openstack-manuals/doc/install-guide-rst/source/swift-initial-rings.rst

Create initial rings

Before starting the Object Storage services, you must create the initial account, container, and object rings. The ring builder creates configuration files that each node uses to determine and deploy the storage architecture. For simplicity, this guide uses one region and zone with 2^10 (1024) maximum partitions, 3 replicas of each object, and 1 hour minimum time between moving a partition more than once. For Object Storage, a partition indicates a directory on a storage device rather than a conventional partition table. For more information, see the Deployment Guide.

Account ring

The account server uses the account ring to maintain lists of containers.

To create the ring perform the following steps on the controller node.

1. Change to the /etc/swift directory.

2. Create the base account.builder file:

   # swift-ring-builder account.builder create 10 3 1

   Note

   This command provides no output.

3. Add each storage node to the ring:

   # swift-ring-builder account.builder \
     add --region 1 --zone 1 --ip STORAGE_NODE_MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS --port 6002 \
     --device DEVICE_NAME --weight DEVICE_WEIGHT

   Replace STORAGE_NODE_MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS with the IP address of the management network on the storage node. Replace DEVICE_NAME with a storage device name on the same storage node. For example, using the first storage node in swift-storage-node with the /dev/sdb1 storage device and weight of 100:

   # swift-ring-builder account.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6002 --device sdb1 --weight 100

   Repeat this command for each storage device on each storage node. In the example architecture, use the command in four variations:

   # swift-ring-builder account.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6002 --device sdb1 --weight 100
   Device d0r1z1-10.0.0.51:6002R10.0.0.51:6002/sdb1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 0
   # swift-ring-builder account.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 2 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6002 --device sdc1 --weight 100
   Device d1r1z2-10.0.0.51:6002R10.0.0.51:6002/sdc1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 1
   # swift-ring-builder account.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 3 --ip 10.0.0.52 --port 6002 --device sdb1 --weight 100
   Device d2r1z3-10.0.0.52:6002R10.0.0.52:6002/sdb1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 2
   # swift-ring-builder account.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 4 --ip 10.0.0.52 --port 6002 --device sdc1 --weight 100
   Device d3r1z4-10.0.0.52:6002R10.0.0.52:6002/sdc1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 3

4. Verify the ring contents:

   # swift-ring-builder account.builder
   account.builder, build version 4
   1024 partitions, 3.000000 replicas, 1 regions, 4 zones, 4 devices, 100.00 balance, 0.00 dispersion
   The minimum number of hours before a partition can be reassigned is 1
   The overload factor is 0.00% (0.000000)
   Devices:    id  region  zone      ip address  port  replication ip  replication port      name weight partitions balance meta
                0       1     1       10.0.0.51  6002       10.0.0.51              6002      sdb1 100.00          0 -100.00
                1       1     2       10.0.0.51  6002       10.0.0.51              6002      sdc1 100.00          0 -100.00
                2       1     3       10.0.0.52  6002       10.0.0.52              6002      sdb1 100.00          0 -100.00
                3       1     4       10.0.0.52  6002       10.0.0.52              6002      sdc1 100.00          0 -100.00</computeroutput></screen>

5. Rebalance the ring:

   # swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance
   Reassigned 1024 (100.00%) partitions. Balance is now 0.00.  Dispersion is now 0.00

Container ring

The container server uses the container ring to maintain lists of objects. However, it does not track object locations.

To create the ring perform the following steps on the controller node.

1. Change to the /etc/swift directory.

2. Create the base container.builder file:

   # swift-ring-builder container.builder create 10 3 1

   Note

   This command provides no output.

3. Add each storage node to the ring:

   # swift-ring-builder container.builder \
     add --region 1 --zone 1 --ip STORAGE_NODE_MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS --port 6001 \
     --device DEVICE_NAME --weight DEVICE_WEIGHT

   Replace STORAGE_NODE_MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS with the IP address of the management network on the storage node. Replace DEVICE_NAME with a storage device name on the same storage node. For example, using the first storage node in swift-storage-node with the /dev/sdb1 storage device and weight of 100:

   # swift-ring-builder container.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6001 --device sdb1 --weight 100

   Repeat this command for each storage device on each storage node. In the example architecture, use the command in four variations:

   # swift-ring-builder container.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6001 --device sdb1 --weight 100
   Device d0r1z1-10.0.0.51:6001R10.0.0.51:6001/sdb1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 0
   # swift-ring-builder container.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 2 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6001 --device sdc1 --weight 100
   Device d1r1z2-10.0.0.51:6001R10.0.0.51:6001/sdc1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 1
   # swift-ring-builder container.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 3 --ip 10.0.0.52 --port 6001 --device sdb1 --weight 100
   Device d2r1z3-10.0.0.52:6001R10.0.0.52:6001/sdb1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 2
   # swift-ring-builder container.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 4 --ip 10.0.0.52 --port 6001 --device sdc1 --weight 100
   Device d3r1z4-10.0.0.52:6001R10.0.0.52:6001/sdc1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 3

4. Verify the ring contents:

   # swift-ring-builder container.builder
   container.builder, build version 4
   1024 partitions, 3.000000 replicas, 1 regions, 4 zones, 4 devices, 100.00 balance, 0.00 dispersion
   The minimum number of hours before a partition can be reassigned is 1
   The overload factor is 0.00% (0.000000)
   Devices:    id  region  zone      ip address  port  replication ip  replication port      name weight partitions balance meta
                0       1     1       10.0.0.51  6001       10.0.0.51              6001      sdb1 100.00          0 -100.00
                1       1     2       10.0.0.51  6001       10.0.0.51              6001      sdc1 100.00          0 -100.00
                2       1     3       10.0.0.52  6001       10.0.0.52              6001      sdb1 100.00          0 -100.00
                3       1     4       10.0.0.52  6001       10.0.0.52              6001      sdc1 100.00          0 -100.00

5. Rebalance the ring:

   # swift-ring-builder container.builder rebalance
   Reassigned 1024 (100.00%) partitions. Balance is now 0.00.  Dispersion is now 0.00

Object ring

The object server uses the object ring to maintain lists of object locations on local devices.

To create the ring perform the following steps on the controller node.

1. Change to the /etc/swift directory.

2. Create the base object.builder file:

   # swift-ring-builder object.builder create 10 3 1

   Note

   This command provides no output.

3. Add each storage node to the ring:

   # swift-ring-builder object.builder \
     add --region 1 --zone 1 --ip STORAGE_NODE_MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS --port 6000 \
     --device DEVICE_NAME --weight DEVICE_WEIGHT

   Replace STORAGE_NODE_MANAGEMENT_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS with the IP address of the management network on the storage node. Replace DEVICE_NAME with a storage device name on the same storage node. For example, using the first storage node in swift-storage-node with the /dev/sdb1 storage device and weight of 100:

   # swift-ring-builder object.builder add r1z1-10.0.0.51:6000/sdb1 100

   Repeat this command for each storage device on each storage node. In the example architecture, use the command in four variations:

   # swift-ring-builder object.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6000 --device sdb1 --weight 100
   Device d0r1z1-10.0.0.51:6000R10.0.0.51:6000/sdb1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 0
   # swift-ring-builder object.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 2 --ip 10.0.0.51 --port 6000 --device sdc1 --weight 100
   Device d1r1z2-10.0.0.51:6000R10.0.0.51:6000/sdc1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 1
   # swift-ring-builder object.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 3 --ip 10.0.0.52 --port 6000 --device sdb1 --weight 100
   Device d2r1z3-10.0.0.52:6000R10.0.0.52:6000/sdb1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 2
   # swift-ring-builder object.builder add \
     --region 1 --zone 4 --ip 10.0.0.52 --port 6000 --device sdc1 --weight 100
   Device d3r1z4-10.0.0.52:6000R10.0.0.52:6000/sdc1_"" with 100.0 weight got id 3

4. Verify the ring contents:

   # swift-ring-builder object.builder
   object.builder, build version 4
   1024 partitions, 3.000000 replicas, 1 regions, 4 zones, 4 devices, 100.00 balance, 0.00 dispersion
   The minimum number of hours before a partition can be reassigned is 1
   The overload factor is 0.00% (0.000000)
   Devices:    id  region  zone      ip address  port  replication ip  replication port      name weight partitions balance meta
                0       1     1       10.0.0.51  6000       10.0.0.51              6000      sdb1 100.00          0 -100.00
                1       1     2       10.0.0.51  6000       10.0.0.51              6000      sdc1 100.00          0 -100.00
                2       1     3       10.0.0.52  6000       10.0.0.52              6000      sdb1 100.00          0 -100.00
                3       1     4       10.0.0.52  6000       10.0.0.52              6000      sdc1 100.00          0 -100.00

5. Rebalance the ring:

   # swift-ring-builder object.builder rebalance
   Reassigned 1024 (100.00%) partitions. Balance is now 0.00.  Dispersion is now 0.00

Distribute ring configuration files

Copy the account.ring.gz, container.ring.gz, and object.ring.gz files to the /etc/swift directory on each storage node and any additional nodes running the proxy service.