--------------------------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------+
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| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
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+--------------------------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------+
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| d5c854f9-d3e5-4fce-94d9-3d9f9f8f2987 | VM1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=10.0.0.3 |
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| 42290b01-0968-4313-831f-3b489a63433f | VM2 | SHUTOFF | - | Shutdown | private=10.0.0.4 |
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+--------------------------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Associate an IP address with an instance in the project, as follows:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-associate <replaceable>INSTANCE_NAME_OR_ID</replaceable> <replaceable>FLOATING_IP_ADDRESS</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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<para>For example:</para>
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<para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-associate VM1 172.24.4.225</userinput></screen>
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</para>
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<para>Notice that the instance is now associated with two IP addresses:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova list</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+--------------------------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------+
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| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
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+--------------------------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------+
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| d5c854f9-d3e5-4fce-94d9-3d9f9f8f2987 | VM1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=10.0.0.3, 172.24.4.225 |
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| 42290b01-0968-4313-831f-3b489a63433f | VM2 | SHUTOFF | - | Shutdown | private=10.0.0.4 |
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+--------------------------------------+------+---------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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<para>After you associate the IP address and configure security group rules for the instance, the instance is
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publicly available at the floating IP address.</para>
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<note><para>If an instance is connected to multiple networks, you can associate a floating IP
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address with a specific fixed IP address using the optional
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<parameter>--fixed-address</parameter> parameter:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-associate --fixed-address=<replaceable>FIXED_IP_ADDRESS</replaceable> <replaceable>INSTANCE_NAME_OR_ID</replaceable> <replaceable>FLOATING_IP_ADDRESS</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</note>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="floating_ip_disassociate">
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<title>Disassociate floating IP addresses</title>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Release a floating IP address from an instance, as follows:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-disassociate <replaceable>INSTANCE_NAME_OR_ID</replaceable> <replaceable>FLOATING_IP_ADDRESS</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Release the floating IP address from the current project, as follows:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nova floating-ip-delete <replaceable>FLOATING_IP_ADDRESS</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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<para>The IP address is returned to the pool of IP addresses that is available for
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all projects. If the IP address is still associated with a running instance, it
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is automatically disassociated from that instance.</para>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</section>
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</section>
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